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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmutation of Actinides (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An advanced process has been developed on a laboratory scale at the Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU) for the fabrication of transmutation fuels and targets. The process consists of the fabrication of highly porous beads using a sol–gel method, their infiltration by a nitrate solution of the relevant actinide, and calcination, compaction, and sintering to give the final product pellets. This work presents the results obtained in the qualification of this process whereby dense partially-yttria-stabilized zirconia pellets with high contents of cerium and plutonium have been fabricated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00152.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication Routes for Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Suitable for the Production of Minor Actinide Transmutation Targets (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The actual fabrication processes of targets for the transmutation of actinides in nuclear reactors will need to be dust-free and compatible with automation and remote operation. The developments reported here mark an important technical breakthrough in the fabrication of highly active materials. The sol–gel external gelation, modified by the addition of carbon, and infiltration methods have been used here to produce high-quality, dust-free yttria-stabilized zirconia beads, with excellent compaction and sintering properties. Furthermore, the beads produced in this way have higher porosity, which permits the infiltration of hitherto unattainable quantities of the actinide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00175.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Assessment of Micro-Analytical Techniques to the Semiconductor Manufacturing Environment (1998)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 63-64 (Dec. 1998), p. 383-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/26/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.63-64.383.pdf
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalytic and stoichiometric hydrogen formation by UV irradiation of sodium and zinc sulfide (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 3473-3482 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Katalytische und stöchiometrische Bildung von Wasserstoff bei der UV-Bestrahlung von Natrium- und ZinksulfidUV-Belichtung (λ ≥ 248 nm) von Natriumsulfid in wäßriger Lösung führt zu Wasserstoff und Disulfid, Φ(H2) = 0.34 bei λ = 254 nm. Die Lichtabsorption erfolgt durch HS-, dessen Primärreaktion zum HS-Radikal und solvatisierten Elektron durch Blitzlichtspektroskopie und Pulsradiolyse untersucht wurde. In Gegenwart von Natriumformiat wird die Wasserstoffentwicklung katalytisch in bezug auf HS-, Φ(H2) = 0.12 bei λ = 254 nm. Deuterierungsexperimente deuten darauf hin, daß die Wasserstoffbildung teilweise über eine Abstraktionsreaktion zwischen Wasserstoffatomen und Formiatmolekülen erfolgt. Letztere werden schließlich zu Carbonat oxidiert. Wird Methanol statt Formiat verwendet, werden zusätzlich zu Wasserstoff und Carbonat noch Ethanol, Ethylenglycol, Methan und Formaldehyd gebildet. Die direkte, homogene Photolyse von HS- trägt beträchtlich zur heterogenen, Zinksulfid-katalysierten Wasserstoffentwicklung bei, wenn letztere in Quarzapparaturen in Gegenwart von Natriumsulfid durchgeführt wird.
    Notes: UV irradiation (λ ≥ 248 nm) of sodium sulfide in aqueous solution leads to hydrogen and disulfide, Φ(H2) = 0.34 at λ = 254 nm. Light absorption occurs by HS- which affords the solvated electron and the HS radical as indicated by flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis. In the presence of formate, hydrogen evolution becomes catalytic with respect to HS-, Φ(H2) = 0.12 at λ = 254 nm. Deuteration experiments indicate that hydrogen formation occurs partially via hydrogen atoms which abstract hydrogen from formate. The latter is finally oxidized to give carbonate. When methanol is used instead of formate, there are produced ethanol, ethylene glycol, methane, and formaldehyde in addition to hydrogen and carbonate. It is shown that the direct homogeneous photolysis of HS- may contribute significantly to the heterogeneous zinc sulfide-catalyzed hydrogen evolution in the presence of sodium sulfide when performed in quartz vessels.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19861191122
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoinduzierte Elektronenübertragung mit Metalldithiolenen (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 1936-1948 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Photoinduced Electron Transfer with Metal DithiolenesMetal dithiolenes of the type [ML2][G]2 (M = Ni, Zn, Cd, and Hg; L = an 1,2-ethylenedithiolate; G = K+, Na+, or NBu+4) were studied by laser flash photolysis in water or ethanol/water. Photoionization of the Ni and Zn complexes (1 and 2) was established by the spectral and kinetic properties of the solvated electron and the corresponding anions of the metal dithiolenes. The solvated electron was observed with λexc = 248 nm (M = Ni, Zn, Cd) and 308 nm (M = Zn, Ni) but not with λexc = 353 nm and also not for M = Hg (λexc = 248 nm). Anion radicals were also observed by pulse radiolysis in aqueous solutions saturated with N2O. For the quinoxaline and the toluenedithiolate complexes (6 and 7, resp., M = Zn) a third transient was identified as a triplet state. The new charge-transfer (CT) complex (8) is of the same type (M = Zn) but [G]2 now represents the electron acceptor methylviologen (MV2+). Excitation within the CT-band (λexc = 530 nm) or at 353 or 308 nm afforded MV+. and [ZnL2]-..
    Notes: Metalldithiolene des Typs [ML2][G]2 (M = Ni, Zn, Cd und Hg; L = ein 1,2-Ethylendithiolat; G = K+, Na+ oder NBu+4) wurden in Wasser oder Ethanol/Wasser mit der Laserblitzphotolyse untersucht. Die Photoionisierung der Nickel- und Zinkkomplexe (1 bzw. 2) ließ sich durch die spektroskopischen und kinetischen Eigenschaften des solvatisierten Elektrons und des entsprechenden Metalldithiolen-Anions nachweisen. Das solvatisierte Elektron war bei Einstrahlung mit λexc = 248 nm (M = Ni, Zn, Cd) und 308 nm (M = Zn, Ni), nicht dagegen mit λexc = 353 nm und auch nicht bei M = Hg (λexc = 248 nm) zu beobachten. Die Radikalanionen wurden auch mit der Pulsradiolyse in N2O-gesättigten wäßrigen Lösungen beobachtet. Bei den Chinoxalin-und Toluoldithiolat-Komplexen (6 bzw. 7, M = Zn) wurde als dritter Transient ein Triplettzustand identifiziert. Der erstmalig isolierte Charge-Transfer(CT)-Komplex (8) ist von gleichem Typ (M = Zn), wobei [G2] nun den Elektronenakzeptor Methylviologen (MV2+) Darstellt. Anregung innerhalb der CT-Bande (λexc = 530 nm) oder bei 353 und 308 nm ergab MV+. und [ZnL2]-..
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19851180518
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