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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Method for Combined FDG-PET and Radiographic Imaging of Primary Breast Cancers (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    The @breast journal 9 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-4741
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the feasibility of a hybrid functional/anatomic breast imaging platform with biopsy capability for facilitating lesion detection and diagnosis. This platform consists of an investigative dedicated positron emission mammography (PEM) device mounted on a stereotactic X-ray mammography system, permitting sequential acquisition of mammographic and emission images during a single breast compression. There is automatic coregistration of images from both modalities, and these results can be successfully correlated with histopathologic findings. The potential utility of functional images correlated to anatomic images would include noninvasively detecting clinically and radiographically occult cancers, assessing response to therapy, discriminating between benign and malignant breast masses, and ultimately reducing the number of invasive and costly surgical interventions. A spot-digital mammogram and subsequent PEM image, collected over a 4-minute period, were obtained in a single patient with the breast in compression after intravenous injection of (F-18)-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) at the time of stereotactic biopsy. The authors conclude that FDG-based lesion localization information may be combined with the lesion X-ray attenuation characteristics using this common imaging platform.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4741.2003.09306.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoscopic biopsy is diagnostic in gastric antral vascular ectasia (1989)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 34 (1989), S. 885-888 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: stomach ; antrum ; vascular abnormality ; ectasia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gastric antral vascular ectasia was endoscopically diagnosed in seven patients. Pathologic characteristics of this entity were defined retrospectively, by studying endoscopic pinch biopsy slides from these seven patients and antrectomy specimens from five patients. A scoring system was developed, and the seven patients were compared prospectively with various control groups. Abnormalities of mucosal vessels (fibrin thrombi and/or ectasia) consistently distinguished patients from control antrectomies, normal biopsies, acute gastritis biopsies and atrophic gastritis biopsies (P=0.02, all comparisons). Spindle cell proliferation into mucosa also was characteristic of gastric antral vascular ectasia, distinguishing this disease from normals, acute gastritis, and atrophic gastritis (P≤0.039, each comparison). The presence of abnormal mucosal vessels (fibrin thrombi and/or ectasia) and spindle cell proliferation was similar in patient antrectomies compared to patient endoscopic biopsies. Therefore, we conclude that endoscopic biopsies can reliably diagnose gastric antral vascular ectasia, a vascular disorder characterized by abnormal mucosal vessels and spindle cell proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01540274
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation-induced proctitis cystica profunda in the rat (1990)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 35 (1990), S. 833-839 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: radiation ; rats ; proctitis ; colitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Therapeutic pelvic irradiation is notorious for the production of clinically significant sequela after a long latency. One of the rarest of these complications is proctitis cystica profunda (PCP). To study the histologic changes of chronic radiation proctitis, we evaluated 35 female Wistar rats that had received a single exposure of 22.5 Gy of radiation to the rectum and were then followed for one year. We identified PCP and its precursor lesions in 18 rats. The fully developed lesion consisted of a focal expansion of the submucosa by dilated cystic spaces lined by a single layer of benign epithelial cells. Usually, PCP evolved as glands herniated between small defects in the muscularis mucosae. Mitotic figures were not recognized in the cells lining the herniating glands. In two rats, the radiation had apparently caused large ulcers, which had subsequently reepithelialized, resulting in prominent submucosal glandular tissue. Although the number of goblet cells in the displaced epithelium was reduced, the cells had rather mature appearances ultrastructurally. Glands displaced into the submucosa were encased by an intact basal lamina but lacked in muscularis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01536796
