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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the effectiveness of three different methods in detection of changes in gingivitis in the primary dentition (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 20 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The pattern of distribution and development of gingivitis is different in children and adults. Also the anatomy in the primary dentition is different from that in the permanent dentition. Indices to measure gingival inflammation and changes in this condition have been designed for the permanent dentition and may not necessarily perform adequately in the primary dentition. The purpose of the present study was to assess the association between indices commonly used in adults and to compare their ability to detect changes in gingivitis in children. The correlation between the Gingival Index and percent bleeding units (scores 2 and 3) was r = 0.93, while provoked bleeding from the interdental area correlated only weakly with the two. However, the non-bleeding papilla index seemed to more effectively detect changes in the gingival condition induced by professional cleaning. Since gingivitis usually is less severe in the primary dentition than in the permanent dentition, it may be of importance to use an index with high sensitivity in studies where effect of interventions is to be evaluated in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1992.tb00682.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in radiographic bone level in orthodontically treated teenagers over a 4-year period (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 20 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In 1984 the prevalence of subjects with radiographic bone loss was assessed in all 14-year-old schoolchildren in Oslo (n = 2767). An overrepresentation of subjects with bone loss was found among those undergoing orthodontic treatment. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of orthodontic treatment on the prevalence and incidence of radiographic bone loss during the following 4-yr period. Bitewing radiographs from 1984, 1986, and 1988 of a sample of 438 subjects from the original population constituted the study material. Bone loss was recorded if the distance from the alveolar crest to the ccmentoenamel junction exceeded 2 mm. I I 1 subjects (25.3%) had received orthodontic treatment. In 1984, 18 of them (16.2%) exhibited bone loss. The corresponding figure for the 327 non-treated children was 14 (4.3%). The incidence of subjects with new tooth sites with bone loss among those with a record of previous orthodontic treatmen t was 1.1% and 3.2% in the periods 1984–1986and1986–1988, respectively. Among those who had never received such treatment the incidence figures were 3.2% in the period1984–86 and 2.0% in the last period. The results indicated that the majority of the bone loss observed during or immediately after termination of orthodontic treatment was transient in nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1992.tb00684.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of two preventive programs on oral health knowledge and habits among Brazilian schoolchildren (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 22 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract – The effect upon dental health knowledge and dental health behavior of a comprehensive and a less comprehensive preventive program was compared in a 3-yr follow up study. The comprehensive program included active participation of the students and parental involvement. The study group consisted of 186 Brazilian schoolchildren 13 yr of age at the start of the program. A reference group from another school of similar socioeconomic level was included in the analyses. The data were collected from questionnaires filled in by the children under surveillance after the completion of the program. Significant differences in knowledge as well as in reported behavior were observed. The children enrolled in the comprehensive program in general scored higher in dental health knowledge than did those in the less comprehensive program. However, the latter group of children seemed to have acquired more correct knowledge during the period than had the control and reference children. Similar results were obtained concerning reported dental health behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1994.tb01567.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison between standardized periapical and bitewing radiographs in assessing alveolar bone loss (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 13 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Readability and alveolar bone level were cotnpared in 455 sets of standardized radiographs each consisting of four periapical (PA) and two bitewing (BW) films. BW radiographs showed significantly higher proportions of unreadable sites in the canines and the mesial surface of first premolars (P〈0.0001). while PA radiographs exhibited significanlly higher proportions of unreadable sites in the distal surface of second molars (P〈0.0001). Alveolar bone level was assessable in a total of 10016 sites, and the comparison showed identical readings in 82% of the sites. In the tnaxilla, a significantly higher proportion of sites exhibited larger hone loss measurements (P〈0.0001) and more sites with significantly higher mean values (P〈0.005) in BW than in PA films. Mandibular sites showed the opposite trend. The majority of the sites revealed a Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) ranging between 0.60 and 0.82. No significant difference between mean bone loss measure-ments in the two types of radiographs for all the sites was found. It was concluded that the two radiographic techniques may be used interchangeably in epidemiologic studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1985.tb01908.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of tooth loss in an adolescent Brazilian population (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 11 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Data concerning tooth loss in developing countries may indicate the dental health status in young people and serve as baseline data for evaluation of future dental health programs. The study population consisted of 304 schoolchildren (145 males, 159 females) from Belo Horizonte, M.G. Brazil. The mean age was 14.5, ranging from 13 to 16 yr. The number of teeth already lost and teeth indicated for extraction were assessed from two posterior bitewing radiographs and one frontal color photo which were obtained from all participants. The results showed that 2/3 of the studied population had lost one or more permanent teeth. The average number of missing teeth was 1.8 in both males and females. Of the various teeth, the mandibular first molars had most frequently been lost. Differences between the sexes concerning amount and pattern of lost teeth were small.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1983.tb01394.