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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spacecraft potential control aboard Equator-S as a test for Cluster-II (1999)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 17 (1999), S. 1582-1591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Space plasma physics (active perturbation experiments ; spacecraft sheaths ; wakes ; charging ; instruments and techniques)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The payload of Equator-S was complemented by the potential control device (PCD) to stabilise the electric potential of the spacecraft with respect to the ambient plasma. Low potentials are essential for accurate measurements of the thermal plasma. The design of PCD is inherited from instruments for Geotail and Cluster and utilises liquid metal ion sources generating a beam of indium ions at several keV. The set-up of the instrument and its interaction with the plasma instruments on board is presented. When the instrument was switched on during commissioning, unexpectedly high ignition and operating voltages of some ion emitters were observed. An extensive investigation was initiated and the results, which lead to an improved design for Cluster-II, are summarised. The cause of the abnormal behaviour could be linked to surface contamination of some emitters, which will be monitored and cured by on-board procedures in future. The mission operations on Equator-S were not at all affected, because of the high redundancy built into the instrument so that a sufficient number of perfectly operating emitters were available and were turned on routinely throughout the mission. Observations of the effect of spacecraft potential control on the plasma remained limited to just one event on January 8, 1998, which is analysed in detail. It is concluded that the ion beam lead to the predicted improvement of the particle measurements even outside the low density regions of the magnetosphere where the effect of spacecraft potential control would have been much more pronounced, and that the similar instruments for the four Cluster-II spacecraft to be launched in 2000 will be very important to ensure accurate plasma data from this mission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-1582-3
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE CLUSTER SCIENCE DATA SYSTEM (CSDS) – A NEW APPROACH TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF SCIENTIFIC DATA (1997)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 79 (1997), S. 557-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Cluster is an ESA/NASA four-spacecraft mission designed to study plasma processes in three dimensions using the combined data from eleven instruments on each spacecraft. This mission requires the combination of many measured parameters, and the Cluster community have taken the unprecedented step of establishing a set of high quality data products from all instruments at spin (~ 4 s) resolution which will be produced and distributed throughout the mission lifetime. The Cluster Science Data System (CSDS) is based on a set of eight data centres which are implemented and funded through national programmes. As part of CSDS, a Joint Science Operations Centre (JSOC) has been established to facilitate the commanding of the 44 instruments. It is co-located with the UK data centre at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, United Kingdom. ESA's contribution to CSDS includes the provision of the CSDS User Interface, a dedicated network (CSDSnet) to interconnect the data centres, and the co-ordination of all activities at CSDS level. A wide scientific community wishing to use Cluster data will have differing data rights, experience and means of access. Users will also include those working with data sets from other missions, e.g., Soho, Geotail, Wind, Polar, Interball, and Equator-S. The Cluster Science Data System is primarily designed to support multi-instrument and multi-spacecraft data analysis and it is distributed across six national data centres in Europe, one in the USA, and one in China. CSDSnet will be used to interconnect the European data centres, the Joint Science Operations Centre at Didcot and the spacecraft Operations Control Centre at ESOC in Darmstadt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004958605022
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