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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lissage d'un profil de raie de diffraction pour analyse de Fourier (1985)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 18 (1985), S. 248-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The fast Fourier transform algorithm commonly used for line profile analysis requires a list of values of the diffracted intensity with constant sinθ step; raw data are usually obtained at constant 2θ step; to interpolate between the measured values an analytic expression of the profile function is very useful. Statistical estimation is used to fit an analytic function to data; the only assumption made is the continuity of this function and no critical initialization is needed. Three different expressions are used: a Fourier sum for the peak and two polynomials of a suitable variable for the tails; the algorithm provides continuity for the function and its first derivative. Simulated examples using a Lorentzian and a Gaussian function are given and several criteria of goodness of fit are examined. The program runs on a PDP 11/03 Digital computer with only 45 kbytes available memory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889885010226
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of freezing on the biomechanics of the intervertebral disc (1998)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 20 (1998), S. 403-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Intervertebral disc ; Freezing ; Biomechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le stockage des pièces anatomiques n'est possible que s'il existe un mode de conservation fiable des tissus biologiques. La détermination d'un tel procédé présente donc un double intérêt clinique (transplantation de segments de colonne vertébrale) et expérimental (programme d'enseignement et de recherche). La congélation simple à −18° C est, parmi les autres modes de conservation tels que la cryopréservation et la lyophilisation, le moyen le plus simple et le moins coûteux de conserver des pièces rachidiennes. Ce mode de conservation altère t-il la biomécanique de pièces anatomiques congelées et tout particulièrement celle du disque intervertébral ? Cette expérimentation a porté sur l'analyse biomécanique comparée avant et après trois mois de congélation de 19 segments de colonne vertébrale de mouton (4 unités fonctionnelles C4–C5, 3 unités C7-T1, 6 unités T13-L1 et 6 unités L5–L6). Les résultats montrent qu'il n'existe pas de différence significative (avec un risque d'erreur de 5 %) entre les segments de colonne vertébrale congelés et frais en terme d'amplitude et de rigidité à l'exception du segment C7-T1 où les conditions de validité des tests statistiques ne sont pas réunies. Les résultats de cette expérimentation permettent de valider ainsi un modèle biomécanique congelé.
    Notes: Summary Storage of anatomic specimens is possible only if there is a reliable method for preservation of the tissues. The establishment of such a procedure is thus of twofold importance: clinical (transplantation of segments of the vertebral column) and experimental (research and teaching programs). Simple freezing at −18° C is the simplest and least expensive method for storing spinal specimens compared to other modes of storage such as cryo-preservation and lyophilization. Does this mode of storage affect the biomechanics of frozen anatomic specimens, in particular those of the intervertebral disc? This experiment dealt with the comparative biomechanical analysis before and after three months of freezing of 19 segments of the sheep vertebral column (4 functional C4–C5 units, 3 C7-T1 units, 6 T13-L1 units and 6 L5–L67 units). The results showed that there was no significant difference (risk of error 5%) between frozen and fresh segments of vertebral column in terms of amplitude and rigidity, except for the C7-T12 segment where the conditions of validity of the statistical tests were not met. The results of this experiment allowed us to validate a biomechanical model to assay the effects of freezing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01653130
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of freezing on the biomechanics of the intervertebral disc (1999)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 20 (1999), S. 403-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Intervertebral disc ; Freezing ; Biomechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Storage of anatomic specimens is possible only if there is a reliable method for preservation of the tissues. The establishment of such a procedure is thus of twofold importance: clinical (transplantation of segments of the vertebral column) and experimental (research and teaching programs). Simple freezing at −18°C is the simplest and least expensive method for storing spinal specimens compared to other modes of storage such as cryo-preservation and lyophilization. Does this mode of storage affect the biomechanics of frozen anatomic specimens, in particular those of the intervertebral disc? This experiment dealt with the comparative biomechanical analysis before and after three months of freezing of 19 segments of the sheep vertebral column (4 functional C4-C5 units, 3 C7-T1 units, 6 T13-L1 units and 6 L5-L67 units). The results showed that there was no significant difference (risk of error 5%) between frozen and fresh segments of vertebral column in terms of amplitude and rigidity, except for the C7-T12 segment where the conditions of validity of the statistical tests were not met. The results of this experiment allowed us to validate a biomechanical model to assay the effects of freezing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-998-0403-9
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anatomical study of digital compression of the vertebral artery at its origin and at the suboccipital triangle (1985)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 7 (1985), S. 77-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Vertebral artery ; Compression ; Vertebrobasilar insufficiency ; Supraclavicular area ; Suboccipital triangle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La compression manuelle de l'artère vertébrale est utilisée, quotidiennement, en clinique, pour le diagnostic de l'insuffisance vertébro-basilaire (IVB) posturale hémodynamique. Une étude anatomique portant sur 20 sujets a été effectuée afin de préciser les modalités de cette compression, élective, respectant le paquet jugulo-carotidien au creux sus-claviculaire et au niveau du triangle de Tillaux. Les variations anatomiques sont comparées à une série de 105 angiographies et aux données de la littérature. Cette compression sélective de l'artère vertébrale peut être objectivée par contrôle Doppler. Elle induit chez les patients atteints d'IVB des signes d'ischémie cérébelleuse ou du tronc cérébral réversibles en 8 à 15 minutes et elle est négative en dehors de l'IVB.
