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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery 6 (1999), S. 149-153 
    ISSN: 1436-0691
    Keywords: Key words: intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ; cholangiocellular carcinoma ; hepatic resection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We retrospectively analyzed the results of hepatic resection for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma managed between December 1966 and January 1998 at the University of Hong Kong Medical Center, Queen Mary Hospital. There were 61 men and 40 women (mean age, 61.8 years). The clinical records of these patients were reviewed. A survival analysis was performed on the group of patients who had undergone hepatic resection. Twenty-one patients were treated conservatively. Non-resective (palliative) operations were performed in 32 patients. The median survivals after conservative management and palliative operation were 2.5 and 3.3 months, respectively. The remaining 48 patients underwent hepatic resection. The overall operative morbidity and mortality rates after hepatic resection were 41.7% and 16.7%, respectively. The median survival after hepatic resection was 16.4 months. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates after hepatic resection were 60.3%, 29.4% and 22.0%, respectively. Lymphatic permeation (P = 0.007) and hilar nodal metastases (P = 0.009) were found to be significantly associated with poor survival after hepatic resection. Hepatic resection is the treatment of choice for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma when it is resectable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is an uncommon neoplasm of liver compared with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatic resection seems to provide the only chance for therapeutic success. The records of 77 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma treated over a 28-year period were studied to determine demographics, clinical features, laboratory findings, diagnostic tests, operative management, and results of therapy. Survival was analyzed according to three treatment groups: conservative management, palliative operation, and hepatic resection. Conservative management was used for 15 patients, and hepatic resections were performed in 39 patients. The remaining 23 patients had laparotomy alone (10 patients), bile duct intubation (4 patients), hepatic artery ligation (3 patients), bilienteric bypass (3 patients), gastrojejunostomy (1 patient), insertion of a hepatic artery port for regional chemotherapy (1 patient), or open drainage of an abscess (1 patient). The median survival after conservative management, palliative operation, and hepatic resection were 1.8, 2.9, and, 12.2 months, respectively. After hepatic resection, patients without lymphatic permeation ( p 〈 0.02) or hilar nodal metastases ( p 〈 0.0003) survived significantly longer. We concluded that hepatic resection is indicated for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma when it is deemed resectable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 20 (1996), S. 983-987 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This study reviewed the results of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis in the elderly. Among 557 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 70 (12.6%) had a clinical diagnosis of acute cholecystitis confirmed by ultrasonography. There were 28 men and 42 women with a mean age of 59.9 years (range 20–87 years). Thirty patients ≥ 65 years of age were compared to 40 patients 〈 65 years old. Elderly patients had a higher female predominance ( p 〈 0.05), a higher incidence of intercurrent diseases ( p 〈 0.05), and a higher serum urea level ( p 〈 0.001). The proportions of patients who underwent early or delayed surgery were comparable. There was no difference in operation time, postoperative analgesic requirements, or complications. Elderly patients, however, had a significantly higher conversion rate (23.3% versus 2.5%; p 〈 0.05). Even after successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy, there was a longer delay before ambulation ( p 〈 0.05) and resumption of normal diet ( p = 0.08) with resulting prolonged postoperative ( p = 0.08) and total hospital stay ( p 〈 0.05). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe, effective treatment for acute cholecystitis in the elderly. When compared to younger patients, elderly patients are at greater risk for conversion, delayed recovery, and prolonged hospital stay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 21 (1997), S. 149-154 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Acute biliary pancreatitis is a serious complication of biliary calculous disease and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the management of acute biliary pancreatitis has been the focus of discussion in recent years. In addition, the exact role of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the management of acute biliary pancreatitis has not yet been fully defined. In this report, we evaluated a protocol of emergency ERCP (within 24 hours) for predicted severe attacks, early ERCP (within 72 hours) for predicted mild attacks, and interval LC for management of acute biliary pancreatitis. Between January 1992 and June 1995 a total of 75 patients with acute biliary pancreatitis were managed according to the protocol. Bedside ultrasonography at admission diagnosed 94% of all 64 patients with gallbladder stones, but the sensitivity of visualizing choledocholithiasis was low (19%). Forty-five (60%) of them were predicted to have a severe attack by either Ranson or glucose/urea criteria. Emergency ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) for identifiable common bile duct (CBD) or ampullary stones were performed on all patients