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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Radioiodinated Phospholipid Ether Stereoisomers (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 38 (1995), S. 3156-3162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00016a019
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific adherence of Candida tropicalis to lysophospholipids (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 33 (1994), S. 9496-9503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00198a015
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human Trophoblast Invasion (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 734 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb21740.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palmitoyl carnitine, a lysophospholipase-transacylase inhibitor, prevents Candida adherence in vitro (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 151 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Candida adherence is poorly understood. The results of this study indicate that interactions of Candida with the lyso-forms of phospholipids may be one important attachment mechanism. C. tropicalis and C. albicans adhered to purified lysophospholipids immobilized on microtiter wells, as well as to a human laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma (HEp-2) cell line. Adherence to both lysophospholipids and HEp-2 cells was significantly reduced by palmitoyl carnitine, a lysophospholipase-transacylase inhibitor. Over time there was a positive correlation between Candida adherence and its transacylase activity. The data suggest that palmitoyl carnitine interferes with Candida adherence to lysophospholipids and the HEp-2 cell line by blocking the interaction between the Candida-associated transacylase enzyme receptor site and its lysophospholipid substrate ligand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10399.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and regulated expression of the Candida albicans phospholipase B (PLB1) gene (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 167 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Degenerate oligonucleotides (derived from conserved regions of PLB1 genes from S. cerevisiae and other fungi) were used to amplify PLB1 homolog fragments from C. albicans and C. tropicalis by using the polymerase chain reaction. The C. albicans PLB1 fragment was then used as a probe to clone the full-length gene and to monitor PLB1 mRNA expression. The C. albicans PLB1 gene consists of a 1815-bp open reading frame encoding a putative protein of 605 amino acids. It contains the highly conserved Gly-X-Ser-X-Gly catalytic motif, found in all lipolytic enzymes, and exhibits significant homology with other fungal PLB1 gene products (∼63% similarity, ∼45% identity). Blastospores and pseudohyphae expressed higher levels of PLB1 mRNA than germ-tube-forming cells. TUP1, a general transcriptional repressor, may regulate PLB1 expression in C. albicans, since PLB1 expression was the highest in tup1Δ mutants and did not vary in response to environmental stimuli. Together, these results suggest that expression of the C. albicans PLB1 gene is regulated as a function of morphogenic transition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13223.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The glial cells missing-1 protein is essential for branching morphogenesis in the chorioallantoic placenta (2000)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 25 (2000), S. 311-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Trophoblast cells of the placenta are established at the blastocyst stage and differentiate into specialized subtypes after implantation. In mice, the outer layer of the placenta consists of trophoblast giant cells that invade the uterus and promote maternal blood flow to the implantation site by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/77076
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations into the route of uptake and pharmacokinetics of intraperitoneally-administered monoclonal antibodies: I. Transdiaphragmatic blockade of the terminal lymphatics in the rat (1990)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 31 (1990), S. 365-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recent studies on the intraperitoneal administration of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies indicate that the diaphragm and, in particular, the lymphatics associated with the diaphragm are more involved in the transport of such high-molecular-mass moieties than was earlier suspected. The current study examines the role of the diaphragm in the i.p. transport of an IgG2a murine monoclonal antibody, 5G6.4, by observing the effect on the absorption of the antibody produced when the diaphragm has been scarred. Normal, sham-operated, and diaphragmatically scarred (abrasions made with 600-grade sandpaper) female Sprague Dawley rats (150–250 g) were administered intraperitoneal injections of125labeled 5G6.4 in a volume of 2.0 cm3. Approximately 5 µg antibody protein was administered in the individual 19-µCi injections per rat. Scarring was effective in partially blocking the amount of labeled antibody that crossed the diaphragm. Mean diaphragm levels (% injected dose/g) of125I-labeled 5G6.4 from the scarred group were 16.8% lower than values from the sham-operated rats and 37.2% lower than those from the control rats. The blockade was effective in slowing the appearance of the labeled antibody in the systemic circulation. The half-time to absorption was significantly prolonged in the scarred group; meant1/2 absorption values of 2.5 h for the control group, 5.3 h for the shamoperated group, and 9.6 h for the diaphragmatically blocked group were recorded. Scarring the diaphragm reduced the mean maximum blood concentration by 27.6% over the control group and 23.9% over the sham-operated group. The mean time to maximum blood concentration was lengthened by 93.0% over the control group and 35.3% over the sham-operated group due as a result of scarification. Presumably this impedence to absorption would increase the time that the radiolabeled antibody bathed the peritoneal space. The scarred group also had the largest “system mean residence time” (162.5 h) compared to the sham-operated (147.9 h) and control (118.7 h) groups. These values further verify the effect of surgery on the kinetics of the i.p. administered radiolabeled monoclonals. This work demonstrates that scarifying the diaphragm does alter the kinetics of the i.p. administered monoclonal antibodies and supports the concept that transdiaphragmatic lymphatic absorption is an important route of antibody clearance from the peritoneal cavity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01741408
