Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EEG effects of subcutaneous and intracerebroventricular injections of arginine vasopressin in the rat (1985)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 87 (1985), S. 430-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Arginine vasopressin ; EEG ; Spectral analysis ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Several studies have suggested that arginine vasopressin (AVP) may act centrally as a neurohormone or neuromodulator to produce electrophysiological and behavioral effects. However, there are few reports of EEG effects of AVP in unanesthetized, behaving animals. In the present study the EEG effects of “behaviorally relevant” subcutaneous (SC) doses of AVP (6 μg/kg) known to raise blood pressure were compared to “behaviorally relevant” intracerebroventricular (ICV) doses (0.1–1.0 ng) and multiple “toxic” ICV doses (1.0 μg) of AVP. Central injections of toxic doses of AVP produced behavioral arrest, bodily barrel rolling, and EEG slowing, but did not induce electrographic signs of seizure activity. Comparison of the spectral characteristics of the EEG revealed some similarities in the distribution of power between SC and the 1.0 ng ICV dose; whereas ICV doses of 0.1 and 0.5 ng produced power distributions that were different from those seen following saline or SC doses of AVP. The similarities in EEG activity between SC injections and the 1.0 ng ICV dose suggest a common brain state may be induced by the two routes of administration in those dose ranges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432508
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF): studies in alcohol preferring and non-preferring rats (1992)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 106 (1992), S. 359-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Alcohol-preferring rats ; Electroencephalogram (EEG) ; Spectral analysis ; Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) ; Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Electroencephalographic (EEG) responses to corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) as well as CRF concentrations in several brain regions were measured in two lines of rats which have been genetically selected for alcohol preferring (P) or non-preferring (NP) behaviors. Fifteen rats were implanted with chronic electrodes and EEG spectra were evaluated following intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of CRF (0.15 nmol) or saline. P rats demonstrated a significantly increased EEG response to CRF in the theta frequency range (ANOVA: PREF × DRUG 4–6 Hz,P〈0.03; 6–8 Hz,P〈0.05) in frontal cortex. A significantly lower concentration of CRF was found in the P rats in hypothalamus (P〈0.02), amygdala (P〈0.003), prefrontal cortex (P〈0.01), and cingulate cortex (P〈0.02). The finding that P rats had an increased response to exogenously administered CRF, taken together with decreased CRF concentrations, suggests that CRF receptors may be up-regulated in these animals. Differences in the regulation of CRF neurons may contribute to the expression of behavioral preference for ethanol consumption in these rat lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245418
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of oral ethanol self-administration on the EEG of alcohol preferring and -nonpreferring rats (1993)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 113 (1993), S. 60-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Alcohol-preferring and -nonpreferring rats ; EEG spectral analysis ; Ethanol self-administration ; P and NP rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract EEG measures have been shown to differ in human subjects who are at genetically increased risk for the development of alcoholism. In the present study, EEG was recorded in rats that were selectively bred for alcohol-preferring (P) and nonpreferring (NP) behaviors during an ethanol self-administration paradigm. In this paradigm, rats initially learned to press a lever for a 0.2% saccharin solution. Ethanol was then added to the saccharin solution in increasing concentrations while saccharin was faded progressively. EEG recordings were analyzed under three different conditions: baseline, 0.2% saccharin and 10% ethanol. Statistical analyses were carried out within each group of rats for three 10-min intervals in each condition. NP rats showed increases in EEG power in the 6–32 Hz frequency ranges 20–30 min following ethanol availability. In contrast, no significant EEG effects were found for P rats in the 10% ethanol condition with respect to time. EEG power in the three time periods (0–10, 10–20, 20–30 min) was also compared between conditions (baseline, saccharin, 10% ethanol). For NP rats, a significant increase in EEG power during the 20–30 min time interval was found in the 10% ethanol session for the 16–32 Hz frequency range as compared to baseline and saccharin. In P rats, a significant increase in the power of the EEG was found during the first 10 min in the 10% ethanol session in the 8–16 Hz frequency range as compared to baseline and saccharin. The two rat lines also differed in their behavioral responses to the self-administration paradigm. In the ethanol condition, P rats appeared behaviorally aroused during the first 10 min of recording as compared to baseline and saccharin, whereas the NP rats were behaviorally quiescent during the 20–30 min period following ethanol availability. These experiments demonstrate that P and NP rats exhibit different electrophysiological and behavioral responses during exposure to ethanol self-administration paradigms. P rats appeared to be activated initially by ethanol availability whereas NP rats eventually reduced their behavioral activity. These findings may help to further characterize the brain substrates responsible for the difference in alcohol preference between the two rat lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244335