predicted to have a severe attack within 24 hours from presentation. An early endoscopic procedure was performed on all patients predicted to have a mild attack within 72 hours from presentation. ERCP was successful in 95% of all patients, and CBD stones were detected in 52 (69%) of them. ES and stone clearance were successful in all of these 52 patients. The morbidity associated with the endoscopic procedure was 3%, and there were no deaths. All except one patient survived the attack of acute pancreatitis, resulting in an overall mortality of 1%. Interval LC was performed on 46 patients with a conversion rate of 4%. The median postoperative hospital stay after LC was 2 days, and there was no major intraoperative or postoperative morbidity or mortality. Our experience suggests that the policy of emergency ERCP for patients with predicted severe disease, early ERCP for patients with predicted mild disease, and interval LC are associated with favorable outcomes in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis. Acute biliary pancreatitis can be managed safely and effectively by a combined endoscopic and laparoscopic approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 20 (1996), S. 314-318 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In selected patients with huge right hepatic tumors that had infiltrated the surrounding structures, injudicious mobilization of the liver before transection, as in the conventional manner, may result in excessive bleeding, prolonged ischemia from rotation of the hepatoduodenal ligament, and spillage of cancer cells into the systemic circulation. Alternatively, the “anterior” approach, which involves initial completion of the parenchymal transection before the right hepatic lobe is mobilized, can be adopted for these patients with difficult right hepatic tumors. After hilar control of the inflow vessels, liver parenchyma was transected using an ultrasonic dissector until the anterior surface of the inferior vena cava is exposed. The right hepatic lobe is then mobilized laterally by securing all venous tributaries, including the right hepatic vein. The prospective data of 25 patients who had major right hepatectomy using the “anterior” approach were compared with data from 34 patients who had their operation performed in the conventional manner. Despite the facts that larger tumors ( p 〈 0.004), more extrahepatic structures ( p 〈 0.05), and the caudate lobes ( p 〈 0.03) were resected, the amount of perioperative blood transfusion, fluid replacement, and outcome between the two groups of patients were comparable. There were three hospital deaths, among which one could be attributed to an intraoperative catastrophe during hepatectomy using the conventional approach. The “anterior” approach is a safe, effective option for selected patients undergoing complicated major right hepatectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The present study documents the indications and results of endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) performed over 7 years in a surgical endoscopy unit. Potential improvement of results over this time period was analyzed. ES was associated with rare but undesirable morbidity and mortality. Specific improvement of results over time has not been reported. ES was attempted in 706 patients (336 men, 370 women) from 1987 to 1994 and was accomplished in 689 patients (97.6%). Complications occurred in 50 patients (7.1%), 13 of whom required emergency operative intervention. The overall 30-day mortality was 4.7% ( n = 33), and procedure-related mortality was 0.7% ( n = 5). There was a significant decrease in hospital mortality ( p 〈 0.01) and operative intervention for procedure-related complications ( p 〈 0.001) after 1990. Procedure-related mortality has been reduced from 1.3% to 0.3% since 1990 ( p = 0.1). ES in emergency situations or for malignant biliary obstruction did not adversely affect the outcome. It was concluded that ES can be performed safely in most patients. With increasing experience, procedure-related morbidity and mortality can possibly be reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les données cliniques, endoscopiques, et biochimiques chez 701 patients ayant un ulcère gastroduodénal hémorragique ont été analysés prospectivement. Le taux global de récidive hémorragique était de 16.1%; le risque fatal était augmenté de 17 fois (1.2% vs 20.6%,p 〈 0.001). Parmi ceux qui n'ont pas survécu au traitment conservateur initial, plus de 75% avaient resaigné. La récidive hémorragique s'avérait plus probable (24.1% vs 14.2%,p 〈 0.02) lorsque le patient était en état de choc à l'admission. Le risque de récidive hémorragique était doublé chez le patient de plus de 60 ans (22.1% vs 10.9%,p 〈 0.001). Les maladies associées ont influencé l'évolution de façon significative (p 〈 0.01) selon que le patient était en état de choc ou pas. Lorsque l'endoscopie mettait en évidence des signes d'hémorragie récente, le risque de mortalité triplait (2.4% vs 7.5%,p 〈 0.002). Ces signes endoscopiques ont été plus fréquemment rencontrés lorsque la taille de l'ulcère dépassait 1 cm (61.4% vs 39.8%,p 〈 0.001). Les taux de mortalité respectifs lorsque la taille de l'ulcère étaient ≤ ou 〉 de 1 cm était de 1.6% et 12.5% (p 〈 0.001). Les taux correspondants chez les patients de plus de 60 ans étaient de 4.4% et 16.2% (p 〈 0.002). Le risque de récidive hémorragique triplait lorsque les signes d'hémorragie récente était présents. La mortalité augmentait de 6 fois lorsqu'une intervention a dû être pratiquée en urgence après échec du traitement nonopératoire (2.6% vs 14.9%,p 〈 0.001). Les risques de récidive hémorragique et de mortalité augmentent chez le patient agé de plus de 60 ans, ayant une pathologie associée, un état de choc à l'admission, un ulcère de taille importante, et des signes d'hémorrragie récente.