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fcα receptor I (CD89) on neutrophils in periodontal lesions (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims: In this study, we have examined the occurence of FcαRI-bearing cells in gingival tissue, gingival fluid and blood, in search for possible roles of IgA and FcαRI in periodontal lesions.Methods: Gingival biopsies from inflamed and healthy sites were obtained from patients with chronic marginal periodontitis. Sections of inflamed gingiva were examined by immunofluorescence techniques and compared to sections from healthy sites. Smears were made from blood and gingival crevicular fluid and similarly studied.Results: Dense infiltrates of neutrophils with strong expression of FcαRI (and FcγRIII) were found in connective tissue and epithelium of the apical part of periodontal pockets from diseased sites. In contrast, only few such cells were found in healthy gingiva from the same patients. Neutrophils in gingival fluid, tissue and blood expressed FcαRI with similar intensity, whereas the expression of FcγRIII was significantly decreased in gingival crevicular fluid. Considerable numbers of bacteria from gingival plaque were found to be covered by IgA.Conclusion: It is suggested that FcαRI on neutrophils may play an important rôle in elimination of IgA-opsonized bacteria, both in periodontal tissue and the adjacent pockets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027007489.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topical distribution of FcgRI, FcgRII and FcgRIII in inflamed human gingiva (1999)
    Munksgaard : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The topical distribution of Fc gamma receptor types I, II and III (FcγRI–III) was analyzed by means of immunohistochemistry in human gingival tissue obtained from 12 patients with chronic periodontitis. CD68+ macrophages expressing all three classes of FcγR were found throughout the whole gingival connective tissue (CT), whereas dense infiltrates of polymorphonuclear granulocytes (identified by staining for neutrophil elastase) with strong staining for FcγRIII and FcγRII were found subjacent to the apical part of the pocket epithelium (PE) and in the PE itself. CD19+ B lymphocytes with variable staining intensity for FcγRII were observed in clusters subjacent to the PE and extending into the central part of the CT. Only a few scattered CD3+ T lymphocytes stained for FcγRIII. Some spindle-shaped cells (CD68−, therefore non-macrophages) and apparently non-cellular fibrous tissue elements stained for FcγRI and FcγRII. In the epithelium, FcgRII+ dendritic cells were frequently observed in the entire oral gingival epithelium and in the coronal part of the PE. Occasionally, some keratinocytes which stained for FcγII and FcγRIII were found. The observations indicate that FcγR of the various classes are amply expressed on numerous cell types in inflamed gingival tissue. The specific distribution pattern detected suggests that FcγRs may play a role in the mediation of chronic inflammation in the periodontal lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051X.1999.260705.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Validity of CPITN's hierarchical scoring method for describing the prevalence of periodontal conditions (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 17 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract CPITN has been a frequently used index in periodontal epidemiology during the last decade. It was originally designed to describe treatment needs in populations. For this purpose, it was decided to record only the worst periodontal condition around each index tooth. Such a recording procedure can be regarded as a hierarchical scoring method. Recently, CPITN has been used and recommended for describing the prevalence of periodontal conditions. For this purpose, the index should give a valid estimate of the true periodontal conditions of the index tooth, and not only a recording of the worst condition. The aim of the present study was to test whether the hierarchical assumption of CPITN concerning treatment needs was valid for describing the prevalence of periodontal conditions in a Scandinavian population. The study population comprised 3330 persons from a rural and an urban area in the county of Trondelag, Norway. The clinical recording was carried out so that it was possible to analyze the indicators both hierarchically and non-hierarchically. The results showed that nearly all the CPITN indicators scored hierarchically gave a correct estimate of the prevalence of bleeding in the population. CPITN codes 3 and 4 overestimated the prevalence of calculus. The degree of overestimation varied by age and tooth type. Most overestimation of calculus occurred on molar teeth with pockets 3.5-5.5 mm and for individuals 13–14 yr of age. There was almost no overestimation of calculus for those aged 65 yr and above. The distribution of the different combinations of the indicators was fairly similar for all index teeth for codes 2, 3, and 4, with the exception of the mandibular incisor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1989.tb00641.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) in a population of young Brazilians (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 11 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recently WHO has launched an index for assessing the periodontal treatment needs of a population in terms of resources required. This Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs was applied in 308 Brazilian 15-yr-old schoolchildren from a population with a high prevalence of periodontitis. The results showed that almost all subjects needed some kind of care. Totally, 4133 time units were required. Most of the time needed was for motivation and instruction in oral hygiene, and scaling. Several individuals assigned for complex treatment due to pockets deeper than 5.5 mm showed no signs of radiographic bone loss, and in the cases with bone loss, the lesions were few and small. The CPITN therefore seemed to overestimate the need for treatment in this young population. To overcome this problem, it was suggested that complex treatment should not be included in planning of systematic periodontal care for young populations, and that subjects with time periodontal lesions should be given priority m community programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1983.tb01389.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of oral soft and hard tissue lesions related to mechanical toothcleansing procedures (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 4 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The prevalence of oral soft and hard tissue lesions related to mechanical oral hygiene procedures was recorded and correlated to toothbrushing habits and oral hygiene status in two selected samples. Fifty-one percent of 533 persons examined exhibited gingival retractions and 45 % had wedge-shaped defects in the cervical area of one or several teeth. Both types of lesions were often seen in the same area, indicating a common etiologic factor. The subjects with a good oral hygiene status, as well as those who brushed more than twice daily, showed a high frequency of lesions. The various toothbrushing techniques did not, however, seem to influence the development of such lesions in the present material. Subjective symptoms were reported in a few cases only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb01607.x
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