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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GLUT4 heterozygous knockout mice develop muscle insulin resistance and diabetes (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 3 (1997), S. 1096-1101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] GLUT4, the insulin-responsive glucose transporter, plays an important role in postprandial glucose disposal. Altered GLUT4 activity is suggested to be one of the factors responsible for decreased glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue in obesity and diabetes. To assess the effect of GLUT4 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1097-1096
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiac defects and renal failure in mice with targeted mutations in Pkd2 (2000)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 24 (2000), S. 75-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] PKD2, mutations in which cause autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), encodes an integral membrane glycoprotein with similarity to calcium channel subunits. We induced two mutations in the mouse homologue Pkd2 (ref.4): an unstable allele (WS25; hereafter denoted Pkd2WS25) that can ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/71724
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HEREDITARY AND ACQUIRED CARDIOMYOPATHIES IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS: MECHANICAL, BIOCHEMICAL, AND STRUCTURAL FEATURES (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 317 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1979.tb56511.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carcinoma of the breast with multinucleated reactive stromal giant cells (1977)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 374 (1977), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Breast carcinoma ; Stromal giant cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two unusual carcinomas of the breast are described, containing nests of infiltrating neoplasm situated within stromal lacunar spaces, and surrounded by numerous benign appearing multinucleated giant cells. Within the stroma, there was extensive hemorrhage, hemosiderin pigment deposition, and large numbers of mononucleated inflammatory cells. The morphology of both tumors resembled the giant cell tumor of bone. Although a similar giant cell reaction has recently been described in association with a uterine leiomyosarcoma, we are aware of only two other examples of this entity in the breast, both reported over 40 years ago in the French literature. This is the first report in which electron microscopy confirmed the benign histiocytic nature of the giant cells. These cells had many of the ultrastructural features of multinucleated giant cells described in tissue culture, skeletal osteoclastomas, and foreign body granulomas. We propose that the giant cells arise from fusion of mononucleated stromal cells, and most likely are reactive histiocytic elements which are in some way related to the tumor cell nests. Further studies of these unusual neoplasms are needed to determine if the giant cell reaction in any way affects the prognosis of the patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00430566
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coronary intimal sclerosis in Morquio's syndrome (1978)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 379 (1978), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Lysosome ; Atherosclerosis ; Morquio's syndrome ; Storage disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mitral valve, coronary arteries, cartilage, and liver were studied by light and electron microscopy in a 15 year old boy with Morquio's syndrome, a genetic mucopolysaccharidosis, in which a deficiency of lysosomal hexosamine sulfatase is associated with accumulations of keratan sulfate in various organs. Coronary artery intimal sclerosis was a prominent feature of this disorder. Ultrastructural examination revealed numerous intimal smooth muscle cells containing storage vacuoles consistent with lysosomes. This was associated with marked interstitial deposition of collagen, elastin, and basement membrane material. Recent studies of human and experimental atherosclerosis have demonstrated the accumulation of cholesterol within vascular smooth muscle cell lysosomes. Intralysosomal accumulation of substrates other than cholesterol is also associated with vascular intimal sclerosis in genetic lysosomal disorders such as Fabry's disease and Hurler's syndrome. Lysosomal storage of undegraded substrate may be an important pathogenetic mechanism in the development of sclerotic vascular lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432778
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cardiomyopathy of Wilson's disease (1982)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 397 (1982), S. 301-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Wilson's disease ; Cardiomyopathy ; Copper toxicity ; Myocardial degeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Though myocardial alterations are well recognized in haemochromatosis, little attention has been paid to the cardiac changes in Wilson's disease. To define the extent of myocardial degeneration in newly diagnosed or chronically treated Wilson's disease, we reviewed the autopsy findings in 9 cases with this condition. We compared our observations with those in 3 control cases, selected for comparable age and with liver disease having no known association with cardiac degeneration. Our results revealed cardiac hypertrophy in 5 out of 9 cases of Wilson's disease. There was evidence of interstitial and replacement fibrosis, intramyocardial small vessel sclerosis and focal inflammatory cell inflammation to a variable degree in all cases. One case had AV nodal degeneration, and a 15 year old boy had severe atherosclerosis of the left main coronary artery. Two patients died suddenly, presumably secondary to an arrhythmia; one of these patients had the most marked myocardial alterations. We could not correlate these changes specifically with the tissue levels of copper, treatment with D-penicillamine, or the presence of cirrhosis. We conclude that there are definite morphological abnormalities in the hearts of patients with Wilson's disease consistent with a cardiomyopathy. Though the myocardial changes were non-specific, the fact that 2 patients died suddenly, suggests the need for a prospective study of cardiac function in these patients in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00496571
