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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 1723-1728 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Very stable field electron emission from TiC single crystals was observed. No current fluctuations were included in an emission current of 10 μA in a vacuum of 10−8 Pa. Step- and spike-like current fluctuations were slightly included when the emission current was large. The frequency and the amplitude of the current fluctuations were largely dependent on the sorts of the residual gas molecules. For instance, when the total emission current was 10 μA, no current fluctuation was included in 10−6 Pa of H2; on the other hand, fluctuations of several percents were included in 10−7 Pa of O2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 40 (1968), S. 879-889 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1438-8359
    Keywords: Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate ; Tranexamic acid ; Thromboelastography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although a number of hemostatic drugs are currently used during surgery to reduce hemorrhage, their effects on bleeding are still controversial. Furthermore, few studies have been made on their prophylactic effects. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of hemostatic drugs on bleeding. Thirty adult patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery were randomly assigned to receive carbazochrome sodium sulfonate and tranexamic acid immediately after induction of anesthesia (group H,n=15) or no hemostatic drugs (group C,n=15). Common coagulation-tests [prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB)], thromboelastography [reaction time (R), coagulation time (K), maximum amplitude (MA), clot formation rate (α)], and determination of bleeding time were conducted before induction of anesthesia and just before the completion of surgery. PT, R, and K decreased significantly in both groups, while MA and α increased and FIB decreased significantly in group C. No significant difference in blood loss was observed between the groups. Our findings, therefore, suggest that these two hemostatic drugs do not have prophylactic effects on intraoperative bleeding. Further studies are, however, necessary before applying these results to all surgical patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 89 (1965), S. 278-281 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Einfluß der sterischen Struktur des Polyvinylalkohols auf die Verseifungsgeschwindigkeit des daraus hergestellten Polyvinylacetals wurde untersucht. Je höher der syndiotaktische Anteil des Polyvinylalkohols ist, um so leichter ist das daraus entstandene Polyvinylacetal hydrolysierbar. Modellversuche führten zu demselben Ergebnis: Das Acetal aus dl-Pentan-diol-(2,4) (dem syndiotaktischen Anteil entsprechend) wird leichter hydrolysiert als die dem isotaktischen Anteil entsprechende Mesoform. Dieses Ergebnis stimmt völlig mit dem überein, was in sterischer Hinsicht zu erwarten ist.
    Notes: The effect of the steric structure of the original polyvinyl alcohol on the rate of hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetal derived therefrom has been investigated. As the syndiotactic content of the original polyvinyl alcohol increased, the acetal derived therefrom became more easily hydrolyzable. Confirmation on the model compound led to the same conclusion; acetal derived from dl-type pentane-2,4-diol (corresponds to the syndiotactic portion) hydrolyzed more easily than that from the meso-type diol (corresponds to the isotactic portion). These results are entirely consistent with that expected from the conformational view.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 65 (1963), S. 81-85 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die sterische Struktur von Polyvinylformiat, das durch Polymerisation im festen Zustand hergestellt wurde, wurde untersucht. Röntgen-, Infrarot- und Löslichkeitsmessungen am Polymeren weisen auf Stereoblockbildung hin. Ein scharfer Reflex bei d = 4,10 Å im Röntgenspektrum scheint dem (220)-Reflex zu entsprechen, welcher der stärkste Reflex im Spektrum des isotaktischen Polyvinylformiats ist. Dieses zeigt, daß die Länge der isotaktischen Sequenzen ausreicht, um durch Röntgenbeugung festgestellt werden zu können. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen an aus Polyvinylformiat hergestelltem Polyvinylalkohol weisen ebenfalls auf Stereoblockbildung hin. Zweifellos spielt die räumliche Anordnung des Vinylformiats im kristallinen Zustand eine wichtige Rolle bei der Stereoregulierung des Polymeren.
