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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential regulation of ACC synthase genes in cold-dependent and -independent ripening in pear fruit (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Late pear cultivars such as Passe-Crassane (PC) require a long chilling treatment before they are capable of ripening. Early cultivars such as Old-Home (OH) have no cold prerequisite. The regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) genes was studied in OH, PC and in OH × PC hybrids in order to determine the role of this gene family in the cold requirement. Of the seven Pc-ACS cDNAs isolated, four (Pc-ACS1a/b and Pc-ACS2a/b) showed differential expression associated with the cold requirement. Pc-ACS1a transcripts accumulated throughout the cold treatment and, with Pc-ACS2a, during ripening of cold-dependent cultivars. Pc-ACS1b and Pc-ACS2b were detected only during ripening of cold-independent genotypes. Furthermore, Pc-ACS2a transcript accumulation was negatively regulated by ethylene, whereas Pc-ACS2b was positively regulated by the hormone. Pc-ACS3, 4 and 5 transcript accumulation was similar in all genotypes. Genetic analyses of OH, PC, and 22 OH × PC progenies demonstrated that late, cold-dependent cultivars were homozygous for Pc-ACS1a and 2a whereas early, cold-independent cultivars were heterozygous for Pc-ACS1(a/b) and homozygous for Pc-ACS2b. A model is presented in which differences in Pc-ACS alleles and gene expression between cold- and non-cold-requiring pears are critical in determining the ripening behaviour of the cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01218.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic control of in vitro-organogenesis in recombinant inbred lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 118 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Ninety-three recombinant inbred lines (F8) of sunflower developed by the single-seed descent method from the cross ‘PAC-2 × RHA-266’ were used to screen their regenerability by organogenesis. The experiment was designed in randomized complete blocks with three replications. Each replication consisted of 10 Petri dishes with four explants. Cotyledons were excised from 2-day-old seedlings. Each cotyledon was divided into two pieces (four explants), which were incubated in solid regeneration medium consisting of full-strength Murashige and Skoog medium modified by adding hormones. A high genotypic variability for organogenesis parameters between genotypes was observed in this study. The difference between all recombinant F8 lines and their parents was not significant, showing that the 93 inbred lines used in this experiment are representative of the total possible recombinant lines from the cross ‘PAC-2 × RHA-266′. These F8 lines were not consciously selected for any trait; therefore, they represent a random set of lines segregating for the organogenesis parameters, as well as for other traits which could be important for breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.1999.00370.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP studies of genetic relationships among inbred lines of the cultivated sunflower, Helianthus annuus L.: evidence for distinct restorer and maintainer germplasm pools (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 419-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Sunflower ; RFLP ; Genetic diversity ; Cytoplasmic male sterility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract One-hundred-and-eighty-one nuclear DNA probes were used to examine restriction-fragment length polymorphism in inbred lines of the cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The probes were from six libraries: two genomic libraries — one made with PstI and the other with HindIII, and four cDNA libraries — from etiolated plantlets, green leaves, ovaries, petals and anthers. Total DNA from 17 inbred lines representing an overview of the genetic stocks of sunflower, including restorer and maintainer lines of the classical cytoplasmic male sterility, was digested with four different restriction enzymes and probed in 331 probe-enzyme combinations. Of 181 clones analysed, 73 probes were found to be polymorphic. Genetic distances between inbreds were calculated from the resultant proportion of shared bands and submitted to principal component analysis and the UPGMA ‘tree-making’ method. The RFLP analysis allowed a clear differentiation between restorer and maintainer lines of the cytoplasmic male sterility, together with a grouping of some of the genotypes from the same origin. The analysis of the accuracy of distance estimation as a function of the number of probe-enzyme combinations used, indicates that 40–50 combinations ensure a confidence level of near 95%. Considering the inbreds as representatives of the range of cultivated inbreds, estimates of gene diversity, as well as estimates of average gene diversity between and within the sets of restorer and maintainer lines, were calculated. Estimation of gene diversity showed that the available genetic variability in cultivated sunflower, based on allelic frequencies, is lower than that of other plants (H=0.20). Moreover, we show that the proportion of genetic variability due to the difference between maintainer and restorer lines (Dm) is about 2%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225376
