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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Interferon-α/β Responses of Mice to Herpes Simplex Virus Studied at the Blood and Tissue Level In Vitro and In Vivo (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Murine mononuclear leucocytes from bone marrow, spleen, lymph node and blood stimulated in vitro by UV-irradiated Herpes simplex type I virus (HSV) produced about equal proportions of IFN-α and -β determined by immunoassay. Thymocytes produced only IFN-α. The frequency of IFN-α/β mRNA containing cells detected by in situ hybridization was highest with bone marrow (15 per 104 cells), followed by spleen (4/104), lymph node (2/104), blood (1/104) and thymus (0.2/104). Such IFN-α/β producing cells (IPCs) were heavily labelled in autoradiographs, each producing about 0.4 U of IFN. After one intravenous injection of UV-irradiated HSV in mice, high levels of IFN-α and -β were present in blood at 3–9 h and little or none at 24 h or later. Frequent cells strongly positive for IFN-α mRNA at in situ hybridization and for IFN-α/β at immunohistochemical staining were found almost exclusively in the marginal zones of spleens. Occasional IPCs were detected in lymph nodes but not in bone marrow, liver and kidneys. The marginal zone IPCs may be the major source of IFN in blood, and high splenic levels of IFN-α/β should have efficient antiviral and immunoregulatory functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-62.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of Interferon-α/β by Murine Dendritic Cell Lines Stimulated by Virus and Bacteria (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 46 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The interferon-α and -β (IFN-α/β) producing ability of the two murine dendritic cell (DC) lines D2SC/1 and FSDC was studied. The D2SC/1 cells produced IFN-α and -β when stimulated by herpes simplex virus (HSV), Sendai virus (SV) or by the bacteria Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I. Precultivating (priming) D2SC/1 cells with recombinant IFN-β or a combination of IFN-β and granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor increased production of IFN-α/β induced by HSV or the bacteria, but not by SV. Also, the kinetics of IFN-α/β responses were different for SV compared to HSV and the bacteria, suggesting different induction mechanisms. The FSDC cells differed from the D2SC/1 cells mainly in that predominantly IFN-β was produced, that little or no IFN-α/β production was induced by the bacteria, and that the IFN-α/β responses were most efficiently primed by IFN-γ. Priming the DC lines with tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-10 (IL-10) or IL-4 did not affect the IFN-α/β response induced by HSV. The results show that the two DC lines provide a convenient tool to study the induction and control of the IFN-α/β response, as well as the immunoregulatory role of IFN-α/β produced by DC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-120.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of toremifene in the rat
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 36 (1990), S. 211-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4731
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022-4731(90)90007-F
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow Cytometric Analysis of Natural Interferon-α Producing Cells (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 34 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Herpes simplex virus-infected cells induce high interferon-a (IFN-α) production in infrequent cells among peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), designated natural IFN-a producing (NIP) cells. The properties of such NIP cells were compared with defined populations of leucocytes by means of flow cytometric analysis and sorting. The NIP cells are characterized as a discrete population of cells with high forward and low to intermediate orthogonal light scattering, similar to that of early progenitors of myeloid and lymphoid cells. However, they appear lo lack the stem cell-associated molecule CD34. Furthermore, NIP cells cannot be localized to the myeloid line of cell differentiation, because they do not express the CD33. CD 13, CD11b, CD15 or CD14 antigens. Neither do they express CDIO and CD19 antigens which are present in all stages of B-cell differentiation plasma cells excepted, nor CD7 antigens expressed on early T cells. In combination with previous results, our data support the view that the NIP cell is a unique and distinct cell type in peripheral blood, possibly with a physiological role in the defence against certain viral infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01580.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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