    Notes: The steric structure of polyvinyl formate prepared by the solid state polymerization has been investigated. From the X-ray and infrared spectra and solubility of the polymer, a stereoblock structure was proposed.A sharp reflection at d = 4.10 Å in the X-ray spectrum of the polymer seems to correspond to (220) reflection which is the strongest reflection in the spectrum of isotactic polyvinyl formate. This indicates that the length of the isotactic sequence in the polymer is long enough to be able to form an order detectable with X-ray diffraction. The results of the examination on polyvinyl alcohol derived therefrom also support the view of stereoblock structure. Undoubtedly the spatial arrangement of vinyl formate in the crystalline state plays an important role to the stereoregulation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Intensitäten der Infrarotabsorptionsbande bei 916 cm-1 wurden für verschiedene Polyvinylalkohole unterschiedlicher Taktizität gemessen. Zwischen Bandenintensität und syndiotaktischer Struktur wurde eine Abhängigkeit gefunden. Es wird vorgeschlagen, diese Bande als ein Maß für die Syndiotaktizität in Polyvinylalkohol anzusehen.
    Notes: The intensities of the infrared absorption band at 916 cm-1 have been measured for various polyvinyl alcohol samples of different tacticities. A close relation has been discovered between the band intensity and syndiotactic structure. It is proposed that this band provides a measure of syndiotacticity in polyvinyl alcohol.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 117 (1968), S. 190-202 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die spezifische Viskosität [η] von Polyacrylnitril (PAN) in einem Mischlösungsmittel aus Äthylencarbonat und Wasser (85:15 Gew.-%) wurde bei Temperaturen zwischen 30 und 44°C bestimmt, um die KUHN-MARK-HOUWINK-SAKURADA-Beziehung [η] = KmMa zu ermitteln. Die bei der Bestimmung henutzten Proben wurden unter verschiedenen Bedingungen hergestellt. Die FLORY-Konstante K wurde aus Viskositätsdaten unter Anwendung der folgenden drei Methoden abgeschäzt: nach Methode 1, aus Km, wenn der Exponent gleich 0.50 ist, nach Methode 2, aus der Auftragung von [η]M1/2 gegen M1/2 (nach STOCKMAYER-FIXMAN), nach Methode 3, aus der Auftragung von \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document} $$ - \log {\rm K}_{\rm m} + \log {\rm [1 + 2\{ (a - 0,5)}^{{\rm - 1}} - 2\} {}^{ - 1}] $$\end{document} gegen (a - 0,5) (nach KAMIDE u. Mitarb.). Bei Anwendung von Methode 3 wurden die Viskositätsdaten von PAN in Dimethylformamid, die nach KAMIDE u. Mitarb. oder aus der Literatur erhalten worden waren, eingesetzt. Es wurde gefunden, daß K = (2,8 ± 0,2)·10-3 unabhängig von den Herstellungsbedingungen der Proben ist. Weiterhin zeigte sich, daß sowohl der Lösungsmitteleffekt auf K als auch der Beitrag des Durchspülungseffektes auf [η] zu vernachlässigen sind. Der Konformationsparameter σ, das ist das Verhältnis des Kettenendenabstandes der Kette des Polymeren in ungestörtem Zustand zu. dem Verhältnis in frei rotierendem Zustand, ergab die Zahl 2.37.
    Notes: The intrinsic viscosities of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in mixed solvent of ethyler carbonate and water (85:15, in weight) at temperatures from 30 to 44°C have been measured to establish the KUHN-MARK-HOUWINK-SAKURADA relation, [η] = KmMa. The samph used in the determination were prepared under different conditions. The FLORY constant was estimated from viscosity data using three different methods. Method 1, from Km who the exponent a equals 0.50. Method 2, from the plot of [η]/M1/2 against M1/2 (the STOCKMAYER-FIXMAN plot). Method 3, from the plot of \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ - \log {\rm K}_{\rm m} + \log {\rm [1 + 2\{ (a - 0.5)}^{{\rm - 1}} - 2\} {}^{ - 1}]$\end{document} against (a -0.5) (KAMIDE et al.'s treatment). In applying the method 3, the viscosity data of PAN in dimethylformamide (obtained by. KAMIDE et al. as well as in literature) were utilized. As a result, K = (2.8 ± 0.2)·10-3 was found to be independent of the preparativ conditions of the samples. Both the solvent effect on K and the contribution of the drainir effect to [η] were found to be negligible. The conformational. parameter σ, the ratio of the end to end distance of the polymer chain in the unperturbed state to that in free rotating state, was found to be 2.37.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 4 (1966), S. 787-790 
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 5 (1967), S. 551-556 
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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