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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison between morphologic changes seen on high-resolution CT and regional pulmonary perfusion seen on SPECT in patients with cystic fibrosis (1997)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 27 (1997), S. 920-925 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective. To evaluate the relationship between morphologic findings seen on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the lung and regional lung perfusion depicted on single photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) pulmonary perfusion imaging in patients with cystic fibrosis. Materials and methods. Ten HRCT and 10 technetium-99 m macroaggregated albumin SPECT pulmonary perfusion imaging studies were performed on eight young adult patients who were considered to be clinically well and have mild to moderate cystic fibrosis. HRCT scans of the chest were evaluated using a CT scoring system which included grading of bronchiectasis, peribronchial thickening, hyperlucency, bullae, collapse/consolidation, and mucus plugging. Each lung was divided into six anatomic zones which were independently scored. A lung perfusion score (between 0 and 100), reflecting the percentage of compromised lung, was estimated for each zone. Axial lung perfusion SPECT images were matched anatomically to HRCT images. Lung function was considered compromised when the counts per pixel were less than 25 % of the count level seen in an area of the same patient's lung which was judged to be normal. Results. There was a statistically significant relationship (P = 0.0001) between HRCT total scores and SPECT lung perfusion scores as well as between hyperlucency scores by HRCT and the SPECT lung perfusion scores. However, the HRCT score was a poor predictor of the lung perfusion score in zones with intermediate HRCT scores, which constituted 106 of 120 zones. Conclusion. Morphologic changes depicted by HRCT correlate with decreased lung pefusion on SPECT. However, HRCT changes accurately predict regional lung function only in the most normal and severely diseased lung zones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470050272
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vesicoureteral reflux: subpopulations of patients defined by clinical variables (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 30 (2000), S. 121-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. The first imaging evaluation of the child with urinary tract infection (UTI) is often the same for all children, regardless of the child's clinical presentation. However, this approach is simplistic and ignores considerable differences in the frequency of abnormal pathophysiology in different subpopulations of children with UTI.¶Objective. Six clinical variables are evaluated as predictors of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in a large series of girls with UTI.¶Materials and methods. Data were collected from a consecutive series of 919 girls undergoing a first imaging evaluation for UTI. Six input variables were used: age, maximum body temperature (T max), number of UTIs, hospitalization, family history of childhood UTI, and rapidity of response to antibiotic therapy. The dependent variable was VUR. Data were enumerated and analyzed by logistic regression and the chi-square test.¶Results. VUR was present in 28.8 %. The percentage with VUR varied from 56.1 % for age 〈 6 months and T max L 38.5 °C to 13.0 % for age L 10 years and T max 〈 38.5 °C. The frequency of VUR was significantly lower in girls with T max 〈 38.5 °C in most age groups. Logistic regression demonstrated, when all clinical variables were taken together, that only age and T max were independent predictors of VUR.¶Conclusions. Girls with UTI should not be considered to be a homogeneous group. The frequency of VUR is related to T max and inversely to age. Data about these subpopulations should be used in deciding which girls should undergo cystography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470050028
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radionuclide angiographic and echocardiographic quantitation of left-to-right shunts in children with ventricular septal defect (1982)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 3 (1982), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Radionuclide ; Echocardiography ; Ventricular septal defect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pulmonary to systemic blood flow ratios (Qp:Qs) were estimated in 16 children with ventricular septal defects using simultaneous echocardiography and radionuclide angiography, and compared to Qp:Qs measured at cardiac catheterization by the Fick principle method (Fick). When ratios of echographic left atrial dimensions (LAD) to body surface area (LAD/M2), body length (LAD/ht), and aortic root diameter (LAD/Ao) were compared to the Qp:Qs determined by Fick, the correlation coefficients were r=0.70 for LAD/M2, r=0.66 for LAD/ht, and r=0.54 for LAD/Ao. The correlation coefficients between Qp:Qs by Fick, and left ventricular dimensions/M2 and fractional shortening of the left ventricle were not significant. The correlation coefficients between Qp:Qs and the ratios estimated by gamma-variate and area-ratio analysis of radioisotope pulmonary dilution curves were r=0.92 and r=0.84, respectively. Thus, radionuclide angiography provided more accurate quantitation of left to right shunting through a ventricular septal defect than echocardiography. However, difficulty in obtaining adequate bolus injections of the radioisotope may result in technical failures whereas echocardiographic measurement is possible in almost all pediatric patients. Finally, the gamma-variate method cannot accurately quantitate shunt ratios greater than 3.5 to 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02082323
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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