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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of anal electrostimulation with the‘Incontan’ device in women with urinary incontinence (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 94 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. An integrated, automatic electrical stimulator has been developed to treat urinary incontinence. A group of 121 women with either stress-, motor urge- or mixed incontinence was selected for treatment, but 23 discontinued the treatment within 3 months and were excluded from the study. In the study group of 98 women, anal stimulation was applied for an average of 9 months (range 3–36 months). Between 9 and 36 months after the treatment was completed, 91% were either continent or had improved significantly, but in 9% the stimulation had no effect. Significant improvement occurred on clinical and urodynamic testing. There were no serious side-effects. Intra-anal electrostimulation therapy provides an alternative to surgery in patients with stress incontinence, and could be the first choice of treatment in women with combined stress and motor urge incontinence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb02342.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GEDNAP IV and V. The 4th and 5th stain blind trials using DNA technology (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 108 (1995), S. 79-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: GEDNAP IV ; GEDNAP V ; RFLP systems PCR systems ; Bloodstains
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract In the collaborative exercise GEDNAP IV one EDTA blood sample (2 ml) and 5 bloodstains (0.5 ml on cotton) were investigated and in GEDNAP V, a total of 8 bloodstains (0.5 m1 on cotton), including 2 mixed bloodstains. DNA typing was carried out using the RFLP systems YNH24/Hinf I and MS43a/Hinf I and the PCR systems HLA DQα, D1S80, ApoB and YNZ22. In both exercises approximately 20 laboratories obtained results using the RFLP systems. Of the PCR systems, DIS80 was the most commonly used (14 labs in GEDNAP IV; 18 labs in GEDNAP V). The interlaboratory standard deviation for YNH24 in both exercises was approx. 0.6%, for MS43a 0.7–2.2% (GEDNAP IV) and 0.4–1.4% (GEDNAP V), depending on the fragment size. The fragment size calculation performed in each laboratory yielded a standard deviation twice that obtained when the fragment size calculation was performed centrally (IfR, Münster). In GEDNAP III, a system-specific corridor was developed to define the limits of deviation; this was modified for the present study by combining the fragment size ranges of YNH24 and MS43a. In both studies a subgroup of laboratories was involved in preliminary exercises using three PCR VNTRs and the system HLA DQα. Owing to the substantial variation in experience of the participating laboratories with PCR typing the results obtained in these two studies do not fulfil the basic quality criteria of the GEDNAP studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01369909
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of quinidine on the analgesic effect of codeine (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 587-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Codeine ; Quinidine ; CYP2D6 ; hypolagesia ; drug interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the hypoalgesic effect of codeine (100 mg) after blocking the hepatic O-demethylation of codeine to morphine via the sparteine oxygenase (CYP2D6) by quinidine (200 mg). The study was performed in 16 extensive metabolizers of sparteine, using a double-blind, randomized, four-way, cross-over design. The treatments given at 3 h intervals during the four sessions were placebo/placebo, quinidine/placebo, placebo/codeine, and quinidine/codeine. We measured pin-prick pain and pain tolerance thresholds to high energy argon laser stimuli before and 1, 2, and 3 h after codeine or placebo. After codeine and placebo, the peak plasma concentration of morphine was 6–62 (median 18) nmol·.l−1. When quinidine pre-treatment was given, no morphine could be detected (〈4 nmol·l−1) after codeine. The pin-prick pain thresholds were significantly increased after placebo/codeine, but not after quinidine/codeine compared with placebo/placebo. Both placebo/codeine and quinidine/codeine increased pain tolerance thresholds significantly. Quinidine/codeine and quinidine/placebo did not differ significantly for either pin-prick or tolerance pain thresholds. These results are compatible with local CYP2D6 mediated formation of morphine in the brain, not being blocked by quinidine. Alternatively, a hypoalgesic effect of quinidine might have confounded the results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265920
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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