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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 55 (1983), S. 630-633 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 22 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In adults, increased QT dispersion has been shown to predict arrhythmic risk as well as risk of sudden death in several clinical settings. It is not known whether or not QT dispersion is increased in children with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia. We studied three groups of children: (1) 20 patients with idiopathic VT (aged 3–18 years; mean 11.2 years); (2) 30 patients with benign PVCs (aged 1–20 years; mean 10.5 years); and (3) 30 control subjects (aged 4–17 years; mean 12 years). Standard ECGs were reviewed and the dispersion of both QT and JT intervals was compared. No patient had structural heart disease or long QT syndrome. The QT and QTc dispersion (QTΔ, QTcΔ) among the three groups did not differ: QTcΔ of the VT group was 70 ms ± 30 ms, QTcΔ of PVC patients was 60 ms ± 30 ms, and the QTcΔ of the control group was 65 ms ± 30 ms. The JTcΔ among the three groups did not differ as well: JTcΔ of the VT group was 70 ms ± 30 ms, the JTcΔ of the PVC group was 60 msec ± 25 msec, and the JTcΔ of the control group was 70 ms ± 30 ms. We conclude that QT and JT dispersion are not significantly altered in children with idiopathic VT or benign PVCs when compared to control subjects. QT dispersion is not a reliable marker for arrhythmic risk in children with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias and structurally normal hearts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 20 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Patients who have attempted repair of congenital heart disease often develop bradycardia and tachycardias postoperatively. The two dysrhythmias each make treatment of the other more difficult. Pacing is the only modality that addresses both brady- and tachycardias, without adversely influencing the other. Most postoperative tachycardias are reentrant, and thus uniquely susceptible to overdrive pacing. Usually an atrial single lead system is used. The patients most commonly encountered are those with extensive atrial surgery, such as atrial septal defect [ASD] repair. Mustard and Senning repair of d-transposition, and the various types of Fontan operations. The results are excellent for ASD repair and postoperative transposition, but only fair for postoperative Fontan patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: There is much interest in QT dispersion for noninvasive risk stratification of patients at risk of arrhythmias. However, little is known about the genesis of abnormal QT dispersion. In particular, whether eccentric ventricular depolarization, as seen in preexcitation, can lead to abnormal dispersion of repolarization is unknown. We studied 24 children aged 1–19 years (mean ± SD, 11 ± 5 years) with manifest preexcitation due to Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who had successful catheter ablation. Standard ECGs done preablation, early postablation (〈 1 week), mid postablation (〉 1 week, 〈 2 months), and late postablation (〉 2 months) were reviewed. The QRS duration prior to ablation ranged from 90–160 ms (mean ± SD, 123 ±21 ms). On the preablation ECG, the JT and JTc dispersions showed no relationship to the QRS duration (r = 0.04 and 0.07, respectively). There was no change in JT dispersion when the preablation (42 ±15 ms) ECG was compared to early (43 ±15 ms), mid (44 ±13 ms), and late postablation (48 ± 19 ms) ECGs. There was no significant change in JTc dispersion as well. Thus, JT dispersion is unrelated to QRS duration and unaffected by catheter ablation in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Eccentric ventricular depolarization does not lead to abnormal dispersion of repolarization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 3 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Flecainide appears to be a promising new Class Ic antiarrhythmic drug. In this study, 16 children aged 18 days to 20 years (mean 8.0 years, median 6.8 years) with frequent PVCs and refractory ventricular tachycardia (VT) were evaluated. In all patients, a mean total of 3.5 antiarrhythmic agents were tried unsuccessfully prior to initiation of flecainide. We performed 24-hour ambulatory monitoring 2 days prior to oral flecainide administration and repeated monitoring after 48 hours of oral therapy. All studies were scanned by superimposition by computer and well-trained technician.Twelve of 16 children demonstrated reduced numbers of PVCs following oral flecainide therapy with an overall mean reduction in PVCs of 70%. Mean numbers of PVCs fell from 377 PVCs/hour preflecainide to 113 PVCs/hour postflecainide therapy. Eight of 12 patients demonstrated a 〉 60% reduction of PVCs. Five of 12 children achieved nearly total abolishment of PVCs (e.g., 〈10 PVCs/hour) following flecainide treatment. Four of 16 children failed to exhibit PVC reduction during the study. Serum flecainide levels ranged from 0.1–1.1 meg/mL with a mean drug level of 0.39 mcg/mL. Success or failure did not correlate significantly with patient age, sex, anatomic diagnosis, previous therapy, or serum flecainide levels.In summary, oral flecainide appears to be effective in reducing PVCs in children with ventricular tachycardia and consequently