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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Traumatic injury to maxillary incisor teeth in a group of South Wales school children (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 6 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study examines, from photographic records, the prevalence of accidental damage to maxillary incisor teeth in a group of 968 11/12-year-old South Wales school-children; 15.3% showed evidence of trauma ranging from enamel fractures or discolouration to actual loss of a tooth. Boys (19.4%) showed a higher prevalence of trauma than girls (11%). Maxillary central incisors were the most at risk from trauma, with coronal fractures being the most commonly sustained injury. Those subjects who showed evidence of trauma had an statistically (p〈 0.001) but not clinically significantly greater overjet than did those who had none. The percentage of subjects suffering trauma increased significantly with increasing overjet, but lip incompetence did not affect the prevalence of accidental damage. Though statistically unsupported due to the small numbers involved in this cohort, it appeared that the rougher nature of boys activities and their more active participation in sports were of greater importance than the magnitude of their overjet in determining whether their teeth were at risk from trauma. In contrast, it was the magnitude of the overjet which was the dominant factor in girls. Despite the wide availability of relatively simple means of restoration and, in the majority of cases, regular dental examinations, only 14.8% of traumatised teeth had received treatment at this age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1990.tb00429.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the Trifecta obturating technique (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Dental traumatology 16 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract – The aim of this project was to evaluate and compare the radiographic quality and sealability of root fillings in extracted human teeth using lateral condensation of gutta-percha or the Trifecta obturating system. One hundred freshly extracted human mature, single-rooted teeth were divided into four identical groups of 25 teeth on the basis of root canal shape. The root canals of two groups were prepared in such a way as to produce a relatively parallel canal shape with little or no flare towards the coronal orifice. The root canals of the other two groups were prepared in such a way as to produce a canal shape that was deliberately more flared to ensure that they were wider at the orifice than at the endpoint of the preparation. All root canals were flushed with 17% EDTA solution and 2.5% NaOCl to remove the dentinal smear layer. The canals of one flared and one parallel group were obturated using cold lateral condensation and the canals of the other two groups were obturated using the Trifecta system. The sealability of each technique was assessed by a dye penetration method. The radiographic quality of obturation was determined for each canal using a 4-point scale. Canals filled with thermoplasticised gutta-percha had significantly less apical dye penetration than those obturated by lateral condensation (P〈0.001). Lateral condensation achieved significantly better scores for radiographic quality than thermoplasticised gutta-percha from both the bucco-lingual (P〈0.001) and the mesio-distal views (P〈0.001). Root canals obturated using the Trifecta technique showed significantly more apical extrusion of sealer than those obturated by lateral condensation (P〈0.001). Under laboratory conditions the Trifecta technique had better sealability but poorer radiographic quality than lateral condensation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-9657.2000.016002075.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The production of secondary caries-like lesions on cavity walls and the assessment of microleakage using an in vitro microbial caries system (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 17 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to assess microleakage along restored cavity walls using a new in vitro microbial technique. Extracted human teeth containing cavities restored with a microfine posterior composite were incubated in broth inoculated with a single strain of Streptococcus mutans for 10 days, using a sequential batch culture technique. Each margin of the cavities was finished in one of three ways: butt joint and etching; butt joint and no etching, or; bevel joint and etching. The assessment of microleakage was achieved by examining sections of the teeth histologically using polarized light for the presence or absence of caries-like cavity wall lesions. Outer (surface) lesions were also examined and displayed the characteristic zones of early natural caries lesions. The cavity wall lesions were observed as a translucent zone in 31% of butt and unetched margins, 16% of butt and etched margins, and 5% of bevelled and etched margins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1990.tb01428.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of alterations in horizontal X-ray beam angulation and bucco-lingual cavity width on the radiographic depth of approximal cavities (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effects of changes in horizontal X-ray beam angulation and different cavity shape on images of approximal cavities on bite-wing radiographs were examined using a laboratory model. Cylindrical-, rectangular- and cone-shaped bur cut cavities were prepared in the approximal surfaces of 108 teeth and their depth determined using silicone putty impressions. Spacial relationships were controlled by fixing specimens into perspex blocks. Standardized radiographs were taken at baseline (0°) and then using pre-angled wedges to imitate horizontal X-ray beam movements of 5, 10 and 15° in both mesial and distal directions. Radiographic cavity depth to the nearest 0·1 mm was measured. Over the range of X-ray beam movements, more than 72% of cavities deepened compared to baseline. As bucco-lingual cavity width increased the magnitude of the depth change increased. For some cylindrical cavities increases equating to 200% over baseline were seen; in some rectangular cavities increases of up to 400% over baseline occurred. The present study suggests that changes in irradiation geometry from baseline are likely to result in a cavity appearing to deepen. In a clinical context over-treatment is therefore the most likely outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.1999.00370.