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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interpretation of Extraterrestrial Lyman-alpha Observations (1971)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 231 (1971), S. 171-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] All the a. m. observations proved that there exists a significant anisotropy of the Lyman-a background radiation with a pronounced broad spatial intensity maximum and minimum. This feature, and variations in intensity on a time scale of several months, is evidence against the hypothesis8 that the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/231171a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interstellar Hydrogen Densities in the Surroundings of the Solar System (1970)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 226 (1970), S. 435-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] This last assumption seems very plausible after the recent work of Blum and Fahr (ref. 1 and unpublished work) which shows that the peculiar features of the Lyman-a measurements of Chambers et al.2 and of Mange and Meier3 can be well explained if the Lyman-a background is due to the scattering of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/226435a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solar Wind Tail and the Anisotropic Production of Fast Hydrogen Atoms (1969)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 223 (1969), S. 936-937 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] This model has been modified by the assumption that charge exchange occurs in a more extended region beyond the shock front, the transition region. In this case, less than half the solar wind protons would be fed back as fast neutral atoms into the heliosphere, because the viewing angle by which ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/223936b0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge-transfer Interactions between Solar Wind Protons and Neutral Particles in the Vicinity of the Sun (1968)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 219 (1968), S. 473-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] On their way from the Sun to the Earth, protons in the solar wind generate fast neutral particles by charge -transfer collisions with interstellar particles. The fast neutral particles bombard the Earth's upper atmosphere and will transport energy directly downward to the thermosphere. If the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/219473a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutral corpuscular energy flux by charge-transfer collisions in the vicinity of the sun (1968)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 2 (1968), S. 496-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Charge-transfer collisions between solar-wind protons and neutral interstellar hydrogen in the vicinity of the sun have been considered. Due to the focusing effect of the sun's gravitational field interstellar particles entering the solar system in free flights produce a specific density distribution in the circumsolar space. On their way from the sun to the orbit of the earth solar protons will therefore generate fast neutrals by collisions with neutral hydrogen. Depending on the position at its orbit the earth will be hit by these fast neutrals which will come down directly into the thermosphere and will produce temperature and density increases. It is shown that the corpuscular energy flux connected with these fast neutrals will have a semi-annually varying profile along the earth's orbit. Interstellar particle densities of about 5 cm−3 at infinity would produce energy fluxes of the order of 0.1 erg/cm2 sec. Assuming a specific proper motion of interstellar matter surrounding the solar system we obtain a neutral corpuscular energy flux having nearly the same shape and phase as the wellknown semi-annual effect in atmospheric temperatures and densities. Collision-generated, fast neutrals reaching the earth could therefore possibly give an explanation of this effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02175924
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of diverging coronal fields on the solar wind expansion (1977)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 46 (1977), S. L11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The calculations made by Fahret al. (1976) have been subjected to a re-examination, the results of which are described in this letter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00644395
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the influence of neutral interstellar matter on the upper atmosphere (1968)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 2 (1968), S. 474-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Neutral interstellar matter entering the solar system has been considered in respect to its influences on the upper atmosphere. Calculations show that in consequence of the focussing effect due to the sun's gravitational field the incoming neutral hydrogen and helium under special, but possible conditions will represent a semi-annually varying density along the earth's orbit. The particle fluxes amounting at least to some 107 cm−2 sec−1, which are connected with these density-profiles and reach the upper atmosphere, show annual periodicities and so will cause annual variations of the densities of the light, atmospheric gas constituents. Especially it is to be expected, that so produced density variations of atmospheric hydrogen are important. Temperature increases caused by the energy flux of interstellar particles should in general only amount to a few thousandths of the CIRA-temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02175923
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    L. A. Fisk, J. R. Jokipii, G. M. Simnett, R. Von Steiger and K. P. Wenzel (eds.), Cosmic Rays in the Heliosphere, Space Sciences Series of ISSI (1999)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 87 (1999), S. 547-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005129323890
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of interstellar medium on subsonic stellar motions (1989)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 153 (1989), S. 327-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is not a trivial problem to imagine how a spherical high-pressure balloon with supersonic gas jets leaving from pores densely distributed on its surface can be influenced by an ambient gas flow. The relative motion of such a balloon can be controlled by a corresponding rearrangement of the gas outflow into an aspherical configuration. A similar problem is connected with stars driving a supersonic stellar wind and moving relative to the interstellar medium. As we shall show, the adapted circumstellar flow leads to an upwind-downwind pressure asymmetry balancing the momentum loss that is braking such stars. The opposite process — i.e., acceleration — may occur if luminous stars are closely associated and their wind systems interfere with each other. This should lead to a mutual repulsion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00636666
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Revised interstellar neutral helium/hydrogen density ratios and the interstellar UV-radiation field (1976)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 39 (1976), S. 321-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The data deduced from the UV-spectroscope on theCopernicus satellite strongly suggest that the most important ionization source in interstellar space near the solar system is a UV radiation field originating from B-stars. Adopting this hypothesis, we have used the ionization state of several elements in the interstellar medium observed byCopernicus to determine the required radiation field. From this, the degree of ionization of elements that could not be observed byCopernicus is estimated. It is shown that this interpretation of thecopernicus data can be made consistent with neutral interstellar hydrogen densities inferred from extraterrestrial Lα observations and with electron densities deduced from pulsar dispersion measures. Furthermore, it is shown that the ratio of neutral interstellar helium to neutral interstellar hydrogen is likely to be 2 to 3 times as large as the cosmic abundance ratio of these elements. The possibility that this ratio is about 10 times as large, meaning equal interstellar neutral hydrogen and helium densities near the solar system, cannot be ruled out. It would, however, require an interstellar radiation temperature near 9000 K. A comparison of the intensity of the interplanetary back scattered He 584 Å and the H 1216 Å radiation would lead to a direct determination of this ratio provided the solar radiation at these lines is known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00648333
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