may decrease their risk for reentrant VT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 7 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Developmental Electrophysiology of d-Sotalol. Introduction: These experiments investigate the developmental effects of d-sotalol on standard electrophysiologic parameters of anterograde and retrograde AV conduction in the rabbit. Methods and Results: Using bipolar electrograms and standard pacing techniques, the effects of graded concentrations of d-sotalol on anterograde and retrograde conduction in mature and immature perfused rabbit hearts were compared. Also, a quantitative assessment of the drug's effects on a rate-dependent property of anterograde AV node (AVN) conduction, termed the “recovery process,” was compared in mature and immature rabbit hearts. The main developmental electrophysiologic findings of this investigation are: (1) in both the mature and immature rabbit heart, d-sotalol increases the anterograde conduction time and prolongs refractoriness of the AVN, yet the minimal concentrations of d-sotalol that produce these changes are lower in the neonate; (2) d-sotalol increases the anterograde refractory period of the His-Purkinje system in both age groups, but increases anterograde infra-Hisian conduction only in the neonate; (3) 1 × 10−4 M d-sotalol significantly changes the time constant of the AVN recovery process in the neonate, hut not in the adult; (4) for retrograde conduction, slow conduction through the AVN (HAmax) and infra-Hisian region (VHmax) are increased by d-sotalol in the neonate, but not in the adult. Conclusions: The findings of this study illustrate that d-sotalol has different effects on parameters of the developing AV conduction system. This implies that there may he maturational changes in the ionic currents that are responsible for anterograde and retrograde AVN and His-Purkinje conduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 3 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Orthostatic vs EP Testing in Pediatric Unexplained Syncope. Introduction: Unexplained syncope in the pediatric age group is a common problem that often requires cardiac evaluation. This work-up is expensive and frequently unrevealing. Electrophysiologic and, more recently, tilt table or orthostatic testing have been used in the evaluation of unexplained syncope. Methods and Results: We undertook to compare the results of these two forms of evaluation in a group of 26 young patients less than 19 years of age with episodes of unexplained syncope. Sixteen of the 26 patients (62%) had an abnormal electrophysiologic study with the majority having either mild sinus node dysfunction or inducible atrial flutter. Four of the 26 patients (16%) were thought to have an abnormality found that was clinically significant (sustained ventricular tachycardia [2], nonsustained ventricular tachycardia/polymorphic premature ventricular contractions [1], and high-degree atrioventricular block [1]). An abnormal response to orthostatic testing was found in 14 of 26 patients (56%) with 13 of 14 developing syncope at an average standing time of 6.5 minutes. Sixteen patients underwent treatment based on the study findings and follow-up with an average time of 1.6 years is available on 13 of 16 patients who underwent treatment. Of the nine patients treated for neurally mediated syncope (fludrocortisone [7], beta blocker [1], theophylline [1]), all are asymptomatic. The four patients with an arrhythmic cause of syncope found by electrophysiologic testing are asymptomatic on treatment (antiarrhythmic drug [3], permanent pacing [1]). Conclusion: Orthostatic testing has a higher positive yield than electrophysiologic testing in the evaluation of unexplained syncope in young patients. Orthostatic or tilt table testing should be considered early on in the cardiovascular evaluations of these patients. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 3, pp. 418–422, October 1992)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 20 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Although radiofrequency ablation is highly successful in patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, certain patbways remain refractory to ablation. In particular, subepicardial pathways often fail ablation via an endocardial approach. In adult patients, left-sided subepicardial pathways bave been treated successfully using energy delivery within the coronary sinus. To document the safety and efficacy of this approach in children, we present the case of a 6-year-old boy who underwent radiofrequency ablation of a posteroseptal pathway via energy delivery within tbe middle cardiac vein. Follow-up study showed no evidence of recurrence or gross coronary vascular injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 38 (1997), S. 555-562 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Factor analysis has been found to be suitable for the analysis NMR data of polymers which contain multiple components. Two series of ethylene/propylene copolymers have been studied by this technique. In general, the number of components that can be resolved from NMR data depends on both the quality and the quantity of available experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 1 (1980), S. 163-164 
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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