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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of Na+ in the fish pathogen, Vibrio anguillarum, under energy depleted condition (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 234 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Vibrio anguillarum kills various kinds of fish over salinities ranging from seawater to freshwater. In this study, we investigated the role of Na+ in V. anguillarum, especially under energy-depleted conditions such as in natural seawater. V. angustum S14, which is a typical marine vibrio, was used for comparison. V. anguillarum only required Na+ for starvation-survival, but in contrast, V. angustum S14 always required Na+ for both growth and starvation-survival. In marine vibrios, Na+ is used in the Na+-dependent respiratory chain that produces the sodium motive force (SMF) across the cell membrane. It has been considered that marine vibrios always need a SMF produced by Na+, however in the case of V. anguillarum, the SMF is not required for growth, but becomes more important for starvation-survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2004.tb09528.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response to low osmotic stress in a fish pathogen, Vibrio anguillarum (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 22 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Low osmotic stress responses of the fish pathogen, Vibrio anguillarum, were investigated and characterized with regard to changes in cell density and cation type in natural lake water (aged lake water, ALW) and MilliQ water (MQW). This pathogen showed higher survival (% CFU) in ALW than in MQW at all the examined cell densities (106–109 CFU ml−1). Higher resistance in ALW was partially due to divalent cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ present in ALW. It was also observed that addition of the supernatant, which was obtained from the pre-suspension of V. anguillarum cells in ALW, significantly increased the survival of the pathogen in ALW. This indicated that the extracellular substance(s) released from the pathogen also played an effective role(s) for survival in ALW. Thus, divalent cations and cell density assist the pathogen, V. anguillarum, to overcome the low osmotic stress in natural freshwater environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1997.tb00374.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of Na+-dependent respiratory chain in Vibrio anguillarum, a fish pathogen, in comparison with other marine Vibrios (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 44 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The activity of membrane-bound NADH oxidase of Vibrio anguillarum M93 (serotype J-O-1), which causes vibriosis in freshwater area was activated by Na+ in the same manner as other marine Vibrios. However, in addition to Na+, K+ was also found to positively enhance the NADH oxidase activity of strain M93. This tendency has not been recognized in other marine Vibrios. Furthermore, the Na+-dependent NADH oxidase of strain M93 required less Na+ (0.1 M) for its maximum activity than those of other Vibrios such as Vibrio alginolyticus and ‘Vibrio angustum’ S14, which were in the range of 0.4 M NaCl, similar as seawater. Destruction of H+ motive force by a proton conductor carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) revealed high dependency of V. anguillarum on the primary H+ pump. Even at pH 8.5, V. anguillarum strains other than serotype O-4 could not grow well with the addition of CCCP. In contrast, marine-type Vibrios such as V. alginolyticus and V. angustum S14 can grow well at pH 8.5 even with the addition of CCCP. The lower requirement for Na+ in V. anguillarum probably reflects the salinity of their original habitats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6496(03)00031-X
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oligotrophic properties of heterotrophic bacteria and in situ heterotrophic activity in pelagic seawates (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 73 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of heterotrophic bacteria in polluted coastal and unpolluted pelagic seawaters was studied using a 14C-MPN method with either five of seven kinds of 14C-organic compounds as substrates. The total number of heterotrophic bacteria in pelagic waters ranged from 9.2 × 103 to 5.4. ? 104 cell/ml and more than 85% of the heterotrophic bacteria were represented by obligate oligotrophs. In coastal waters, the number of heterotrophs was one order of magnitude higher (av. 3.5 ? 105 cells/ml), and eutrophic and facultatively oligotrophic bacteria were predominant. Oligotrophs in pelagic waters had a high specificity for the utilization of amino acids, especially glycine, and acetate-utilizing bacteria were scarce. The in situ maximum uptake rates of glutamate and glycine were much higher than those of glycolate and acetate. Acetate uptake rates were extremely low or not detectable in pelagic waters. The specificity of uptake kinetics is assumed to depend on the existence of obligate oligotrophs as dominant bacteria in pelagic seawater.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03921.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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