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypertensive diabetic cardiomyopathy in the rat: ultrastructural features (1983)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 398 (1983), S. 305-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We previously described a cohort of diabetic patients with typical congestive cardiomyopathy, in whom myocardial lesions were related to concommitant high blood pressure. To evaluate the association of diabetes mellitus and hypertension in more detail, we studied 4 groups of rats with either no disease, streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, renovascular hypertension, or a combination of hypertension and diabetes. Analysis revealed significant myocardial fibrosis and degeneration in the hypertensive-diabetic group when compared to controls, without an obvious relationship to small vessel lesions. The myocardial alterations appeared similar to those observed in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Of note, although hypertensive animals had focal moderate lesions, diabetic animals had no pathological changes. To further characterize these histological changes, we performed electron microscopy on the 4 animal groups, which we are reporting in this study. Our analysis of the ultrastructural alterations confirms the previous histological observations. Diabetic animals only had increased cellular lipid, and mild, focal areas of myofibrillolysis, with no significant increases in perivascular and perisarcolemmal basal lamina. Consistent with our light microscopic finding that PAS positive material was associated with interstitial or replacement fibrosis, we noted basal lamina proliferation in the hypertensive and hypertensive-diabetic groups, particularly in areas of scarring. Pericapillary basal lamina was increased to the greatest extent in the hypertensive-diabetics. Qualitative alterations of myocardial cells and muscular blood vessels were similar in both the hypertensive and hypertensive-diabetic animals; however, there were more extensive changes in the latter group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583587
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Familial congestive cardiomyopathy with nemaline rods in heart and skeletal muscle (1985)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 408 (1985), S. 307-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Familial cardiomyopathy ; Nemaline rods ; Myopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Primary familial cardiomyopathy, once exclusively associated with hypertrophic disorders, is now recognized to occur in a dilated or congestive form. In some instances, characteristic myocellular inclusions of varying morphologies have been identified. Nemaline rods are inclusions which typically have been linked with a rather benign and nonprogressive congenital myopathy. We report finding myocellular inclusions consistent with nemaline rods in two brother who died with congestive cardiomyopathy. Although there was no history or clinical evidence of a myopathy, characteristic nemaline rod inclusions were also identified in the skeletal muscle of one sibling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00707993
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic control of autoimmune myocarditis mediated by myosin-specific antibodies (1999)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 49 (1999), S. 79-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Myocarditis ; Susceptibility genes ; Antibody-mediated disease ; Extracellular matrix ; Chromosome 12
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Autoimmune disease involves both the development of autoreactivity and the expression of organ damage, and susceptibility is genetically complex. We recently reported that in autoimmune myocarditis susceptibility to antibody-mediated cardiac injury is strain specific. DBA/2 mice develop myocarditis following administration of myosin-specific antibody, while BALB/c mice do not. This susceptibility appears to be controlled by expression of myosin in the myocardial extracellular matrix. CByD2F1 mice are both resistant to induction of myocarditis and do not demonstrate extracellular myosin, indicating a recessive genetic component to these traits. A backcross analysis of susceptibility using DBA/2×CByD2F1 mice revealed a locus on chromosome 12 that is strongly linked with myocarditis. In male mice there was a second region on chromosome 1 that also contributes to disease susceptibility. However, genetic susceptibility in both female and male mice was genetically complex. This study demonstrates that the genetic basis of tissue injury can be analyzed separately from the genetic basis of autoreactivity. Future studies will determine whether the genetic factors identified in this study are also involved in susceptibility to rheumatic fever.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050466
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology, composition, and function of struts between cardiac myocytes of rat and hamster (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 247-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cardiac muscle cells ; Extracellular matrix ; Collagen fibers and filaments ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat ; Hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphology, composition, and function of struts that interconnect the lateral surfaces of cardiomyocytes were examined in the hearts of rats and hamsters. Methods included brightfield and fluorescent light microscopy, secondary and backscatter scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy in conjunction with silver stain, cationic dye, and antibody to type-I collagen. These studies reveal a twisted, beaded appearance and a complex substructure of collagen fibrils embedded in a ground substance that has a positive reaction with cationic dye. A hierarchy of patterns of branching and attachment was seen among intercellular struts ranging in diameter from 0.1 μm to several urn. The hypothesis that struts tether not only the surfaces but the contractile lattices of laterally adjacent myocytes is supported by the following: (a) the attachments of struts to the collagen weave of the sarcolemma, often lateral to the level of Z bands, (b) the presence of collagen type I in a composite material arrangement, (c) the relative dispositions and configurational changes of struts and myocyte surfaces in various physiological states and induced, non-physiological perturbations of cardiac muscle, (d) the corrugated sarcolemmas with infoldings near Z bands, and (e) the continuity of intracellular filaments from Z bands to the inner aspect of the sarcolemma in relaxed and contracted myocytes. Implications of struts acting as tethers and sites for storage of energy in the motions of myocytes during the cardiac cycle are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215507
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