    Abstract: Resumen Los datos endoscópicos y de laboratorio fueron recolectados en forma prospectiva en 701 pacientes con úlcera péptica sangrante. La tasa global de resangrado fue 16.1% y ésta incrementó 17 veces (1.2% versus 20.6%,p 〈 0.001) el riesgo de desenlace fatal. Se documentó resangrado en 75% del grupo que no sobrevivió el manejo conservador inicial. El resangrado apareció más frecuente (24.1% versus 14.2%,p 〈 0.02) cuando hubo shock en el momento de la admisión y el riesgo de resangrado fue del doble en pacientes 〉60 años (22.1% versus 10.9%,p 〈 0.001). Las ulceras 〉1 cm también exhibieron un riesgo de resangrado del doble (23.9% versus 12.4%,p 〈 0.002). La presencia de enfermedad médica concomitante representó) un efecto adverso significativo sobre el desenlace final (p 〈 0.05). La presencia de shock en el momento de la admisión apareció asociada con un doblaje de las cifras de mortalidad (9.5% versus 3.7%,p 〈 0.01). La identificación de estigmas de hemorragia reciente triplicó el riesgo de mortalidad (7.5% versus 2.4%,p 〈 0.002), y los estigmas fueron hallados con mayor frecuencia cuando el tamano de la úlcera fue 〉1 cm (61.4% versus 39.8%,p 〈 0.001). Las tasas respectivas de mortalidad para úlceras 〈1 cm y 〉1 cm fueron 1.6% y 12.5% (p 〈 0.001); las tasas de mortalidad correspondientes para pacientes 〉60 años fueron 4.4% y 16.4% (p 〈 0.002). El riesgo de resangrado se triplicó (6.7% versus 2.6%,p 〈 0.02) cuando se evidenciaron estigmas de hemorragia reciente. Se observó un incremento de 6 veces en la mortalidad después de cirugía de urgencia en comparación con el manejo conservador de pacientes en quienes no fue necesario realizar una intervención quirúrgica (2.6% versus 14.9%,p 〈 0.001). En resumen, la edad 〉60, enfermedad médica concomitante, la presencia de shock en el momento de la admisión, una úlcera de gran tamano, y la evidencia de estigmas de hemorragia reciente aparecieron asociados con un mayor riesgo de sangrado y una elevada mortalidad.
