ISSN:
1432-2072
Keywords:
Amphetamine
;
Circling behavior
;
Asymmetry
;
Pavlovian conditioning
;
Sensitization
;
Placebo
;
Latent inhibition
;
Extinction
;
Reverse tolerance
;
Rat
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Medicine
Notes:
Abstract Amphetamine-induced circling behavior increases over the course of repeated administration of the drug; likewise, after repeated administration of amphetamine, an injection of saline prior to placement of the rat in the test apparatus previously associated with the pharmacologic effects of amphetamine will increase circling behavior. Experiments were designed to determine if either of these effects would respond to manipulation of the temporal contiguity between the test environment and the peak effects of amphetamine. The placebo-like response, in accordance with a Pavlovian conditioned response, was reduced by prior non-reinforced exposure to the test environment and subject to extinction. In contrast, the increase in the amphetamine-induced response was entirely dependent on the test environment but not affected by latent inhibition or extinction. These and previous findings indicate that the development and expression of the placebo-like response is the result of a Pavlovian associative process. Although amphetamine sensitization is environment dependent, it does not resemble a conditioned response in other respects.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172959
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