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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of physiotherapy and alternatives by children with cerebral palsy: a population study (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Child 28 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2214
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Objectives To describe the use of physiotherapy services and alternative therapies by a population of children with moderate to severe cerebral palsy (CP). Design Descriptive cross-sectional survey. Subjects A total of 212 parents of children aged 4–14 years with moderate to severe CP were identified from the Northern Ireland Cerebral Palsy Register (NICPR) and a random subsample of their paediatric physiotherapists. Main measures A standardized description of motor impairment or assessment form; a postal questionnaire to parents and paediatric physiotherapists (to validate parents’ reports of service use). Response rates In total, 85% of parent questionnaires were returned and 100% of paediatric physiotherapists responded. Results Service use among families was high; on average the families had contact with approximately seven services in a 6-month time interval. The overwhelming majority of children (96%) received physiotherapy during the school term and most (59%) received treatment at least twice a week for 30 min; 43% of children had their physiotherapy discontinued over the summer holidays. Over one-quarter (28%) of families had opted out of the NHS and bought alternatives like conductive education (21%) or private forms of conventional physiotherapy (16%). Children with more severe forms of CP, in special education, particularly at schools for physical disability, were high-intensity users of the physiotherapy service. Despite this, 74% of parents wanted more physiotherapy for their child. Conclusions and implications The demand for physiotherapy services is likely to continue given the relatively stable prevalence rate of CP, the proportion of children with disabling CP and the level of parent interest in the service. A number of quality aspects and gaps in the service have been identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2214.2002.00304.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What influences physiotherapy use by children with cerebral palsy? (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Child 30 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2214
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Aim  To investigate factors that influence the frequency of physiotherapy currently used by a population of children with moderate to severe cerebral palsy (CP).Methods  A survey using a postal questionnaire was sent to 212 parents of children with moderate to severe CP. The families were identified from a geographically defined case register of children with CP in Northern Ireland (the Northern Ireland Cerebral Palsy Register). Eighty-five per cent of parents responded. One-third of parent responses regarding their child's use of physiotherapy were validated with their child's physiotherapist and the level of agreement was high.Results  Ninety-four per cent (169/180) of children received conventional physiotherapy from a statutory source during the school term. Of these, 61% (104/169) used ‘intense’ levels of physiotherapy (defined as at least twice a week). A higher proportion of intense users were children with severe CP compared with moderate CP (69% vs. 47%; P 〈 0.01); with moderate intellectual impairment (IQ ≤ 70 〉 50) compared with severe (IQ ≤ 50) or no intellectual impairment (IQ 〉 70) (81% vs. 64% vs. 39% respectively; P 〈 0.01) and at schools for physical disability (PD) compared with severe learning disability (SLD) or mainstream (MS) schools (82% vs. 66% vs. none respectively; P 〈 0.001). After controlling for severity of motor impairment and the presence and severity of intellectual impairment, children with CP at MS schools used on average significantly less physiotherapy compared with children with similar levels of motor impairment at PD schools (P 〈 0.001).Conclusions  Children with CP in MS schools use less physiotherapy compared with children with similar levels of disability in special schools. Organizing services around special schools may limit the degree to which children with CP and other disabilities are successfully integrated into MS education.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2003.00399.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Leistungen des Hämoglobins beim Regenwurm (1929)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 10 (1929), S. 324-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zusammenfassend können wir sagen, daß unsere Untersuchungen die Meinung von Bea Schwarz bestätigt haben, daß die Bedeutung des Hb für den Stoffwechsel des Regenwurms nicht gegeben ist durch einen Sauerstoffbedarf des Tieres, der bei höheren Sauerstoffspannungen nicht durch den physikalisch im Blutplasma gelösten Sauerstoff gedeckt werden könnte. Das Eingreifen des Farbstoffes wird erst bei niederer Sauerstoffspannung nötig. Die Grenzspannung, bei der die Hb-Funktion zur Notwendigkeit wird, bestimmten wir zu 7–8%. Als eine besondere Anpassung des Regenwurms an das Leben bei niederer Sauerstoffspannung ergab sich die konstante Einstellung des Sauerstoffbedarfes der Gewebe auf eine Sauerstoffmenge, die bis zu ungefähr 7,5% durch physikalische Lösung, bis zu 2,5% durch Lösung und Bindung an das Hb gedeckt werden kann. Endlich fand sich, daß das Hb eine derartige Leistungsfähigkeit besitzt, daß noch bei 0,4% Sauerstoffdruck in der Umgebung 50% des benötigten Sauerstoffes aufgenommen werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00340637
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Haut- und die Lungenatmung von Rana temporaria (1927)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 5 (1927), S. 417-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Gezeigt wurde: 1. Die Kurven die Krogh für den Gaswechsel durch Lunge und Haut bei Rana temporaria während der verschiedenen Jahreszeiten gab, sind im allgemeinen richtig. 2. Die Kohlensäureabgabe durch die Haut ist nicht konstant, sondern zeigt ein Optimum im April und ein Minimum im Dezember. 3. Die konstante Sauerstoffaufnahme durch die Haut während des gesamten Jahres muß dadurch erklärt werden, daß hier die Diffusion als limitierender Faktor auftritt. Im Gegensatz zur Lunge sinkt dann auch die Sauerstoffaufnahme durch die Haut bei sinkender Sauerstoffspannung. 4. Die Unterschiede in der Sauerstoffaufnahme durch die Lunge sind nicht durch die Annahme direkter Wirkungen der Jahreszeiten zu erklären, sondern sind von dem Gesamtstoffwechsel abhängig, da nur die Lunge gesteigerten Ansprüchen an Sauerstoff genügen kann, wegen ihrer viel größeren Permeabilität. 5. Der respiratorische Quotient von Rana temporaria beträgt während des Monates November 0,72, was auf einen Fettstoffwechsel hinweist. Herrn Professor Jordan danken wir bestens für seine Unterstützung bei der Ausführung dieser Arbeit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338022
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incidence of congenital rubella syndrome in 19 regions of Europe in 1980–1986 (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 5 (1989), S. 106-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Rubella ; Malformation ; Europe ; Epidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-five cases of congenital rubella syndrome were recorded in 1,458,126 live births in 19 EUROCAT birth defects registries from 1980 to 1986. During the study period, the incidence declined steadily from 3.50 to 0.41 per 100,000 births. Rubella infection occurred in 12 multiparous women indicating failure in immunization programme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00145055
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