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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Systemic reactions to specific immunotherapy in children with respiratory allergy: a prospective study (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 6 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this multi-centre prospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of systemic reactions to specific immunotherapy in children with allergic asthma and or rhinitis. One thousand and fifty-six children (653 boys and 403 girls), median age 8.5 years, were enrolled in this three-year prospective study. All the children were treated with injections of the following allergenic extracts: 689 of house dust mite, 291 of grass, 109 of Parietaria, 13 of Alternaria, 6 of Artemisia and 11 of Olea. Among 1056 treated children, 41 (3, 7%) had systemic reactions: 40 children (3.7%) experienced mild symptoms such as asthma and/or urticaria, and only one shock (0.08%). A total of 47, 247 injections were administered, and the rate of systemic reactions, according to the number of total injections was only 0.08%. According to the allergenic extract, systemic reactions occurred in 29/689 children (4.2%) treated with house dust mites extract (0.09% of the injections), in 9/291 children (3.1%) treated with grass extract (0.07% of the injections) and in 3/109 children (2.8%) treated with Parietaria extract (0.06% of the injections). The prevalence of systemic reactions was significantly higher (p〈 0.0001) in the children treated with house dust mite extract in comparison with those treated with pollen extracts. All the systemic reactions appeared within 30 minutes following the administration of the extract and occurred in 37/41 cases (90.2%) with the same dose, previously tolerated. Most reactions were mild, and were readily controlled by immediate emergency treatment. There was no need for hospitalization. The low prevalence of systemic reactions (0.08% of the total injections and 3.7% of the total treated, indicates that specific immunotherapy with inhalant allergens is safe in children with respiratory allergic diseases.;
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.1995.tb00257.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tolerance to a rice hydrolysate formula in children allergic to cow's milk and soy (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Even hydrolysed cow's milk formulae may retain residual allergens and there are few nutritional options for children with cow's milk allergy (CMA) who also react to soy.Objective  To assess clinical tolerance to a rice-based hydrolysate in children with such a clinical presentation.Patients and methods Eighteen children (six girls and 12 boys; median age 5 years; range 1–9 years) with CMA, who developed clinical reactions to a soy-based formula after 2–18 months' treatment, were recruited between January 1998 and June 1999. Clinical evaluation was by skin prick test (SPT) with cow's milk, casein, lactalbumin, soy and rice allergen extracts, fresh cow's milk, soy and hydrolysated rice formula (HRF). Serology was investigated by CAP system technology and immunoblotting. Assessment of the rice formula was carried out by double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge with rice hydrolysate.Results Thirteen children had positive SPT to casein, 10 to lactalbumin, eight to rice and two to rice hydrolysate. Positive serology was found in all patients' sera tested with cow's milk, with soy in 13 sera and with rice in seven. Double-blinded, placebo-controlled challenge with an HRF was negative in all cases.Conclusions Children allergic to cow's milk and soy tolerate an HRF clinically. This suggests that rice hydrolysate may be used as a protein source for children with multiple food-induced reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01781.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral food challenges in children in Italy (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Epidemiological surveys identify a 900 000-strong potential paediatric population who may self-report with food allergy in Italy. As the reference test is the double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge for diagnosis, we carried out a nation-wide questionnaire survey of hospital-based paediatric allergy centres between 1 January and 30 June 2003.Methods:  All registered centres received a 27-point questionnaire polling logistics and protocols of oral food challenge. Items polled included medical facilities and personnel, selection of patients, foods tested, blinding, placebo use, evaluation criteria, number of tests and positive outcome rates in 2002.Results:  Two hundred and two of 456 responders (44.3%) carried out food challenges (a ratio of one centre to 37 400 children in the general population). 11 728 challenges were performed in 2002 (an average of 58 procedures per centre; range: 1–500) and 3350 procedures were claimed positive (28.6%). Cow's milk was tested by all centres, egg by 77.2%, beef by 19.8% and cereals, peanuts, fish or fruit collectively by 37.6%. Twenty-nine of 202 centres performed blinded tests, 18 of which under double-blinded conditions. In cow's milk challenges, placebos included lyophilized cow's milk capsules, soy formula, extensive whey hydrolysate or extensive casein hydrolysate.Conclusion:  Our survey reveals great differences in challenge test criteria, facilities and procedures and that many centres perform relatively few procedures. This argues in favour of greater rationalization in the allocation of tertiary-level resources before procedure standardization can be contemplated in the diagnostic workup of food allergy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00777.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beef allergy in adults and children (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00647.