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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PREVALENCE OF RAYNAUD'S PHENOMENON AND SPECIFIC CLINICAL SIGNS RELATED TO PROGRESSIVE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION OF JAPAN (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 32 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. In order to evaluate the prevalence rates of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and specific clinical signs related to progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) in the general population of Japan, inquiries were made concerning RP in the hands and dermatologic examinations were also conducted. Methods. One thousand and sixty-three subjects (332 men and 731 women) over 30 years of age who underwent inhabitants' health examinations in 1990 were considered for this study. Results. The prevalence of RP was 3.0% in men and 3.4% in women. In 8 men and 17 women with RP who received the blood tests, the positive rates of antinuclear antibody (ANA) were 12.5% and 35.3% in men and women, respectively. The prevalence rates of all five specific clinical signs related to PSS, sclerodactyly, pitting scars of the fingers, brown pigmentation of the body, shortened frenulum of the tongue, and flexion contracture of fingers, were under 2% in men and 3% in women. In women with RP the prevalence rates of sclerodactyly, pitting scars of the fingertips, brown pigmentation of the body, and shortened frenulum of the tongue were 16.0, 4.0, 4.0, and 16.0%, respectively. These values were significantly higher than those of persons without RP. Conclusions. Because some persons with primary RP may become typical cases of PSS within several years, a follow-up study, particulary for women who have positive titers of ANA with RP, should be carried out to find out whether the persons suffer from PSS or not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1993.tb04020.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: A CASE-CONTROL EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY IN JAPAN (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 34 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is designated by the Japanese government as one of the intractable diseases and all patients, who suffer from these diseases, are registered to get financial aid for treatment. Using newly registered SLE patients, a case-control study was conducted to evaluate potential risk factors. Methods. Two-hundred and eighty-two women SLE patients, newly registered to receive financial aid for treatment, and 292 randomly selected health examination participants at public health centers (controls) were surveyed from April 1988 through March 1990. By means of a self-administered questionnaire, data concerning demographic variables, smoking and drinking habits, past medical and reproductive history, and family history were collected. Results. Based on unconditional logistic regression analysis, the risk of SLE was significantly increased for current smokers (age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.34–3.97). Alcohol and milk intake were inversely associated with risk. Family histories of asthma and collagen diseases, including SLE, were associated with significantly elevated risk of SLE (OR = 2.07, 95% ci 1.14–3.77; OR = 5.20, 95% CI 1.08–24.95, respectively). Regarding reproductive function, women with menarche at age 15 or later had significantly higher risk than those, who started menstruating before age 12 (OR = 3.82, 95% CI 1.66–8.81 for menarche at 〉 15 years and OR = 2.90, 95% a 1.14–7.39 for menarche at 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:00119059:IJD333:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉 16y). Conclusions. Our study suggests several risk factors, including smoking, family history, and reproductive history that may increase the risk of SLE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1995.tb03614.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell proliferation and differentiation in intramucosal and advanced signet ring cell carcinomas of the human stomach (1987)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 411 (1987), S. 117-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Stomach ; Signet ring cell carcinoma ; Tritiated thymidine autoradiography ; Cell differentiation ; Cancer progression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to study the progression of signet ring cell carcinomas in the human stomach, we compared cell proliferation and differentiation between small and large intramucosal cancers, and between intramucosal and advanced cancers. Fine-structurally, signet ring cells were differentiated to 3 cell types: a foveolar, a glandular and an intestinal type. In the mucosa, the foveolar-type cells and glandular-type cells were distributed at the superficial and the deep zone, respectively. In the small mucosal cancers, intestinal-type cells were rare and a layered structure was often seen. In this structure, the mode of cell production resembled that in the normal gastric mucosa; the foveolar-type signet ring cells in the superficial layer were not proliferative and the proliferating cells were small cells in the middle layer and a few glandular-type cells in the deep layer. In the large mucosal and advanced cancers, intestinal-type cells and proliferating small round cells were often distributed throughout the depth of the mucosa, and signet ring cells of the foveolar type were also proliferative. These findings indicated that large part of the signet ring cell carcinomas initially form the layered structure and that it becomes indistinct while intestinal-type cells appear as the tumour grows. However, we found several small advanced cancers, lacking both the layered structure and the intestinal-type cells. These cancers appear to start without the layered structure and progress very rapidly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00712735