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro plaque formation on commonly used dental materials (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 9 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An in vitro method has been developed for the study of microbial plaque formation on commonly used dental restorative materials. Standard samples of the materials to be studied are suspended in a complex culture medium inoculated with a bacterial suspension. The samples are transferred daily into freshly inoculated medium for a total of 4 days. The resultant microbial plaques are then graded, weighed and assessed for a number of colony forming units (viable count).In this preliminary experiment samples of amalgam, composite cement, gold and porcelain were examined. Significantly less plaque was formed on amalgam than on any of the other materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1982.tb01030.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automated thermatic condensation of gutta-percha root fillings in teeth with open (immature) apices (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 12 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Forty upper human premolar teeth with open (immature) apices were root filled by one of three methods, namely lateral condensation with sealer, automated thermatic condensation with sealer, and automated thermatic condensation without sealer. The completed root fillings were then assessed for apical defects, apical extrusions, radiographic voids, apical seal and surface adaptation. The majority of the results indicate that the automated thermatic technique without sealer produces marginally better root fillings in teeth with open apices than the other two methods. However, it is impossible to say whether this would confer any clinical advantage on the technique.The authors recommend that clinicians who wish to use the automated thermatic technique for condensing gutta-percha become highly proficient before its use on patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1985.tb01286.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro plaque formation on dental amalgam (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 11 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A previously described method for the study of in vitro microbial plaque formation on dental materials has been utilized to assess microbial adhesion and growth on five commercially available dental amalgams.Variations in both the amount and viability of the microbial plaques was found between the various types of amalgams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1984.tb00607.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiographic alveolar bone loss from posterior teeth in young adults over a 4-year period (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 22 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this study was to determine alveolar bone loss from premolar and molar teeth in young adults over a 4-year period between the ages of 15-16 years and 19-20 years. Pairs of posterior bitewing radiographs from 382 subjects aged 15-16 years were examined and the height of the alveolar bone adjacent to mesial and distal tooth surfaces recorded. Repeat radiographs of the same individuals taken 4 years later were then examined and the height of the alveolar bone remeasured. Change in bone height over the study period was computed for individual sites. Clinical data for the cohort were also obtained at both examinations and included plaque score, bleeding on probing and probing depth, or the 3314 sites, 16.7% exhibited bone gain, 4.5% exhibited no change whilst 78.8% demonstrated bone loss. The overall mean bone loss for all sites combined was 0.407 mm. Bone loss less than 0.5 mm was found in 36% of sites, bone loss between 0.5 and 0.99 mm in 33% of sites whilst only 0.5% of sites had bone loss greater than 2 mm. Only one site had bone loss greater than 3 mm. Bone loss was affected significantly by subject (p 〈 0.05) and by site (p 〈 0.05) but there was no significant effect for tooth type, whether the surface was mesial or distal or between quadrants. There was significantly more bone loss from around maxillary teeth than mandibular (p 〈 0.05). There were no significant associations between bone loss and plaque score, bleeding on probing, pocket depth, gender or social class.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01781.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiographic evaluation of early periodontal bone loss in adolescents (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 19 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A number of studies have used radiographs to establish the prevalence of periodontal bone loss in adolescents, though widely differing findings have been reported. It is likely that such disparity of results can largely be attributed to the variety of criteria used to determine the presence of disease, some of which are highly subjective. In addition, a number of factors may affect the radiographic appearance of commonly chosen reference points. If epidemiological studies are to be interpreted correctly, it is important to examine these areas and, in particular, to determine the most objective means of recording disease in this age group. From a review of the literature, it would seem that assessments based on the radiographic distance between the amelo-cemental junction and the alveolar crest are the least subjective, yet whether this should be greater than 2 mm or 3 mm before bone loss is recorded, is still debated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00663.x
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