    Notes: Abstract Clinical, endoscopic, and laboratory data were collected prospectively in 701 patients with bleeding peptic ulcer. The overall rebleeding rate was 16.1% and increased the risk of a fatal outcome by 17 fold (1.2% versus 20.6%,p 〈 0.001). Rebleeding was documented in more than 75% of the group who did not survive following initial conservative management. Rebleeding was more likely (24.1% versus 14.2%,p 〈 0.02) when shock was present on admission and the risk of a rebleed was doubled in patients over 60 years of age (22.1% versus 10.9%,p 〈 0.001). Ulcers greater than 1 cm in size carried twice the risk of rebleeding (23.9% versus 12.4%,p 〈 0.002). Concomitant medical illness had a significant adverse effect on outcome (p 〈 0.05). Shock on admission was associated with a doubling of mortality figures (9.5% versus 3.7%,p 〈 0.01). The identification of endoscopic stigmata of recent hemorrhage (ESRH) tripled the risk of mortality (7.5% versus 2.4%,p 〈 0.002), ESRH were more frequently encountered when ulcer size was larger than 1 cm (61.4% versus 39.8%,p 〈 0.001). Respective mortality rates for ulcers less than or equal to 1 cm and greater than 1 cm in size were 1.6% and 12.5% (p 〈 0.001), corresponding mortality figures for patients over 60 years of age being 4.4% and 16.4% (p 〈 0.002). The risk of a rebleed tripled (6.7% versus 2.6%,p 〈 0.02) when ESRH were evident. There was a 6-fold increase in mortality following emergency surgery when compared with conservative management of patients in whom no surgical intervention was necessary (2.6% versus 14.9%,p 〈 0.001). In summary, age over 60 years, previous medical illness, shock on admission, large ulcer size, and ESRH were each associated with an increased risk of rebleeding and mortality.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular medicine 22 (1998), S. 1162-1166 
    ISSN: 1076-1551
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To review the results of treatment of primary biliary stones, 96 consecutive patients managed from 1991 to 1996 were studied retrospectively. Acute cholangitis and abdominal pain were the presenting symptoms in 57 patients (59%) and 29 patients (30%), respectively. Fifty-four patients (56%) had a history of biliary surgery. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography were frequently employed for diagnosis of primary biliary stones and were performed on 84 patients (88%), 90 patients (94%), and 89 patients (93%), respectively. Intrahepatic stones were identified in 91 patients (95%) and biliary strictures in 34 patients (35%). Concomitant cholangiocarcinoma occurred in 15 patients (16%). Hepatic resection was required in 55 patients (57%) for removal of an atrophic liver lobe or a segment related to repeated infection, biliary strictures, liver abscesses, or cholangiocarcinoma. Intraoperative choledochoscopy was routinely performed in all patients to detect, remove, or confirm clearance of biliary stones. A hepaticocutaneous jejunostomy (HCJ) was constructed in 70 patients (73%) to facilitate postoperative choledochoscopic examination or biliary stone extraction. Twenty-two patients (23%) had residual stones and required postoperative choledochoscopic extraction. Complete eradication of residual stones was achieved in all patients. Postoperative morbidity occurred in 28 patients (29%), and there was one hospital death (a patient with cholangiocarcinoma). With a median follow-up of 26 months (range 2–62 months), stones recurred in three patients. In conclusion, the early results of treatment of primary biliary stones were satisfactory owing to a systematic, aggressive approach that consisted of hepatic resection, frequent construction of an HCJ, and postoperative choledochoscopy.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1436-0691
    Keywords: Key words: laparoscopic ultrasonography ; resectability ; liver cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We reviewed our experience with preoperative determination of resectability in patients with hepatocel-lular carcinoma (HCC) over the last 10 years, and evaluated the role of laparoscopy with laparoscopic ultrasonography (USG) since we instituted this technique in June 1994. From January 1989 to December 1998, 500 of 1741 patients with HCC (28.7%) were considered suitable for hepatic resection after preoperative assessment. Significantly more contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans and fewer percutaneous USGs or hepatic arteriograms were performed in the 299 patients managed since June 1994 (group 2) than in the 201 patients managed before then (group 1). One hundred and ninety-eight patients in group 2 (66%) underwent laparoscopy with laparoscopic USG. Unresectable disease was found in 41 patients in group 1 (20.4%) (all at laparotomy), and in 68 patients in group 2 (22.7%) (16 at laparotomy without laparoscopic examination, 31 at laparoscopic examination alone, and 21 at laparotomy after an inconclusive laparoscopic examination) (P = 0.5). The most common features of unresectable disease were the presence of bilobar intrahepatic metastases and an inadequate liver remnant with cirrhosis. The adoption of the laparoscopic examination after June 1994 improved the overall resection rate at laparotomy in group 2 from 77.3% to 86.2%, which was better than that in group 1 (79.6%, P = 0.057). For patients with unresectable disease, the operation time and hospital stay were significantly shorter in group 2. The postoperative morbidity and mortality rates were 9.8% and 4.9%, respectively, in group 1, and 5.9% and 2.9% in group 2. There was no operative morbidity in the 31 patients who had unresectable disease detected by the laparoscopic examination alone. Laparoscopy with laparoscopic USG avoids unnecessary laparotomy, and has a definite role in determining resectability in patients with HCC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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