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties and nucleotide sequence of a mitochondrial plasmid from sunflower (1989)
    Springer
    Current genetics 15 (1989), S. 283-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Cytoplasmic male sterility ; Helianthus annuus ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Mitochondrial plasmids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The 1.413 circular supercoiled mitochondrial DNA plasmid P 1 from a fertile sunflower line was sequenced, and a series of 160 by tandemly repeated sequences was observed. The P1 plasmid was detected in both fertile and cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) lines, but in different quantities. Two other circular plasmids, P2 and P3, each 1.8 kbp in length, were shown to share common sequences with Pl. The mitochondrial plasmid P1 detected homologous sequences in the nuclear DNA of sunflower, but not in chloroplast DNA nor in main band mitochondrial DNA. RNA molecules of about 680 and 550 nucleotides were detected that were complementary to mt plasmid P1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00447044
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP and RAPD mapping of the sunflower Pl1 locus for resistance to Plasmopara halstedii race 1 (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 733-737 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Helianthus annuus ; Plasmopara halstedii ; Disease resistance ; Bulked segregant analysis ; Molecular markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Pl1 locus in sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., conferring resistance to downy mildew, Plasmopara halstedii, race 1 has been located in linkage group 1 of the consensus RFLP map of the cultivated sunflower. Bulked segregant analyses were used on 135 plants of an F2 progeny from a cross between a downy mildew susceptible line, GH, and RHA266, a line carrying Pl1. Two RFLP markers and one RAPD marker linked to the Pl1 locus have been identified. The RFLP markers are located at 5.6 cM and 7.1 cM on either side of Pl1. The RAPD marker is situated at 43.7 cM from Pl1. The significance and applications of these markers in sunflower breeding are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220951
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning of molecular markers for disease resistance in sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 519-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words QTL ; Disease resistance ; Sunflower ; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ; Plasmopara halstedii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A candidate-gene approach to analyse the resistance of plants to phytopathogenic fungi is presented. The resistance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) shows a gene-for-gene interaction (monogenic resistance), whereas resistance to white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) is quantitative, with different levels of resistance for different plant parts. By homology cloning, probes were obtained homologous to some plant resistance genes (nucleotide binding site-like, NBS, genes and serine-threonine protein kinase-like, PK, genes). These clones were used as probes for linkage mapping of the corresponding genes. It was demonstrated that at least three NBS-like loci are located on linkage-group 1, in the region where downy mildew resistance loci have been described. Quantitative trait loci for S. sclerotiorum resistance to penetration or extension of the mycelium in different tissues were studied in three crosses. Major QTLs for resistance were found on linkage group 1, with up to 50% of the phenotypic variability explained by peaks at the map position of the PK locus, 25 cM from the downy mildew loci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050769
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a consensus linkage RFLP map of cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 1079-1086 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RFLP ; Helianthus annuus ; Linkage map ; Consensus map ; CDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This paper provides the first description of a consensus map of the cultivated sunflower genome (Helianthus annuus L., n=17 chromosomes), based on RFLP. A total of 180 probe-enzyme combinations were mapped on at least one of five segregating progenies (three F2 and two BC1 populations), revealing 237 loci that did not show any distortion of segregation. The consensus linkage map obtained with these loci covers 1150 cM and consists of 16 linkage groups of more than 20 cM, 7 groups of less than 20 cM and 18 unlinked loci. The mean distance between loci is 7 cM, but in some regions intervals of 20 cM remain. Genotypic and gametic segregation distortions affect about 7% of loci. It was found that 25% of the probes mapped using several different restriction enzymes or that on different progenies they revealed 2 or more loci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222925
