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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical & engineering data 32 (1987), S. 31-33 
    ISSN: 1520-5134
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A R 401 Waters Assoc. differential refractometer has been modified to obtain the variation of refractive index increments, dn/dc, of polymer solutions at 633 nm. The introduced modifications were in the sample injection system and in the light source. The performance of the modified refractometer both with aqueous and organic solutions is analyzed. In order to localize a conformational transition in lysozyme, the dependence of dn/dc on temperature for lysozyme solutions in phosphate buffer is studied. Similarly, (dn/dc)k values for the ternary n-alkane/butanone/poly(dimethyl siloxane) systems over the whole composition range of the binary solvent mixtures are evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 252 (1974), S. 349-349 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 256 (1978), S. 102-102 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 256 (1978), S. 187-187 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 583-584 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 14 (1991), S. 590-592 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Hydrodynamic chromatography ; Internal standard ; Liposome size ; Egg yolk ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Internal calibration in modified hydrodynamic chromatography has been realized by the approach of Prieve and Hoysan, i.e. the use of polystyrene monodisperse latexes to evaluate the equivalent capillary radius, R. The value obtained has been used to estimate the average sizes of a variety of liposome samples from egg yolk lecithin.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Um die Einflüsse von Kation, Lösungsmittel und Estergruppe auf die Stereoregularität von Polyalkylmethacrylaten zu studieren, wurden die Methyl-, Äthyl- und Butyl-methacrylsäureester bei -70°C in Dimethoxyäthan und bei -78°C in Tetrahydrofuran unter Verwendung von Diphenyllithium, -natrium und -kalium als Initiatoren polymerisiert. Die Poly(alkylmethacrylate) wurden in Polymethylmethacrylate verwandelt und ihre Stereoregularität mittels NMR untersucht.Alle Polymeren sind vorwiegend syndiotaktisch und haben ρ-Werte (Persistenzverhältnisse) in der Nähe von 1. Die syndiotaktische Struktur scheint durch das Kation in der Reihenfolge Li+ 〉 Na+ 〉 K+ begünstigt zu werden. Das Lösungsmittel besitzt keinen eindeutigen Einfluß, da seine Wirkung vom System Kation/Monomeres abhängt. Wenn auch die Ester-Seitengruppe keine eindeutige stereoregulierende Wirkung ausübt, ist doch anzunehmen, daß die syndiotaktischen Stellungen in der Reihenfolge n-Butyl 〉 Äthyl ⋍ Methyl begünstigt werden. Die Ergebnisse werden im Lichte des Mechanismus von COLEMAN und FOX diskutiert, der darauf basiert, daß die wachsenden Ketten in zwei verschiedenen Formen vorliegen; diese Zustände werden als freie Ionen und verschiedene Typen von Ionenpaaren identifiziert, da das Vorhandensein eines gemeinsamen Kations die Stereoregularität des gebildeten Polymeren beeinflußt.
    Notes: In order to study the influence of cation, solvent and ester group on the content of stereoregular units of poly(alkylmethacrylates), methyl, ethyl and n-butyl methacrylates have been polymerized at -70°C in dimethoxyethane and at -78°C in tetrahydrofuran using biphenyllithium, -sodium and -potassium as initiators. The poly(alkylmethacrylates) have been transformed into poly(methylmethacrylates) and their content of steric units was determined by NMR.All the polymers are predominantly syndiotactic and show values of ρ (persistence ratio) close to the unity. The syndiotactic content seems to be enhanced by the cation in the following order : Li+ 〉 Na+ 〉 K+. The solvent does not play a common role, its effect depends on the cation/monomer system. Although the ester side group has not a pronounced stereodirecting effect it seems that syndiotactic positions are favoured in the following order: n-butyl 〉 ethyl ⋍ methyl. The results are discussed in terms of the two states mechanism of COLEMAN and FOX, and those states are identified as free ions and different types of ion pairs, since the presence of a common cation affects the content of stereoregular units of the polymer.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Änderung der Leitfähigkeit mit der Konzentration des lebenden Polymethylmethacrylats in Tetrahydrofuran wurde bei -78°C in Gegenwart von Lithium, Natrium oder Kalium als Gegenion untersucht. Die experimentellen Bedingungen für die Bildung der lebenden Polymeren waren analog denjenigen, die man bei der Gewinnung von Proben mit enger Molekulargewichtsverteilung anwendet. Als Initiatoren wurden Biphenyl-Li, -Na oder -K verwendet, deren Dissoziationskonstanten bei 25°C die Werte 2,7·10-6, 0,83·10-6 bzw. 0,18·10-6 Mol/l ergaben.Die Auftragung von log Λ gegen log c ergibt für die lebenden Polymeren Geraden mit Anstiegen zwischen -0,17 und -0,28, je nach der Art des verwendeten Kations. Bei hoher Verdünnung knicken die Geraden mit einem Anstieg von -0,50 ab. Die nach der Methode von FUOSS berechneten Werte von Kd betragen für die Gegenionen Li⊕ und K⊕ 4,4·10-10 bzw. 2,1·10-10 Mol/l. Für Na⊕ war es nicht möglich, den Wert von Kd zu bestimmen; er scheint aber zwischen den Werten von Li⊕ und K⊕ zu liegen.
    Notes: The change in conductivity with concentration has been studied for living poly(methyl methacrylate) at -78°C in tetrahydrofuran as solvent and using lithium, sodium, and potassium as gegen-ions. The experimental conditions of MMA polymerizations have been similar to those used to prepare monodisperse samples. Biphenyl-alkali metal complexes have been used as initiators. Their dissociation constants have been determined at 25°C with values 2.7·10-6, 0.83·10-6, and 0.18·10-6 mole/l., for Li⊕, Na⊕, and K⊕ as gegen-ions, respectively.Log Λ vs. log c plots for living polymers yield straight lines with slopes varying between -0.17 and -0.28, depending on the cation. At dilute concentrations the slopes sharply jump up to -0.50. The values for the dissociation constants, calculated by FUOSS method, are 4.4·10-10 and 2.1·10-10 mole/l., with Li⊕ and K⊕ as gegen-ions, respectively. In the case of Na⊕ a quantitative estimation of Kd was not possible, but, qualitatively, it appears to be intermediate between those for Li⊕ and K⊕.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 3 (1965), S. 171-173 
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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