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid-induced esophagitis in cats is prevented by sucralfate but not synthetic prostaglandin E (1988)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 33 (1988), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: esophagitis ; sucralfate ; prostaglandin ; cytoprotection ; acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cytoprotective effects of liquid sucralfate and a synthetic analog of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on acid-induced esophagitis in cats were studied. Esophagitis was induced in adult cats using a constant infusion of 0.1 N HCl at 1 ml/min for 20 min. Animals were infused for either one or three days. Mucosal lesions were evaluated by blinded investigators using both fiberoptic endoscopy and light microscopy. Histologic changes included basal cell hyperplasia, intraepithelial leukocytosis, and subepithelial leukocytosis. Liquid sucralfate given prior to acid infusion consistently prevented acid-induced lesions in both one- and three-day infusions, demonstrated by both endoscopy and quantitative histologic scoring. Indomethacin (200 μg/kg) given prior to sucralfate and acid did not affect sucralfate cytoprotection. Synthetic PGE1, given in doses of 5 μg/kg and 100 μg/kg, afforded no esophageal cytoprotection. These studies indicate that sucralfate is cytoprotective against acid-induced esophageal injury in cats, an effect that does not appear to be mediated by prostaglandin. In addition, synthetic PGE1 does not confer protection in this animal model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01535736
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estrogen receptor determination by monoclonal antibody in fine needle aspiration breast cancer cytologies: A marker of hormone response (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 287-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; cytology ; estrogen receptor ; fine needle aspiration ; immunohistochemistry ; monoclonal antibody
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A monoclonal antibody (H222) prepared against purified estrogen receptor has been demonstrated to be highly specific and sensitive in an immunohistochemical assay for the detection and quantification of estrogen receptor in human breast carcinoma biopsy specimens. To evaluate the clinical applicability of this assay in cytologic specimens, response to therapy in 12 patients with recurrent breast cancer was correlated with H222 antibody localization in specimens obtained by fine needle aspiration biopsy. All 7 patients with positive H222 responded to hormone therapy (1 complete and 3 partial remissions and 3 stable disease), while 1 of 5 patients with negative H222 responded (1 stable disease). This experience suggests a role for immunohistochemical estrogen receptor determinations in prediction of response to hormonal therapy in patients whose tumor is accessible only to aspiration biopsy. Special care in the handling and interpretation of specimens is essential to optimal application of this method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01805766
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous versus intermittent acid exposure in production of esophagitis in feline model (1992)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 37 (1992), S. 1206-1211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: acid exposure ; esophagitis ; infusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our morphometric feline model of acid-induced esophageal damage histologically resembles human reflux esophagitis. The histologic scoring system includes intensity and linear extent of basal cell hyperplasia, intraepithelial and subepithelial segmented leukocytes, and ulcers. Each of these four categories is scored from 0 to 4, for a potential total score of 16. Some reports have indicated that the long-duration acid exposure episodes during recumbent nighttime reflux are apt to be associated with greater injury than shorter episodes during daytime upright exposure. We tested the hypothesis that longer single exposures to acid would incite greater morphologic damage in the cat than would multiple, shorter acid exposures. To study the influence of continuous versus intermittent hydrochloric acid exposure, groups of six cats each were infused continuously (single infusion) for 15, 20, or 30 min, and compared with cats infused for 2-min acid infusion times. Our studies indicate that total acid exposure and mucosal damage are more likely to be greater after multiple episodes of the same total duration with adequate clearing (ie, awake upright reflux) than after single long episodes of acid exposure that are poorly cleared (ie, sleeping).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01296561
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weight loss induced by gastric implant in rats (1992)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 37 (1992), S. 1051-1056 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: gastric implant ; capsaicin ; substance P ; satiety
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To study the efficacy and mechanism of action of the intragastric bubble, 1- to 5-ml silicone bubbles were surgically implanted into the stomachs of 10- to 12-week-old female rats. To test the hypothesis that the satiety effects of the implant are mediated by visceral sensory nerves, a subgroup was treated as neonates with the sensory neurotoxin capsaicin, 50 mg/kg subcutaneously. In control animals, the implants caused a transient decrease in body weight, compared to sham-implanted animals, most evident at three days and abolished by 18 days after operation. In contrast, capsaicin-treated animals did not lose weight in response to gastric implantation. Substance P was decreased in the vagus nerves of capsaicin-treated animals, confirming sensory denervation. At autopsy, all gastric implanted rats had enlarged stomachs. We conclude that intact sensory innervation is essential for weight loss in response to the gastric bubble.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01300286
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