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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography A 662 (1994), S. 191-197 
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 3021-3024 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Thermogravimetry and on-line flash pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry were used for studying thermal decomposition processes in filled polyamides deriving from used cars. The thermal decomposition of each polymer begins at about 350 °C and proceeds with a weight loss of 100% for the non-glass fibres, under nitrogen atmosphere. The analysis of the pyrolyzate compounds shows that from polyamide 66, the most abundant product volatile at degradation temperatures is cyclopentanone, while from polyamide 6 there is a considerable yield of ε-caprolactam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 348 (1994), S. 159-162 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Supercritical fluid extraction is a powerful technique with great promise in organic analytical chemistry. To date little has been published on the use of SFE in the analysis of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F). The data point, however, to the feasibility of a selective and exhaustive extraction of these compounds. Solid phase trapping of the extracted PCDD/F allows for on-line class separation and clean-up and seems to be the most flexible choice of collection mode. Both CO2 and N2O can be used as supercritical fluids. Extraction recoveries can be improved with a small percentage of an organic solvent added to the supercritical fluid as modifier. Methanol and benzene have proven to be efficient. Relatively strong supercritical fluid conditions are needed for the extraction of PCDD/F from fly ash (350–400 atm at 330–370 K). Spiked internal standards are easily extracted even at mild conditions whereas native PCDD/F are not; thus caution should be taken when an isotopic dilution technique is used for a future evaluation of SFE in the analysis of PCDD/F.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Après avoir identifié les impuretés qui accompagnent l'o-terphényle (I) marqué au 13C en position 2, c'est-à-dire, o-xenylcyclohexanol (II), o-xenylcyclohexène (III), hexahydrotriphénylène (IV) et o-xenylcyclohexane on a étudié la fragmentation des molécules I, II et IV, sous impact électronique, en tirant profit du marquage de ces molécules par le 13C.L'étude, par spectrométrje de masse, a été effectuée sur un instrument AEI MS9 pour ce qui regarde la composition atomique des ions principaux et sur un MAT CH-4 pour les déterminations quantitatives des espèces 12C et 13C, à basse énergie, en admettant une sensibilité égale.Le marquage par 13C de la position 2 dans I n'a pas encore mis clairement en évidence le réarrangement de cette molécule en une structure phénanthrénique après ouverture d'un noyau benzènique, comme le prévoyait une hypothèse formulée antérieurement à ce travail.La molécule II se fragmente suivant deux voies: I'une est formée d'une suite de fragments hydrocarbonés, produits à partir du pic moléculaire par perte de H2O et l'ature, d'une suite de fragments qui contiennent l'unique atome d'oxygène de la molécule. La différence dans le processus de fragmentation des deus séries s'explique par le fait que la perte d'une molécule d'eau, à partir de la molécule, stabilise les 2 atomes de carbone adjacents au C porteur du groupe - OH, le titre en 13C du fragment hydrocarboné en C15 étant relativement plus élevé que celui du fragment oxygéné à nombre égal d'atomes de C.Le marquage par 13C de la molécule IV montre comment se fait la rupture du cycle saturé sous bombardement électronique, le premier atome de C enlevé étant le plus proche du cycle centra.
    Notes: After identification of the impurities, separated from synthesized orthoterphenyl (I) labelled in position 2 with 13C, i.e. o-xenylcyclohexanol (II), o-xenylcyclohexene (III), hexahydrotriphenylene (IV) and o-xenylcyclohexane (V), the fragmentation processes under electron-impact of molecules I, II and IV have been studied, advantage being taken of their 13C labelling.Mass spectrometric studies were carried out on an AEI MS-9 for determination of the atomic composition of the main ions and on a MAT CH-4 instrument for quantitative determination of 12C and 13C species, at low energy, assuming an equal sensitivity.The 13C labelling of position 2 in I, has not yet given clear evidence of a formerly assumed rearrangement into phenanthrenic structure after ring opening.The fragmentation of molecule II occurs in two ways, i.e. into a series of hydrocarbon fragments, produced from the molecular ion by loss of H2O or into fragments still containing the oxygen atom. The difference between the fragmentation processes of the two series depends on the fact that the loss of H2O from the molecule stabilizes the two carbon atoms adjacent to the C carrying the hydroxyl group. This is shown by the relatively higher 13C content of the hydrocarbon fragment in C15 compared with that of the equivalent oxygenated fragment.The labelling in IV shows how the rupture of the saturated ring occurs under electron-impact, the first C removed being the one nearest to the central ring.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 753-762 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra were investigate of six 3-aryl-2-isoxazolines, and three main fragmentation pathways were found to occur through loss of 28 and 30 a.m.u. The losses of 28 (C2H4)and 30 (CH2O) are seen as competitive mass spectrometric retro-1,3-dipolar cycloaddition processes. These reactions are also repeated successively, and take place in different ions either following the degradation of the substituent or the attack of the benzene ring. The substituents in the para position influence both these reactions and also the attack upon the rings. A quantitative study has been carried out on the effect of the substituent on the [M-28] reaction, which can be interpreted in terms of the first ionisation energies. These terms are linearly intercorrelated, for the compounds under examination, with the Hammett type σ-constants.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: halophytes ; arsenobetaine ; arsenocholine ; tetramethylarsonium ; arsenosugars ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Five species of halophytes were sampled in the salt marshes of the Tagus estuary, dried, ground and digested. They were further extracted with ethanol and the extracts passed through weak and strong cationic ion-exchange resins, purified through TLC and submitted to pyrolysis mass spectrometry and HPLC-ICP/MS. Arsenic content and hydride-forming arsenic species were verified, in each step, by GF-AA and HG-QFAA. A high content of arsenic was found in the samples of halophytes studied, both di- and tri-methylated arsenic compounds being present. A considerable fraction of this arsenic content seems to be refractory to hydride generation. Moreover, the arsenic fraction found seems to have the same ion-exchange behaviour as the refractory fractions formerly studied in estuarine water.A partial characterization of these structures by pyrolysis-GC-MS suggests the presence of arsenobetaine and arsenocholine compounds. Furthermore, HPLC-ICP/MS data seem to confirm the presence of these compounds. In addition, the latter hyphenated technique strongly suggests the presence of a number of other organoarsenicals including tetramethylarsonium (TMAs), trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO), cacodylate (DMA) and possibly an arsenosugar-type compound. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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