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of bovine serum albumin epitopes and their role in allergic reactions (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Allergy 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective:  This review provides updated information on conformational and sequential epitopes identified in bovine serum albumin (BSA) and summarizes available data about the role of structural modifications on BSA antigenicity/allergenicity.Data sources:  Data on beef allergy and BSA antigenicity are reported, with reference both to the basic literature and to clinical results obtained by our group.Results and discussion:  BSA is an important allergen involved in milk and beef allergy. The presence of conformational epitopes has been suggested by indirect evidence, while at least one sequential epitope has been experimentally identified. The role of structural modifications on BSA antigenicity is discussed as well as the increased tolerance observed in allergic subjects consuming beef as strained (homogenized) and freeze-dried derivatives.Conclusion:  Study of the molecular characteristics of a known major allergen allows the identification of technological processes that may be capable of improving the tolerance of allergic subjects to a specific food. Even though any hoped for reduced allergenicity must be verified under medical supervision, the use of new products could obviate the need to avoid important foods such as meat in childhood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00568.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dietary treatment of childhood atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS) (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Allergy 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective:  This review summarizes the research and clinical evidence in favour of dietary intervention aimed at eliminating allergenic foods in the management of atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS).Data sources:  The data source was PubMed, using a search algorithm selecting for clinical studies of AEDS, diet therapy and food allergy in all children to October 2003. Also included is a commentary based on the authors' clinical experience in the allergy unit of a university hospital in Italy.Results:  Fourteen prospective studies matched the entry criteria. Diverse trial designs, diagnostic criteria, types of dietary intervention and length of observation periods precluded meta-analytic methods. Allergenic food exclusion claimed efficacy in 13 of the 14 studies and was most useful in infants, in patients with elevated immunoglobulin E levels and/or multiple food sensitization and in patients with a diagnosis of food allergy.Conclusion:  Dietary intervention in the form of an elimination diet is efficacious in children with AEDS when a specific diagnosis of food allergy has been made. Diagnostic evaluation of food allergy should be performed in all children with eczema, particularly in younger children and those with severe forms of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00653.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat treatment modifies the allergenicity of beef and bovine serum albumin (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of heat on the allergenicity of beef and bovine serum albumin was investigated among 10 toddlers skin prick test (SPT)-positive to raw and cooked beef. The meat-allergy diagnosis was confirmed during double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) with 180 g of beef cooked for 5 min at 100°C. SPT with homogenized and freeze-dried beef, and heated and unheated bovine serum albumin were performed. Both heated and unheated bovine serum albumin, homogenized beef, and freeze-dried beef were used in trial DBPCFC. All children were SPT-positive to unheated bovine serum albumin. Seven were positive to heated bovine serum albumin, one to freeze-dried beef, and none to homogenized beef. DBPCFCs were negative for homogenized beef and freeze-dried beef, positive for unheated bovine serum albumin in five patients, and positive for heated albumin in four children. We conclude that heating reduces sensitization to beef and bovine serum albumin but does not abolish reactivity to albumin under home conditions. However, industrially heat-treated and sterilized homogenized beef and freeze-dried beef may be suitable substitutes in beef-allergic children's diets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03977.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PKU-related dysgammaglobulinaemia: The effect of diet therapy on IgE and allergic sensitization (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 17 (1994), S. 710-717 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of diet on the development of immunoallergic signs and symptoms in children with phenylketonuria (PKU) was evaluated. Immunological indices of 58 children with PKU treated with diets were compared to the immunological indices of 58 healthy (non-PKU) children. In the PKU group, 39 children had been placed on diet therapy within the first month of life; 19 children had been placed on diet therapy after 6 months of age. Total circulating lymphocytes; CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ circulating lymphocytes; and serum IgA, IgM, IgG and total IgE levels were measured for each child. Skin prick tests were performed for common inhalant and food allergens. Every 3 months over the 2-year period of this study, the signs and symptoms of eczema, allergic rhinitis and asthma were recorded. The PKU group had lower IgG levels (p=0.004) and higher total IgE levels (p=0.0001) than the control group. Significantly lower IgE levels were found in children started on diet therapy within the first month of life compared with those started on diet therapy after 6 months of age (p=0.0001). Allergic sensitization was significantly more frequent in the PKU group (24/58 vs 13/58,z=2.00,p〈0.05), but no significant difference in the incidence of eczema and allergic rhinitis was found. Asthma was less frequent in the PKU group than in the control group (5/58 vs 14/58,z=2.09,p〈0.05). Thus, diet appeared to prevent the development of immunoallergic signs and symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00712013
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnesium-deficient rickets in a phenylketonuric patient on dietary treatment (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 9 (1986), S. 215-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01799709
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