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  • 1
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Schlagwort(e): breast cancer ; genetic counselling ; risk assessment
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Background:With the identification of genes predisposing tohereditary breast cancer, the accurate and consistent estimation of a woman'srisk of developing breast cancer based on her family history is of paramountimportance if national service guidelines are to be developed. Patients and methods:The residual lifetime risk of developingbreast cancer was estimated for 200 women attending a breast cancer geneticassessment clinic by three different methods currently in use in the UK. Riskswere computed on the basis of the Cancer and Steroid Hormone (CASH) study dataand were classified as ‘low/moderate’ (〈20%) or ‘high’(〉20%). These risk categories are representative of those currentlyused to allocate surveillance and genetic testing. Risks were then comparedto estimates derived by other methods used in current clinical practice,including those of Houlston and Murday. Results:The CASH data-based method ascribed 27% to thehigh risk category, as compared to 53% for the combined Houlston andMurday methods. A method based on the number of affected relatives aloneascribed only 14% to the high risk category. Overall, 108 (54%)women were placed in the same risk category by all three methods. Conclusions:This study demonstrates that there is a significantdegree of variability between methods currently used to estimate breast cancerrisk which has serious implications for individual patient management, serviceprovision and multicentre studies evaluating the benefits of genetic testingfor breast cancer susceptibility.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 2 (1991), S. 13-22 
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A test methodology was developed for exposing degradable polymer test specimens to a simulated chemical and mechanical body environment and then testing them periodically to detect changes in stress-strain behavior. Poly(ortho ester) specimens were exposed to cyclic loading in aerated tris-buffered saline (pH = 7.4) at 37°C. Specimens were removed at various time periods and the mechanical properties determined. To determine the effects of cyclic loading alone, additional specimens were cycled in air for the same cyclic periods and tested in the same manner. To determine the effects of a constant load on degradation rate, other specimens were subjected to a static load while exposed to trisbuffered saline. Additional specimens were subjected to immersion in tris-buffered saline without loading.Exposure to tris-buffered saline alone had a small effect on the rate of change of the mechanical properties of the poly(ortho ester) specimens while cyclic loading in air alone had no effect. However a combination of both exposure to tris-buffered saline and a static load decreased the flexural yield strength by 29% and the modulus of elasticity by 20% after 40 days, and a combination of both exposure to tris-buffered saline and cyclic loading decreased both the flexural strength and modulus by 75% after 40 days.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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