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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The movement of chloride ion and the movement and degradation of fluometuron in two soils of contrasting texture and structure was predicted with a simulation model which included terms for the degradation of fluometuron as a function of temperature and moisture. The simulated distributions of soil water, chloride ion and fluometuron were compared with the observations reported in a previous paper (Hance, Embling, Hill, Graham-Boyce & Nicholls, 1981), Soil waler contents and fluometuron distribution were simulated reasonably accurately. Movement of chloride to below 30 cm in both soils and degradation of fluometuron in the WRO sandy loam soil were not well simulated. The discrepancies between observed and predicted water contents and chloride distribution show the importance of measuring dynamic as well as static water properties. Therefore refined simulation models may need to account for pore continuity, soil particle movement and mobile and immobile categories of water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The distributions of two herbicides and two radioactive ions in field plots at two sites were determined at periods up to 187 days following surface applications in the spring. The results demonstrated the variability characteristic of field situations. At one site some fluometuron moved a short distance down the profile but after 187 days most remained above 6 cm whereas at the other site there was essentially no movement below 3 cm. At both sites simazine was almost entirely confined to the top 3 cm. The adsorption characteristics of the two compounds are similar so the greater mobility of fluometuron is probably a consequence of its greater solubility, Measurements of 36Cl− indicated a significant movement of water through the 30 cm depth studied. 144Ce3+ used as a tracer of soil particles was of similar mobility to simazine.In general the movement of chloride and the two herbicides can be interpreted in terms of the concept of mobile and immobile fractions of soil water in which a proportion of the mobile water does not reach equilibrium with solutes in the bulk of the soil. Soil structural effects may therefore be more important than adsorption in controlling the movement of solutes and redistribution in association with soil particles can be significant. A parallel laboratory experiment showed that the results from a standard leaching column procedure did not necessarily indicate field performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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