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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECT OF PHENYLPYRUVATE ON OXIDATIVE-PHOSPHORYLATION IN BRAIN MITOCHONDRIA (1969)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 16 (1969), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— A mitochondrial fraction isolated from the cerebral cortex of immature rats was shown to possess the characteristics of intact, functional mitochondria. Phenylpyruvate, in low concentrations, had an inhibitory effect upon oxygen utilization by this system without uncoupling phosphorylation. The inhibition was specific for the keto acid and to pyruvate as substrate. It was concluded that phenylpyruvate inhibits the oxidation of pyruvate and the implications of this are discussed in relation to phenylpyruvic oligophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1969.tb05951.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE INFLUENCE OF TYROSINE, PHENYLPYRUVATE AND VITAMIN B6 UPON SEIZURE THRESHOLDS (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 18 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Thresholds to the first appearance of a myoclonic jerk and to the appearance of tonic-clonic seizures induced by the convulsant, hexafiuorodiethyl ether, were examined in immature rats at sequential time intervals following the administration of L-tyrosine, L-phenylalanine, Na-phenylpyruvate and several forms of vitamin B6. l-Tyrosine failed to lower either seizure threshold even though plasma and brain levels of tyrosine exceeded those obtained with a dose of phenylalanine that was effective in lowering threshold. Na-phenylpyruvate lowered both seizure thresholds at a time that correlated with elevation of brain phenylalanine. Pyridoxine hydrochloride, pyridoxal-5′-phosphate and pyridoxamine phosphate all lowered both seizure thresholds. The time course and dose dependency of the effects of B6 vitamers were examined; the effect of phenylalanine on seizure threshold was unrelated to derived tyrosine or phenylpyruvate and vitamin B6 was not involved. The enhanced cerebral excitability following administration of B6 vitamers is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1971.tb12009.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RELATIONSHIP OF PHENYLALANINE TO SEIZURE THRESHOLD DURING MATURATION (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 17 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —The effect on seizure threshold of the acute intraperitoneal administration of dl-phenylalanine in varying doses to the albino rat at different ages was investigated. Seizure threshold was measured by the technique using the volatile convulsant, hexafluorodiethylether. The alterations in seizure threshold associated with administration of the amino acid were correlated with blood and brain levels of phenylalanine and tyrosine. In 3- to 4-week-old albino rats the reduction in seizure threshold was directly related to the amount of phenylalanine administered. The effect was detected at 30 min after injection and had returned to control levels by 2 hr after administration of 20 or 40 mg of Dl-phenylalanine and by 3 hr following the injection of 80 mg. There was a decreasing susceptibility to reduction in seizure threshold associated with phenylalanine administration with increasing age of the animals. The time course of reduction in seizure threshold in the youngest animals was temporally related more to the rise and fall of concentrations of phenylalanine in brain than to plasma levels of phenylalanine. The seizure threshold in 10-week-old animals was not reduced in spite of comparable elevation of blood and brain phenylalanine to the levels effective in 3- to 4-week-old animals. The results have been discussed in relation to previous studies on chronic, oral administration of phenylalanine to the rat and to possible mechanisms of action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1970.tb02224.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AMINO ACIDS AND CEREBRAL EXCITABILITY (1969)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 16 (1969), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— —Seizure threshold, measured with hexafluorodiethyl ether, was shown to be reduced in immature albino rats fed a diet containing excess tryptophan. Similar diets containing excess glycine, serine, leucine, valine or lysine had no effect on seizure threshold. Previous studies had shown phenylalanine, tyrosine and methionine to enhance cerebral excitability with the same technique. The increased cerebral excitability was shown to occur within 24 hr following diet supplementation with phenylalanine. Brain concentration of hexafluorodiethyl ether was identical in control and experimental animals, although the experimental animals had lowered seizure thresholds; this established an alteration in cerebral excitability rather than variation in tissue penetration by the convulsant. Alterations were found in blood and brain ammonia in serine, lysine and methionine supplemented animals. Brain glutamate and glutamine were lowered in methionine-supplemented animals; however, it was concluded that this effect was not causally related to the increased cerebral excitability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1969.tb06448.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SEIZURE THRESHOLD, ADRENALECTOMY AND SODIUM-POTASSIUM STIMULATED ATPase IN RAT BRAIN (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 15 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Adrenalectomy in the rat was shown to lower seizure threshold measured with the volatile convulsant hexafluorodiethyl ether. Although the expected hyponatraemia and hyperkalaemia were demonstrated in the adrenalectomized rats, there was no associated alteration in Na-K stimulated Mg-ATPase activity either in the whole rat brain or in a microsomal fraction. These results in brain tissue are contrasted with the marked decrease in this enzyme that occurs in kidney tissue of the rat following adrenalectomy. It was suggested that the activity of the enzyme system responsible for active cation transport responds directly in proportion to the work of active transport required by the individual tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb08950.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Folate (1972)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 240 (1972), S. 155-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Relationship of serum and CSF folate in controls. Serum and CSF folate were assayed by the aseptic technique of Herbert7 in three groups of patients. (1) Twenty-three controls, mean age 44 yr, range 29-68; undergoing myelography for back or root pain. (2) Fourteen psychiatric patients, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/240155a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of glutamine synthetases from brains of genetically epilepsy prone and genetically epilepsy resistant rats (1992)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 17 (1992), S. 1015-1019 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Glutamine synthetase ; genetically epilepsy prone rat ; manganese ; magnesium ; brain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Since glutamine synthetase (GS) has been proposed as the primary enzyme in the regulation of glutamate metabolism in the central nervous system and since inhibition of the activity of this enzyme in vivo leads to seizures, it has been proposed that an abnormality in the structure or function of this enzyme could be responsible for the induction of seizures in epilepsy prone rats. To test this hypothesis the glutamine synthetases were purified from the brains of both genetically epilepsy prone rats (GEPR) and their progenitors, genetically epilepsy resistant rats (GERR). The enzymes were compared using both SDS-PAGE and isoelectric focusing. The immunoreactivities of equal amounts of protein were determined using the ELISA technique, and the regulation of the glutamine synthetase activities by Mn2+/Mg2+ ratios were compared. The only difference found between the glutamine synthetases from the two strains was a slightly lower specific activity of the enzyme from the epilepsy prone animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00966830
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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