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3-D observation of N-cadherin expression during cardiac myofibrillogenesis of the chick embryo using a confocal laser scanning microscope (1993)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 187 (1993), S. 115-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Cell adhesion molecule ; Cadherin ; Myofibrillogenesis ; Actin filament ; Cardiac looping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is not yet understood whether cell adhesion molecules play an active role in early cardiac morphogenesis or not. We present here the spatial and temporal expressions of N-cadherin and its relationships to actin filaments during looping (7- to 13-somite stages) of the chick embryonic heart tube observed by means of a confocal laser scanning microscope. Serial optical tomograms were obtained from the whole-mounted heart tubes stained with antibody to N-cadherin (fluoresceinconjugated) and phalloidin (rhodamine-conjugated). Three patterns of N-cadherin expression were observed during looping; a belt-like pattern, speckled pattern, and clumped pattern, corresponding to adhesion belt, nonjunctional cell contact and early intercalated disks, respectively. At the 7-somite stage, myocytes expressed N-cadherin as adhesion belt and nonjunctional cell contact. At the 8- to 10-somite stages, the clumped pattern of N-cadherin was detected before striated myofibrils appeared. Myofibrils began to develop across the clumps to form transcellular networks in the outer layer, and to form circumferential alignments in the inner layer. These results suggest that N-cadherin is responsible for the connection of myofibrils between the neighboring myocytes, and the alignment of the two layers in the developing heart tube.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00171742
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3-D observation of actin filaments during cardiac myofibrinogenesis in chick embryo using a confocal laser scanning microscope (1992)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 185 (1992), S. 401-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Laser scanning microscope ; Chick embryo ; Actin filament ; Myofibrinogenesis ; Cardiac looping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), we observed subcellular three-dimensional (3-D) arrangements of actin filaments stained with fluorescein-labeled phalloidin during myofibrinogenesis of chick embryonic heart (7- to 13-somite stages). Serial optical tomograms were obtained from whole-mounted heart tubes and reconstructed into stereoscopic images. Development of myofibrils in myocardial differentiation considerably differed in inner and outer myocardial cell layers. In the outer layer, initial myofibrils appeared along cell membranes at the 8-somite stage. They increased rapidly and constituted network structures with spatial extension over cell-cell junctions. In the inner layer, myofibrils appeared at the bottom, facing the cardiac jelly, at the 10-somite stage, and, when the straight heart tube began to bend, they were already aligned circumferentially in the direction of the heart tube. Double staining of fluorescein-phalloidin and DiI [1,1′-dioctadecyl-3, 3,3′,3′-tetramethylindo-carbocyanine perchlorate; DiI-C18-(3)] of the looped heart revealed that while myocytes in the outer layer were round, those of the inner layer were spindle-shaped, and their long axes coincided with the circumferential direction. These results suggest that the circumferentially arranged myofibrils at the bottom of the inner layer may play an important role in the looping of the heart tube.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00188551
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal and spatial patterns of phosphotyrosine immunolocalization during cardiac myofibrillogenesis of the chicken embryo (1997)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 196 (1997), S. 81-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Phosphotyrosine ; Myofibrillogenesis ; Chick ; Cell-cell adhesion ; Cell-matrix adhesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  To investigate the possible role of phosphorylation of protein tyrosine during myofibrillogenesis (6- to 13-somite stages) of the chicken embryonic heart tube, immunolocalization of phosphotyrosine (P-Tyr) and the relationship between P-Tyr and developing myofibrils were studied by means of confocal scanning laser microscopy and immuno-electron microscopy. The staining pattern of P-Tyr varied in different sites of myocytes at different stages of embryonic development: At the cell-cell boundaries, P-Tyr was localized at the adhesion belt of outer myocardial layer cells (6- to 13-somite stages), non-junctional cell-cell contacts (6- to 13-somite stages) and early intercalated disks of both the outer and inner myocardial layer cells (8- to 13-somite stages). At the cell-extracellular matrix boundaries of inner layer cells, the first stages of myofibril formation appeared as serially aligned areas of P-Tyr localization closely associated with circumferentially aligned thick actin bundles (8- to 9-somite stages). This P-Tyr immunostaining decreased when the thick actin bundles developed into mature striated myofibrils at the 10- to 13-somite stages. These findings suggest that the phosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues is primarily concentrated at the modulating cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion sites of developing myocytes and myofibrils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050081