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postural effects on peritoneal transport and systemic uptake of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (1997)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 44 (1997), S. 173-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Monoclonal antibodies ; Pharmacokinetics ; Posture ; Intraperitoneal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  To optimize the regional delivery advantage with i. p. administration of monoclonal antibody (mAb) for radioimmunotherapy, it may be possible to delay the rate and extent of mAb absorption from the peritoneal cavity by simply altering the position of a patient after radioantibody administration. It has been shown that the hydrostatic pressure against the diaphragm plays a major role in the rate of egress of radioantibodies from the peritoneal cavity and that fluid removal from the peritoneal cavity can be altered by posture. The current study examined postural effects in normal rats following the i. p. injection of 125I-5G6.4 murine IgG2a anticarcinoma antibody (45 μCi). A 10-ml injection volume of the radioantibody solution was administered to rats restrained in either a supine or inclined (reverse Trendelenburg; feet down at a 45° angle) position. Pharmacokinetic analysis confirmed that the appearance of the radioantibody into the systemic circulation was delayed in the inclined group. The time to peak blood concentration was prolonged from 14.7 (supine) to 19.2 (inclined) hours (P = 0.005). All other pharmacokinetic parameters were equivalent across the treatment groups. The mean half-life of 166 h, mean blood clearance of 9 ml/min, and mean steady-state volume of distribution of 36 ml were consistent with previous experience with this radioantibody in the rat. The intrinsic absorption profile indicated that the mean percentage absorption from the peritoneal cavity to the blood stream was greater in the supine animals from 4 h after i. p. injection until absorption was complete. By 10 h after injection, absorption from the peritoneal cavity was essentially complete in the supine-dosed animals, while those restrained in an inclined position had cleared only 50% of the total absorbed dose. Hence, the regional delivery advantage afforded by intraperitoneal administration of the radioantibody may be further exploited by maintaining an inclined position throughout the absorption phase, a strategy that may be applicable to radioimmunotherapy of patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002620050370
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake of positron emission tomography tracers in experimental bacterial infections: a comparative biodistribution study of radiolabeled FDG, thymidine, l-methionine, 67Ga-citrate, and 125I-HSA (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 26 (1999), S. 333-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Bacterial infection ; Fluorodeoxyglucose ; Thymidine ; l-Methionine ; Gallium-67 citrate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the localization of positron emission tomography (PET) tracers [2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose (FDG), thymidine, and l-methionine] in sites of bacterial infection, and to contrast this with that of other tracers. The left calf muscles of rats were infected with a suspension of Escherichia coli and the biodistribution of 18F- or 3H-FDG, 3H-thymidine, l-11C- or 3H-methionine, gallium-67 citrate (67Ga-citrate) and iodine-125 human serum albumin (125I-HSA) was determined in these animals. 3H-FDG uptake in the infectious foci was evaluated by autoradiography of histological sections. Although 18F-FDG, 67Ga-citrate, and 125I-HSA showed comparatively high uptake in the infected muscle [the percentage activity of injected dose (ID) per gram of tissue normalized for rat weight in kilogram (%ID/g)×kg at 2 h postinjection was as follows: 18F-FDG, 0.184±0.026 to 0.218±0.046; 67Ga-citrate, 0.221±0.016; 125I-HSA, 0.198±0.019], the infected muscle to blood ratio was much higher for 18F-FDG than for 67Ga-citrate or 125I-HSA (18F-FDG, 10.31±0.76 to 14.89±2.26; 67Ga-citrate, 1.24±0.67; 125I-HSA, 0.20±0.02). The draining reactive lymph nodes also showed higher accumulation of 18F-FDG than of 67Ga-citrate or 125I-HSA. The uptake of 3H-thymidine and l-11C- or 3H-methionine in the infected muscle was lower than that of 18F- or 3H-FDG (at 2 h postinjection, 3H-thymidine = 0.039±0.005 and L-3H-methionine = 0.063±0.007 (%ID/g)×kg. Autoradiographs showed that the highest 3H-FDG uptake was seen in the area of inflammatory cell infiltration surrounding the necrotic region. In conclusion, 18F-FDG, which rapidly accumulates in sites of bacterial infection and in reactive lymph nodes with a high target to background ratio, appears to be a promising infection detection agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002590050395
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of extracellular matrix by the trophoblastic cells of first-trimester human placentas (1985)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 27 (1985), S. 31-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: human placenta ; cytotrophoblastic cells ; extracellular matrix ; degradation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: First-trimester human placental villi were cultured on 3H-leucine-labeled extracellular matrices isolated from the PF HR9 and PYS-2 cell lines. Both cell lines produced an extracellular matrix that contained basement membrane-specific macromolecules, including type IV collagen, laminin and proteoglycan. Both matrices promoted outgrowth of cells from the villi which, according to morphological criteria, were identified as cytotrophoblastic cells. As the cells migrated from the attachment site, they caused a marked focal dissolution of the matrix which was accompanied by a concomitant release of 3H-labeled material into the media. Approximately half of this material chromatographed near the inclusion volume of Sephadex G-50, indicating that the labeled matrix components had been degraded. This phenomenon was dependent on the age of the placenta. Second-trimester placental villi also adhered to the matrix, but no areas of dissolution were formed and no significant amounts of radioactivity were released into the medium. These results suggest that culture of first-trimester human placental villi on extracellular matrices may be useful for the study of some of the early embryonic events leading to human implantation, during which the trophoblastic cells erode the uterine epithelium.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240270105
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