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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 267 (1977), S. 294-294 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] WRITING a book about our planetary companions in the Solar System is, and has been for over ten years, a hazardous business. The rate of exploration has been such that inevitably parts of such a book are out-of-date even before it arrives on the bookstands; this is because new, important and often ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 266 (1977), S. 338-340 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Map of Mt Etna summit, showing the activity 1974-76, and the location of the levelling traverse. ?, Principal benchmark; D, principal benchmark destroyed by lavas of September to November 1975; O, approximate centre of quiet emission of lava; arrows show directions of lava flows. After ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 294 (1981), S. 548-550 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In 1975 we presented evidence1 for the rate at which magma appears at the summit and at the flank vents of Etna during the period 1966-74 and for the rate at which it erupted solely on the flanks of the volcano over a longer period (1535-1974). We now extend this record of volumetric discharge of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 290 (1981), S. 584-586 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Etna is a central-vent volcano some 3 km high, with numerous parasitic cones. The position of the central conduit has shifted with time, each change in location generally being preceded by caldera collapse1. Almost continuous activity occurs at or near the summit where there is a steady effusion of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 255 (1975), S. 385-387 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The historical record of activity on Etna is unrivalled in the large number of lava flows of known date and areal extent: Sartorius von Waltershausen1 compiled a map of the lavas formed before 1839, and each eruption since then has been documented. Nevertheless, few attempts have been made to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 266 (1977), S. 752-752 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] AT a first glance this book is very impressive; it is beautifully presented and contains large numbers of high quality pictures, both in colour and in black-and-white. For a subject which relies much on interpretation of photographs taken of other planets, this is highly commendable. The author has ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 209 (1966), S. 851-853 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE Russian probe Luna 9 was reported to have landed at the selenographic position λ = 64 22' W., β = 7 8' N. (astronautical convention). This places it 70 km north-east of the rim of the well-known 64-km diameter structure, Cavalerius, on the border of Oceanus Procellarum. The touchdown appears to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 208 (1965), S. 677-678 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Previous age determinations on the ignimbrites by the Branch of Isotope Geology of the U.S. Geological Survey6 gave a minimum age of 5 million years and practically eliminated the possibility of a Pleistocene age. The field work2'6 has shown that the deposition of the ignimbrite formation, which ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0819
    Keywords: lava flows ; xenoliths ; nodule beds ; levee deposits ; Hualalai Volcano, Hawaii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The basaltic Kaupulehu 1800–1801 lava flow of Hualalai Volcano, Hawaii contains abundant ultramafix xenoliths. Many of these xenoliths occur as bedded layers of semi-rounded nodules, each thinly coated with a veneer (typically 1 mm thick) of lava. The nodule beds are analogous to cobble deposits of fluvial sedimentary systems. Although several mechanisms have been proposed for the formation of the nodule beds, it was found that, at more than one locality, the nodule beds are overbank levee deposits. The geological occurrence of the nodules, certain diagnostic aspects of the flow morphology and consideration of the inferred emplacement process indicate that the Kaupulehu flow had an exceptionally low viscosity on eruption and that the flow of the lava stream was extremely rapid, with flow velocities of at least 10 m s-1 (more than 40 km h-1). This flow is the youngest on Hualalai Volcano and future eruptions of a similar type would pose considerable hazard to life as well as property.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0819
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumé Utilisant récemment des publications sur les datations radiométriques de couches importantes à l'intérieur de la succession de l'Etna, nous proposons d'établir des corrélations entre les biostratigraphies du Quaternaire Récent de la Péninsule Italienne et due fond marin Méditerranéen. Par ce procédé, nous pouvons établir les conditions paléoclimatiques, paléohydrologiques et paléogéographiques par stades selon l'évolution du volcan, capendant il faut tenir compte du fait que plusieurs suites volcaniclastiques majeures se sont formées à partir d'opérations de processus qui etaient eux-mêmes sous une complexe influence écologique plutôt que volcanologique seulement. Il est suggéré, en particulier, que certains épisodes d'activités phreatomagmatiquer et laharique ne puissent être reliés à des épisodes de production de magma plus elaborée, mais plutôt à des périodes pendant lesquelles le milieu, la hauteur et la configuration de l'Etna ont favorisé l'éruption et la localisation de ces dépôts. Les auteurs réitèrant leur explication sur la formation de la Vallée del Bove selon un processus de rupture radicale de pente et indiquent que les conditions favorables à ce dernier sont survenues à un stade opportun dans l'histoire du volcan. Ceci amènè à conclure que, sur des volcans basaltiques actifs comme l'Etna en particulier qui sont egalement des montagnes élevées, l'explication de phases plus violentes demande la consideration de facteurs volcanologiques internes d'une part, et morphologiques et écologiques externes d'autre part et que ceci est essential lorsque son développement a été fixé dans le contexte du changement de milieu au Quaternaire Recent. Enfin, il faut tenir compte de l'implication de ces résultats face aux incidences de risques.
    Notes: Abstract Using recently published radiometric dates of important horizons within the Etna succession, correlations are proposed with the Late Quaternary biostratigraphies of the Italian mainland and the Mediterranean sea floor. This enables palaeoclimatic, palaeohydrological and palaeogeographical conditions on Etna to be established at stages in the volcano's evolution. It is argued that several major volcaniclastic suites were formed through the operation of processes that were under complex environmental, rather than simple volcanological control alone. In particular it is suggested that certain episodes of phreatomagmatic and laharic activity cannot be related to episodes of more evolved magma production, but rather to times during which the environment, height and configuration of Etna favoured the eruption and emplacement of these deposits. The authors reiterate their explanation of the formation of the Valle del Bove through processes of massive slope failure and indicate that conditions favouring this occurred at an appropriate stage in the history of the volcano. It is concluded that on active basaltic volcanoes, especially those like Etna which are also high mountains, the explanation of more violent phases requires the consideration of both internal volcanological and external environmental and morphological variables and that this is particularly important when its development has been set within the context of Late Quaternary environmental change. Finally the implications of these findings for the assessment of hazard are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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