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional observation with a confocal scanning laser microscope of fibronectin immunolabeling during cardiac looping in the chick embryo (1995)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 191 (1995), S. 183-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Fibronectin ; Cardiac jelly ; Myofibrillogenesis ; Cardiac looping ; Confocal scanning laser microscope
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract From the beginning of cardiac myofibrillogenesis in the chick embryo, developing myofibrils at the bottom of the inner myocardial cell layer facing the cardiac jelly are already aligned circumferentially in the direction of the heart tube. To elucidate the mechanism of this alignment, we investigated the temporal and spatial expression of fibronectin and its relationship to actin filaments before and during looping (4- to 13-somite stages) by using a confocal scanning laser microscope. Serial optical tomograms were obtained from whole-mounted heart tubes stained with fluorescein-conjugated antibody against cellular fibronectin and rhodamine-conjugated phalloidin. Before looping (4- to 7-somite stages), particulate and speckled fibronectin formed loose networks. At the onset of looping (8- to 9-somite stages), fine fibrils of fibronectin appeared. They became dense and were arranged circumferentially in the direction of the heart tube. They were aligned parallel with the thick actin bundles that appeared as an initial stage of developing myofibrils. During looping, (10- to 13-somite stages), fibronectin fibrils were fragmented and showed a speckled pattern, while the number of circumferentially aligned mature striated myofibrils increased. These observations suggest that the temporal arrangement of fibronectin fibrils at the beginning of looping plays a role in the circumferential alignment of developing myofibrils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187817
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Standardization of the post-irradiation method to eliminate primary fluorescence in cytofluorometry (1977)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 52 (1977), S. 119-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thorough irradiation of specimen with the strong excitation light after fluorescent Feulgen staining destroys the primary fluorescence in the background with stabilization of specific fluorescence of pararosaniline (post-irradiation method). An apparatus to perform effective post-irradiation was developed and irradiation condition for DNA cytofluorometry on a pararosaniline Feulgen stained smear was standardized. After 10 h irradiation on this condition, the primary fluorescence in the background is almost completely cleared away. Proportionality between amount of fluorescence and DNA content is perfectly preserved and standard deviation in each class of ploidy becomes to be less than 5% of the mean DNA value. The standardized post-irradiation enables us to obtain reproducibly the same values of fluorescence on Feulgen stained nuclei of the same cell population in different smears even if the staining conditions in Schiff's solution might be different to some extent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00492288
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytofluorometric analysis of cell proliferation and differentiation of the human erythroblasts (1977)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 52 (1977), S. 317-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The method of cytofluorometric measurement of the contents of Hb and nuclear DNA on a single erythroid cell (Fukuda et al., 1975, 1977 a) was used for the quantitative analysis of the erythropoiesis in normal human bone marrow. The intracellular Hb in an erythroid cell was converted to fluorescent porphyrin after removing the Giemsa staining by irradiation with violet light in the presence of SH-donor (mercaptoethylamine hydrochloride, MEA) and its nuclear DNA was subsequently stained with pararosaniline Feulgen staining. With the two quantitative parameters, Hb content and DNA amount, the erythroid cells in normal human bone narrow were classified into 6 classes of different maturation stages (EI-EIV). The morphological characteristics of the most primitive erythroblast (EI cells) were described. The “proerythroblasts” which were identified on the bases of morphological criteria had in general aneuploid amounts of nuclear DNA with disproportional contents of Hb, thereby indicating that they are rather aberrations from the normal steps of cell maturation. The DNA amounts of “orthochromatic erythroblasts” (EV cells) showed continuous decrease from diploid range to almost zero suggesting that the removal of nuclear DNA from the erythroblast is not exclusively due to mechanical expulsion of a whole intact nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00508404
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA cytofluorometry on large and small cell nuclei stained with pararosaniline Feulgen (1973)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 36 (1973), S. 193-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To examine reliability of DNA cytofluorometry with conventional Feulgen staining, measurement was carried out on smears of small and large neurons of human cerebellum, using a Digital-Microfluorometer with incident green light excitation. Nuclear fluorescence of the inner granule neuron and the Purkinje cell came to good agreement with each other when the staining was reduced so that the maximal extinction of the excitation beam nowhere exceeded the value of 0.1. The reduction of the feulgen staining is realized with unimpaired proportionality by treatment with 0.05% Schiff's reagent (pH 2.3) at 7–10° C for 10 min. It is concluded that this staining condition assures accurate determination of DNA content irrespective of size of the nucleus and of pattern of the chromatin distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00306309
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