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are some of the effects of ethanol mediated through NPY? (1998)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 139 (1998), S. 136-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Ethanol ; NPY ; ERP ; Frontal cortex ; Amygdala
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Central administration of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in low concentrations has been shown to produce anxiolysis and suppression of locomotor activity, a behavioral profile not dissimilar to that of ethanol. The present study was conducted to ascertain whether NPY and ethanol have similar electrophysiological profiles and to evaluate the combined actions of NPY and ethanol. Eighty-five Wistar rats were stereotaxically implanted with electrodes aimed at dorsal hippocampus, amygdala, and frontal cortex. Rats were administered NPY [or saline (SAL)] intracerebroventricularly (ICV) whereas the doses of alcohol (or SAL) were given intraperitoneally (IP). Two doses of alcohol (0.75, 1.5 g/kg) and two doses of NPY (1, 3 nmol) were given alone and in combination. Drug effects were assessed using event related potentials (ERP) recorded in response to an auditory ”oddball” plus noise paradigm between 30 and 40 min post-drug. Multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) revealed that NPY produced a significant decrease in the amplitude and increase in the latency of the N1 component in cortex and a decrease in the amplitude of the P3 component in amygdala, but no overall effects in hippocampus. Ethanol produced identical effects to NPY on the N1 and P3 components of the ERP in cortex and amygdala. Combined administration of EtOH and NPY (1 nmol) produced effects equivalent to those seen following the higher doses of NPY (3 nmol) or EtOH (1.5 g/kg). These studies demonstrate that NPY and ethanol have a similar electrophysiological profile. In addition, the combined administration of NPY and ethanol produced additive effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050698
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the neurophysiological effects of allopregnanolone and ethanol in rats (2000)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 149 (2000), S. 351-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Allopregnanolone ; Ethanol ; EEG ; Event-related potential ; Cortex ; Amygdala
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Rationale: The central nervous system actions of allopregnanolone (3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one) and ethanol are at least partially mediated by modulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A receptors. Although ethanol and allopregnanolone have similar behavioral effects, their macro-electrophysiological profiles have not been directly compared. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of allopregnanolone and ethanol on the electroencephalogram (EEG) and event-related potentials (ERPs). Methods: Male Wistar rats were implanted with cortical and amygdalar electrodes. The rats were then administered allopregnanolone (0.0–10 mg/kg), ethanol (0.0–1.0 g/kg), or a combination of the two before recording. Results: Allopregnanolone and ethanol had similar effects on ERPs. When administered alone, both decreased cortical P1-N1 ERP amplitude by 25–50% and N1 amplitude in the amygdala by 75–80%. Combined administration of ethanol (0.50 g/kg) and allopregnanolone (5.0 mg/kg), doses which were ineffective alone, decreased N1 amplitude in the amygdala by 60%. Allopregnanolone and ethanol had dissimilar EEG effects. Allopregnanolone increased high frequency power in the cortex and amygdala by 25–30%. Ethanol decreased cortical and amygdalar power in the same high frequency bands by 25–45%. Allo- pregnanolone, but not ethanol, also shifted cortical frequency in the 32- to 50-Hz band. Combined administration of allopregnanolone and ethanol had no effect on EEG power but enhanced allopregnanolone’s effect on cortical frequency. Conclusions: These data suggest that allopregnanolone’s macro-electrophysiological profile resembles barbiturates and benzodiazepines more than ethanol. Further, the interactions of allopregnanolone and ethanol appear complex, with multiple effects observed (enhancement or reversal) depending on the neurophysiological variable assessed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002139900365
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of neurotensin on EEG and event-related potentials in the rat (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 118 (1995), S. 410-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amygdala ; Dorsal hippocampus ; ERPs Neuropeptides ; Nucleus accumbens ; Spectral power
