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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetospheric plasma analyzer for spacecraft with constrained resources (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 1026-1033 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A light-weight, low-power, plasma analyzer is described that can be used for measuring the plasma environments of spacecraft with constrained resources. A unique system using a single electrostatic analyzer coupled to a single array of channel electron multipliers allows measurement of the three-dimensional energy per charge distributions of both ions and electrons over E/q ranges from ∼1 eV/q to (approximately-greater-than)40 keV/q. Particles selected by the analyzer are post-accelerated into the multipliers to maintain sensitivity for the lowest energy particles. An instrument using this concept called the magnetospheric plasma analyzer (MPA) is described. Presently, three MPAs are in geosynchronous orbits (GEO) aboard spacecraft with International Designators of 1989-046, 1990-095, and 1991-080. The MPA and its response characteristics are described, and examples of on-orbit data showing some of the MPA capabilities are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144173
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pioneer magnetometer observations of the Venus bow shock (1979)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 282 (1979), S. 815-816 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The orbit of the Pioneer Venus spacecraft is inclined at 105 to the ecliptic plane with periapsis at a latitude of 17N and at an altitude of 150 km. This orbital geometry provides shock crossings principally at solar zenith angles of greater than 60. Figure 1 shows several recent shock crossings ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/282815a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of magnetic flux ropes in the Venus ionosphere (1979)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 279 (1979), S. 616-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Magnetic field enhancements observed within the ionosphere shortly after periapsis (at 1431.56) on orbit 3 of Pioneer Venus. Before and after this interval, the characteristic ionospheric field strength is less than 10 nT, while the peak field just outside the ionopause is -55 nT. Fig. 2 a, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/279616a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma acceleration at the Earth's magnetopause: evidence for reconnection (1979)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 282 (1979), S. 243-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A characteristic of magnetic field reconnection is the acceleration of plasma as it flows across a rotational discontinuity. At the Earth's magnetopause this effect has only been observed recently during a few magnetopause crossings by the ISEE satellites. For one example analysed in detail ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/282243a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An unusual interplanetary event: encounter with a comet? (1983)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 305 (1983), S. 612-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Figure 1 shows the magnetic field observed by Pioneer Venus over a 24-h period on 10 and 11 February 1982. The data are displayed in solar ecliptic coordinates with the jc-axis pointing towards the Sun and the z-axis pointing towards the ecliptic pole. The lighter trace on these plots shows ISEE3 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/305612a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initial ISEE magnetometer results: magnetopause observations (1978)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 22 (1978), S. 681-715 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The magnetic field profiles across the magnetopause obtained by the ISEE-1 and -2 spacecraft separated by only a few hundred kilometers are examined for four passes. During one of these passes the magnetosheath field was northward, during one it was slightly southward, and in two it was strongly southward. The velocity of the magnetopause is found to be highly irregular ranging from 4 to over 40 km s-1 and varying in less time than it takes for a spacecraft to cross the boundary. Thicknesses ranged from 500 to over 1000 km. Clear evidence for reconnection is found in the data when the magnetosheath field is southward. However, this evidence is not in the form of classic rotational discontinuity signatures. Rather, it is in the form of flux transfer events, in which reconnection starts and stops in a matter of minutes or less, resulting in the ripping off of flux tubes from the magnetosphere. Evidence for flux transfer events can be found both in the magnetosheath and the outer magnetosphere due to their alteration of the boundary normal. In particular, their presence at the time of magnetopause crossings invalidates the usual 2-dimensional analysis of magnetopause structure. Not only are these flux transfer events probably the dominant means of reconnection on the magnetopause, but they may also serve as an important source of magnetopause oscillations, and hence of pulsations in the outer magnetosphere. On two days the flux transfer rate was estimated to be of the order of 2 × 1012 Maxwells per second by the flux transfer events detected at ISEE. Events not detectable at ISEE and continued reconnection after passage of an FTE past ISEE could have resulted in an even greater reconnection rate at these times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212619
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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