    Notes: Summary Manual compression of the vertebral artery is used in routine clinical practice for diagnosis of positional hemodynamic vertebro-basilar insufficiency (VBI). The supraclavicular and suboccipital areas were carefully dissected in 20 cadavers. Anatomical variations observed on dissection were compared to angiographic data from 150 patients and data from the literature. Objective results of manual compression of the vertebral artery can be obtained by sonography. In patients with VBI, such compression induces signs of reversible cerebellar or brain stem ischemia, whereas no signs are observed in patients without VBI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01655508
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reducing the cervical flexion tear-drop fracture with a posterior approach and plating technique: an original method (1999)
    Springer
    European spine journal 8 (1999), S. 110-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Key words Cervical spine ; Sinal injury ; Tear-drop fracture ; Posterior plating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Flexion tear-drop fractures (FTDF) in the cervical spine constitute a highly unstable condition with a high incidence of neurological complications due to posterior displacement of the fractured vertebra in the spinal canal. The widely accepted surgical management for this condition includes complete excision and grafting of the vertebral body through an anterior approach. Thorough radiological and CT analysis of FTDF shows that the vertebral body is often separated into two parts by a sagittal plane fracture, but remains continuous through the pedicle and anterior arch of the vertebral foramen with the lateral mass and the articular processes. We therefore hypothesized that reduction would be possible by acting on the articular process through a posterior approach with a particular plating technique. Eight patients with FTDF were operated on with the technique we describe. Three had complete tetraplegia, four had incomplete tetraplegia and one was normal. A preoperative CT scan was made in all patients. Local kyphosis, posterior displacement of the vertebral body, and general lordosis in the cervical spine were recorded. In all cases, a satisfactory reduction was achieved on the postoperative radiographs and at the mean follow-up of 18.6 ± 12.1 months, with residual posterior displacement being less than 1 mm. No complication occurred. Out of seven neurologically impaired patients, five showed some motor recovery at the latest follow-up. The posterior technique is described, and the rationale and pros and cons are discussed. The study showed that posterior reduction and fixation of flexion tear-drop fracture is not only possible, but permits an accurate restoration of the anatomy of the fractured cervical spine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005860050138
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined injuries in the upper cervical spine: clinical and epidemiological data over a 14-year period (2000)
    Springer
    European spine journal 9 (2000), S. 386-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Key words Spine ; Cervical ¶vertebrae ; Spinal fractures ; Spinal ¶injury ; Atlas ; Axis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Concomitant traumatic injuries in the upper cervical spine are often encountered and rarely reported. We examined the data concerning 784 patients with cervical spine injuries following trauma, including 116 patients with upper cervical spine injuries. Twenty-six percent of patients with upper cervical spine injuries (31 cases) were found to have combined injuries involving either the upper or the upper and lower cervical spine. The frequent patterns were combined type I bipedicular fracture of the axis and dens fracture, and combined dens fracture and fracture of the posterior arch of C1. Other patterns posed specific problems, such as combined dens and Jefferson fracture and combined dens and C2 articular pillar fracture. Seventy percent of atlas fractures, 30% of C2 traumatic spondylolistheses and 30% of dens fractures were part of a combination. A total of 1.7% of patients with lower cervical spine injuries had a combined injury in the upper cervical spine. A comprehensive therapeutic schedule is outlined. Combined injuries in the upper cervical spine should be sought in any patient with a cervical spine injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005860000153
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The place of early posterior intertibiofibular bone-grafting in the treatment of infected non-unions of the leg (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology 8 (1998), S. 71-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1068
    Keywords: Leg fractures ; Non-union ; Infection ; Bone-grafting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The authors present a series of 22 cases of fistular non-unions of the leg treated by posterior intertibiofibular bone grafting (GITP), between 1982 and 1984. The average follow-up was 6 years (3–9 years). Healing occured in 16 cases within 326 days after GITP alone, 3 needed complementary grafting, and there were 2 failures (1 amputation). The authors emphasise the value of the early posterior retrofibular approach. This procedure should be done early where there is extensive bone loss, or in severe compound comminuted fractures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01682045
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental evidence of damaged zones in thin Ta2O5 anodic layers on polycrystalline tantalum foils (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 3 (1992), S. 29-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The challenge recently demanded of electrolytic tantalum capacitors is to be able to operate above the frequency of 1 MHz which can be carried out insofar as their equivalent series resistance (ESR) is sufficiently small. Now, the mechanical quality of the oxide layers plays a determining part in the value of the ESR and the purpose of the present work is to detect in the oxide layer the areas most likely to be damaged but not yet cracked. It is shown that weaker zones exist in the oxide layer. These zones are revealed by chemical etching. The relative damaged area of one sample relative to another is correlated with the grain size ratio, by means of XPS, SEM and liquid capacitance measurements. It is established that the amorphous oxide is preferentially etched just above the grain boundaries of the tantalum substrate. These results lead to the conclusion that annealing at the greatest possible temperature has the best effect on the mechanical quality of the oxide layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00701091
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