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genetics of resistance to five races of downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 584-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Linkage ; Major gene ; Race-specific resistance ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  These studies were undertaken to determine whether downy mildew resistance genes in sunflower were independent as first reported, or linked as suggested by more recent hypotheses. The segregations for downy mildew reaction of 111 F3 progenies from a cross between a susceptible line and a line with Pl2 were used to locate this gene on the sunflower consensus RFLP linkage map. It was shown that Pl2 was linked to the same RFLP markers on linkage group 1 as Pl1 and Pl6, mapped earlier, and at a very similar distance. The F3 progenies showed exactly the same segregation patterns when tested with race 1 and race D. One hundred and fifty four progenies from a cross between a susceptible line and HA335, containing Pl6 (considered as giving resistance to all Plasmopara halstedii races), were tested with the five French downy mildew races, 1, A, B, C and D. Two progenies were observed to show segregation for races 1 and D, while appearing homozygous-resistant to races A , B and C. Tests on F4 progenies confirmed this separation of resistances with fixation of susceptibility to races 1 and D and resistance to races A, B and C. It is concluded that the Pl6 gene is not a “strong” gene, giving resistance to all downy mildew races, but rather a cluster of genes, each providing resistance to one, or a few, downy mildew races. The genes giving resistance to races 1 and D, on one hand, and to races A, B and C, on the other hand, must be very closely linked, with about 0.6 cM between the two groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050599
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A composite map of expressed sequences and phenotypic traits of the sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genome (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 218-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Sunflower ; Linkage mapping ; cDNA ; RFLP ; Phenotypic traits ; Composite mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A map of the sunflower genome, based on expressed sequences and consisting of 273 loci, was constructed. The map incorporates data from seven F2 populations, for a total of 1115 individuals. Two hundred and fourty five loci corresponding to 170 anonymous cDNA markers and four loci for morphological markers were mapped. We also mapped 18 loci corresponding to previously described genes or to sequences obtained through homology cloning. The unit maps vary from 774 cM to 1060 cM, with an average value of 14 major linkage groups. The integrated map is arranged in 17 major linkage groups including 238 loci, plus four small segments with 2–5 marker loci; and covers 1573 cM with an overall average marker interval of 7 cM. Thirty five percent of the markers were dominant in nature and 30% showed inter-linkage group duplication without any indication of homoeologous linkage groups. Evidence is provided for the independence of two distinct fertility restoration genes, for the presence of two loosely linked branching loci, and for marker tightly linked to the Rf1 restoration locus. This map provides an efficient tool in breeding applications such as disease-resistance mapping, QTL analyses and marker-assisted selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051228
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genotypic variation and chromosomal location of QTLs for somatic embryogenesis revealed by epidermal layers culture of recombinant inbred lines in the sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 1307-1312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words AFLP ; Recombinant inbred lines ; Somatic embryogenesis ; Sunflower ; QTL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The present study was conducted to identify the genetic factors controlling somatic embryogenesis in the sunflower. Two traits, the number of embryogenic explants per 40 explants plated (EE/40 E) and the number of embryos per 40 explants (E/40 E), were scored in 74 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between ’PAC-2’ and ’RHA-266’. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block with 76 genotypes (74 recombinant inbred lines and two parents) and three replications. Each replication consisted of three Erlenmeyer flasks with 40 epidermal layers (explants). Analyses of variance indicated the existence of highly significant differences among parental genotypes and their RILs. Heritabilities for the somatic embryogenesis traits studied, EE/40 E and E/40 E, were high (0.64 and 0.77 respectively) and the genetic gain, in percentage of the best parent for 10% of selected RILs, was significant. Four QTLs for EE/40 E (tee) and seven for E/40 E (ete) were detected using composite interval mapping and AFLP mapping. The QTLs for EE/40 E explained 48% of the phenotypic variation while the QTLs for E/40 E explained about 89% of the variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051611
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