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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 3 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A theoretical development based on a simple physical model is proposed to help the designer predict high strain multi-axial fatigue behaviour. This approach hypothesises that the maximum shear strain γ*, on planes driving the crack through the thickness, controls the fatigue crack propagation rate and hence the life. The direct strain δ*n acting normal to the plane of γ* can exert a secondary modifying influence. Experimental results from several research laboratories have been analysed in this manner with some success.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 15 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Tests have been carried out on a 1 Cr-Mo-V steel at 565°C to describe creep crack initiation in two notched geometries. From metallographic observation the initiation times were observed to be approx. 8 and 13% of rupture lives for the sharp slit and blunter notch shapes, respectively. Based on only a few tests a relationship between the initiation time ti and the creep crack parameter J* was found to be of the form ti(J*)0.67= constant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The influence of hydrodynamic pressure on fatigue crack growth rates has been investigated. It was shown that the effects were small but beneficial, effectively reducing the stress intensity range. A theoretical model has been developed which successfully predicted the trends and approximate magnitudes of reductions in fatigue crack growth rates for a range of test conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 17 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Isothermal and thermal-mechanical strain fatigue tests were conducted in air on representative service alloys; a 1 CrMoV steel, and two batches of 316 stainless steel. Data was obtained for thermal-mechanical in-phase and out-of-phase cycles, and also for isothermal tests at the maximum, minimum, and mid-temperature of the thermal-mechanical cycle. Dwell periods were also incorporated in the cycle to assess their effects.A comparative evaluation has been made on the basis of the materials' cyclic stress response. In general, the results have shown that the thermal-mechanical strain cycling tests cause a large increase in stress range over those tested under isothermal conditions at maximum temperature. In addition, mean stress and strain offsets were developed in continuous cycle thermal-mechanical tests, whereas negligible offsets occurred in isothermal tests.It appears that the response of the materials could not always simply be explained by reference to the temperature change itself.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 14 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Cyclic tests, with and without dwell periods, were carried out at temperatures of 750, 850 and 1000°C on a cast nickel base super alloy MAR M002. The cracking mechanism was mainly transgranular in the continuous cycle tests. The incorporation of a tensile dwell had little effect on life compared with the continuous cycle data though there was a significant amount of additional internal intergranular cracking. However, an unbalanced compressive dwell at 750 and 850°C caused a shorter life with transgranular cracking: only at 1000°C was the life not reduced. Prediction of life was attempted by means of what were thought to be three of the more promising methods, i.e. ductility exhaustion, crack propagation and hysteresis energy. However, these did not appear to be accurate, and it is clear that more appropriate base line data are required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 14 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— An advanced nickel base alloy, MAR MOO2, was subject to creep-fatigue, strain controlled, cycling at temperatures of 750, 850 and 1000°C. Under continuous cycling the alloy exhibited cyclic stability at 750 and 850°C but not at 1000°C. The presence of a tensile or compressive dwell caused softening at 750 and 850°C compared with the pure fatigue case. At 1000°C a tensile dwell caused slight hardening and a compression dwell caused cyclic softening. The stress response for a balanced, tensile plus compressive, dwell was similar to that for continuous cycling. Unbalanced tensile dwells produced significant compressive mean stresses and compressive dwells resulted in large tensile mean stresses at 750 and 850°C. However, at 1000°C no significant mean stresses were produced whatever cycle was used. Stress relaxation behaviour was similar for both tensile-only and compressive-only dwells. In the balanced case the amount of stress relaxation was double that in each dwell of an unbalanced cycle. Reliable predictions of stress relaxation were possible using stress exponents from available creep data and the Gittus equation. Severe ageing (104 h at 1000°C) does not destroy the cyclic stability of the alloy although some softening occurred in the compression-only dwell at 850°C. Tentative explanations for the observed stress response in terms of dislocation-precipitate interactions have been suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack growth rate data have been obtained, for both positive and negative R stress ratios, in pressurised and unpressurised oil and in inert argon gas. Expected results show that for negative R the rate data should be correlated against the tensile stress intensity range. For tension-compression loading constant hydrostatic pressure has a detrimental effect increasing the tensile stress intensity range. For tension-tension loading constant hydrostatic pressure has a beneficial effect decreasing crack growth rates. A simple theoretical model has been proposed which describes these trends.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 17 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The biaxial fatigue behaviour of two batches of a structural steel, termed isotropic and anisotropic batches, is examined. Tests were carried out using thin-walled hollow specimens subjected to axial load and internal and external pressure. The fatigue life of the isotropic batch is found to be about two to three times greater than the fatigue life of the anisotropic material. The ratio however is found to be dependent on the degree of biaxiality. Three equivalent strain parameters were used to correlate the fatigue lives, octahedral strain, Brown-Miller and Lohr-Ellison parameters. The difference between the theories are compared and the relation between the shear strain orientation and failure is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 17 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Thermal-mechanical cyclic strain tests were carried out under in-phase and out-of-phase conditions on a ferritic 1 CrMoV steel in the temperature range 315 to 565°C and two different batches of a 316 stainless steel in the temperature range 400 to 625°C. The results were compared with isothermal data.In general, lives for in-phase thermal-mechanical tests were lower than for equivalent isothermal tests. This was substantiated by metallographic examination which indicated greater intergranular damage for the in-phase specimens. The addition of a tensile dwell to the in-phase condition caused even greater differences.Three life prediction methods were used: the ductility exhaustion and a modified strain range partitioning approach gave reasonable estimates of life, whilst the linear life fraction method produced poor prediction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 3 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A test facility has been developed in which a thin walled tube can be subjected to fully reversed fatigue cycles for all biaxial stress or strain ratios. Twin loop servo-control allied to high resolution gauge length extensometry, load and pressure transducers permits stress or strain controlled testing. The rig is unique in that cyclic stress-strain hysteresis loops can be obtained for both axial and circumferential directions during a test.Results from a strain controlled series of low cycle fatigue tests on a ferritic 1Cr-Mo-V steel obeyed the Manson-Coffin relationship with the exponent being sensibly constant for all strain ratios. For a given maximum principal biaxial strain, the damaging effect increased as the strain ratio φ increased from –1 to +1. By comparing results from solid and hollow cylindrical specimens, geometry effects on fatigue life were revealed. Data on shakedown and cyclic softening under biaxial strain conditions were also obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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