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Neurotensin has neuromodulatory actions on multiple brain functions including motor, sensory and limbic processes. However, little is known about how neurotensin affects general arousal and/or attention states. The present study evaluated the effects of neurotensin on spontaneous brain activity as well as auditory evoked responses using electrophysiological measures. Electroencephalographic and event-related potential recordings were obtained in awake animals following intracerebroventricular administration of neurotensin (1.0, 10.0 and 30.0 µg). Twenty rats were implanted with recording electrodes in the frontal cortex, dorsal hippocampus, amygdala and nucleus accumbens. Neurotensin was found to produce a dose-related effect on behavior and electrophysiological measures. Lower doses (10 µg) produced no obvious behavioral changes, but significantly reduced EEG power in the lower frequency ranges (2–6 Hz) in the frontal cortex, the anterior amygdaloid complex and the nucleus accumbens. At higher doses (30 µg), rats appeared behaviorally inactivated, and EEG power was reduced in all structures in both the lower frequency ranges (2–6 Hz) and the higher frequency ranges (8–32 Hz). Auditory processing, as assessed by event-related potentials, was affected most significantly in amygdala and dorsal hippocampus. In the amygdala, the amplitude of the P3 component of the auditory event-related potential was increased significantly by doses of 10.0 and 30.0 µg. In the dorsal hippocampus, the amplitude and the area of the N1 component was increased dose dependently and significance was reached at the 30 µg dose. These electrophysiological findings indicate that neurotensin does not reduce the arousal level of the animals and in fact may enhance neurosensory processing in limbic areas through increased arousal and/or enhanced stimulus evaluation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245941
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EEG and ERP response to chronic ethanol exposure in rats (1991)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 104 (1991), S. 67-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Ethanol ; EEG ; Spectral analysis ; ERP ; Alcoholism ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chronic ethanol exposure has been described in humans to produce a series of long and short term electrophysiological consequences. Interpretation of the electrophysiological findings in human subjects, however, is made difficult due to concomitant factors, such as nutritional status, premorbid functioning and differences in genetic susceptibility to the effects of ethanol. In the present study, electroencephalograms (EEGs) and auditory event related potentials (ERPs) were utilized to explore the short and longer term effects of chronic ethanol exposure in rats. Rats were continuously exposed to ethanol vapors for a period for 1 month. This treatment produced a mean blood ethanol level of 178 ± 13.86 mg%. EEGs and ERPs were subsequently collected at 10 min, 24 h, and 2 weeks following termination of ethanol exposure. Significant changes in the EEGs and ERPs of these rats could be demonstrated. EEG amplitude increases, as quantified by spectral analysis, were most prominent at the 24h time period, perhaps reflecting a state of “rebound excitability”. EEG responses were normalized in ethanol-treated rats by 2 weeks post-withdrawal. In contrast, reductions in the N1 and P2 amplitudes of the rat ERPs were prominent after chronic ethanol exposure and following 2 weeks withdrawal, suggesting that ethanol may produce some longer term effects on response to ERP stimuli. Taken together, these studies suggest that ethanol may produce differential effects on EEG and ERPs and that this model may provide a useful substrate for the evaluation of the mechanisms underlying the effects of chronic ethanol exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244556
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long latency event related potentials in rats: The effects of changes in stimulus parameters and neurochemical lesions (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 88 (1992), S. 61-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Event-related potentials ; hippocampus ; cortex ; P300 ; norepinephrine ; selective attention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Animal models of event related potentials (ERPs) have recently been developed in order to gain further understanding of the psychobiological variables which may underlie these brain potentials. In the present study, unanaesthetized rats were utilized in order to evaluate the effects on rat ERP morphology of changes in the auditory stimulus parameters used to elicit these potentials such as tone probability and intensity. In addition, the consequences of reductions in norepinephrine (NE) produced by six-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions to the area of the dorsal noradrenergic bundle in ERP wave forms were evaluated. Forty, experimentally naive, male rats chronically implanted with electrodes were used in this study. The results of these studies showed that in all electrode sites (frontal cortex, ventral thalamus, dorsal hippocampus, locus coeruleus) a series of large amplitude potentials in the 10–200 msec latency range could be recorded, some of which were sensitive to changes in the auditory stimulus parameters such as probability and tone intensity. Late positive potentials in the 300–400 msec range could be identified in recordings from the dorsal hippocampus and were found to be sensitive to probability independent of tone intensity. Dorsal noradrenergic bundle lesions were also found to produce significant changes in these rat ERP components. Lesioned animals were found to have increases in amplitude to the early negative potentials (in the 50–100 msec range) in response to frequent tones in cortical leads and decreases in the amplitude of the late positive potentials (in the 300–400 msec range) recorded in hippocampal leads in response to infrequent tones. These findings are consistent with a role for NE in the forebrain in the processing of novel or “selective” stimuli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01245037
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...