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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hearing in honeybees: operant conditioning and spontaneous reactions to airborne sound (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 168 (1991), S. 85-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Apis mellifera ; Auditory sense ; Near field sound ; Learning ; Dance language
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Airborne sound signals emitted by dancing bees (Apis mellifera) play an essential role in the bees' dance communication. It has been shown earlier that bees can learn to respond to airborne sounds in an aversive conditioning paradigm. Here we present a new training paradigm. A Y-choice situation was used to determine the frequency range and amplitude thresholds of hearing in bees. In addition, spontaneous reactions of bees to airborne sound were observed and used to determine thresholds of hearing. Both methods revealed that bees are able to detect sound frequencies up to about 500 Hz. The hearing threshold is 100–300 mm/s peak-to-peak velocity and is roughly constant over the range of detectable frequencies. The amplitude of the signals emitted in the dance language is 5 to 10 times higher, so we can conclude that bees can easily detect the dance sounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217106
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acoustical signals in the dance language of the giant honeybee, Apis dorsata (1993)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 33 (1993), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Communication ; Sound ; Asian honey bees ; Apsis dorsata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Acoustical signals emitted by dancing bees have recently been shown to transmit information about the location of food sources in the western honeybee, Apis mellifera. Towne (1985) reported that in the Asian honeybee species Apis dorsata, which builds a single comb in the open under overhanging rocks or tree branches, sound signals were not emitted by the dancers. This led to the conclusion that acoustical communication is restricted to bees that nest in the dark, like A. mellifera. Here we show that in fact A. dorsata produces dance sounds similar to those emitted by A. mellifera, and that these acoustical signals contain information about distance, direction and profitability of food sources. The acoustical transfer of information has thus evolved independently of nesting in dark cavities. The significance of nocturnal activity in Apis dorsata for the evolution of sound communication is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00171657
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of pollen foraging in honeybee colonies: effects of young brood, stored pollen, and empty space (1999)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 45 (1999), S. 227-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words Honeybees ; Apis mellifera ; Pollen foraging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pollen storage in a colony of Apis mellifera is actively regulated by increasing and decreasing pollen foraging according to the “colony's needs.” It has been shown that nectar foragers indirectly gather information about the nectar supply of the colony from nestmates without estimating the amount of honey actually stored in the combs. Very little is known about how the actual colony need is perceived with respect to pollen foraging. Two factors influence the need for pollen: the quantity of pollen stored in cells and the amount of brood. To elucidate the mechanisms of perception, we changed the environment within normal-sized colonies by adding pollen or young brood and measured the pollen-foraging activity, while foragers had either direct access to them or not. Our results show that the amount of stored pollen, young brood, and empty space directly provide important stimuli that affect foraging behavior. Different mechanisms for forager perception of the change in the environment are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650050557
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Division of labor between scouts and recruits: genetic influence and mechanisms (1998)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 43 (1998), S. 191-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words Honeybees ; Scouting ; Division of labor ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Every recruitment system in social insects requires some individuals that serve as scouts, foragers that search independently for food sources. It is not well understood which factors influence whether an individual becomes a scout or a recruit, nor how the division of labor between the two forager groups is regulated. It is shown here for honeybees (Apis mellifera), using two different molecular techniques, that there is a genetically based difference in the probability that individuals will scout independently for food. In contrast to earlier suggestions, experimental tests showed that the age of a bee does not seem to influence its probability of becoming a scout or a recruit. Furthermore, scout bees do not search opportunistically for either pollen or nectar but, rather, individuals have preferences that are genetically based. These findings are discussed in the framework of foraging regulation by specialization in honeybees and the adaptive significance of polyandry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650050480
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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