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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low density lipoprotein cholesterol: An association with the severity of diabetic retinopathy (1982)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 22 (1982), S. 167-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; lipids ; diabetic retinopathy ; cholesterol ; triglycerides ; diabetic nephropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diurnal profiles of total and lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were measured in 11 insulin-dependent diabetic subjects without retinopathy, 10 with background and 10 with proliferative retinopathy. The groups were closely matched for age and duration of diabetes. Total cholesterol levels were higher in patients with proliferative (5.6±0.5 mmol/l) than background (5.1±0.7 mmol/l) or no retinopathy (4.6±0.8 mmol/l, trend test; p 〈 0.003), due to raised levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (3.8±0.9, 3.2±0.6 and 2.8±0.8 mmol/l respectively; p 〈 0.02). High density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were similar in patients with and without retinopathy and HDL/ LDL ratios were lower with more severe retinopathy (p 〈 0.025). Cholesterol levels were similar in diabetic subjects without retinopathy and in 12 normal subjects. Triglyceride levels were not related to retinopathy and no measure of plasma lipids correlated with HbA1 or 24-h mean plasma glucose. Total and LDL cholesterol were weakly inversely correlated with creatinine clearance but the association with retinopathy was independent of this effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283746
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma N-acetyl-β,D-glucosaminidase activities and glycaemia in diabetes mellitus (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 24 (1983), S. 433-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: N-acetyl-β ; D-glucosaminidase ; hyperglycaemia ; glycosylated haemoglobin ; insulin infusion ; diurnal variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma activity of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetyl-β, D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) has been shown to correlate with hyperglycaemia; their temporal relationships have been investigated. In 12 insulin-treated male diabetic patients, NAGase showed a slight diurnal variation with a nadir at 07.00 h (F=9.54, p〈0.001). The mean plasma glucose and NAGase fluctuated similarly (rs=0.88, p〈0.01) but did not correlate within individual patients. Normoglycaemia was induced in eight insulin-treated diabetic patients for 4 days but the mean NAGase did not fall significantly. Glycaemic improvement over 3 months was achieved by dietary therapy in 28 newly-presenting non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients: there were significant falls in mean fasting plasma glucose (mean±SD: 12.8±3.3 to 8.3±3.1 mmol/l; p〈0.001), glycosylated haemoglobin levels (12.4±2.4 to 9.3±2.3%, p〈 0.001) and a corresponding decrease of NAGase (1.5±0.5 to 1.2±0.4 μmol 4-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamide released.h−1.ml−1; p〈0.001). The change in NAGase correlated with the changes in plasma glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels (r = 0.61, p〈0.025; r = 0.48, p〈0.05, respectively). Plasma NAGase activity may be influenced by glycaemia in diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257342
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HLA-related heterogeneity in seasonal patterns of diagnosis in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (1984)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 26 (1984), S. 199-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Seasonality ; Type 1 diabetes ; HLA ; aetiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary HLA type, time of year of diagnosis, and age at diagnosis were studied in 52 new cases of Type 1 diabetes in Seattle, Washington. Diagnosis was found to be seasonal in diabetic patients positive for DR3 (p〈 0.005), with the expected marked reduction in new cases during the summer months. This seasonality was not age-related (p〉0.13). Cases who were DR3-negative did not show significant seasonality of diagnosis (p〉0.5). However, when age at diagnosis was adjusted for, a seasonal effect was found in the DR3-negative group (p〈0.006), with older cases favouring a spring onset and younger cases favouring an autumn onset. Thus, DR3-positive cases showed a seasonal diagnosis pattern that did not depend on age, while DR3-negative cases showed an age-dependent seasonal pattern. These differences may reflect the predominance of different aetiological mechanisms in these two genetic groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252407
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1992)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 35 (1992), S. 98-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400860
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measuring clinical performance and outcomes from diabetes information systems: an observational study (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 836-843 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Diabetes mellitus, information systems, care provision, disease management, structured care.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. To examine changes in diabetes care provision after the introduction of a district diabetes information system.¶Methods. All patients with diabetes registered on the system between 1993 and 1998 (n = 6544) were included in the analysis. Drop-out cohort analysis was used to handle population changes, logistic regression models with general estimating equations were used to examine changes in clinical performance over time.¶Results. After the introduction of the system, care processes improved appreciably, in both primary and secondary care. The proportion of patients receiving a preventative care review within the calendar year rose from 56 % in 1993 to 67 % in 1998. The proportion of these in whom each process was completed improved in all categories from 1993 to 1998: blood pressure 96 % to 98 %; glycaemic check 67 % to 93 %; lipid check 31 % to 68 %; renal check 46 % to 87 %; fundoscopy 79 % to 92 %; foot screen 87 % to 87 %. Similarly there was an increase in the proportion of patients achieving intermediate outcome treatment targets (HbA1 c≤ 9.0 % from 29 % to 43 %; cholesterol ≤ 5.5 mmol/l 5 % to 19 %; blood pressure ≤ 160/90 37 % to 46 %).¶Conclusion/interpretation. Our results suggest appreciable improvements in diabetes care between 1993 and 1998. These changes apply to an entire population of patients across primary and shared care. We believe that these improvements could, in part, be attributable to the way in which the district diabetes information system has facilitated the structured cascade of diabetes care. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 836–843]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051458
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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