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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is there a value of erythropoietin in pre-dialysis patients? (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Nephrology 2 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary: The use of erythropoietin (EPO) in anaemic dialysis patients is now well established: there is still some doubt, however, of its role in pre-dialysis patients. This was based on initial animal work that showed accelerated decline in the renal function. Since then several studies in pre-dialysis patients have shown that it is both effective and safe. For patients who are anaemic (haematocrit 〈30%), there is marked increase in their subjective well-being and ability to perform physical work. There is therefore no reason to deny EPO therapy to pre-dialysis patients who are symptomatic from anaemia. the evidence clearly shows that contrary to animal work, there is no accelarated progression in renal failure. There is is some evidence that it may even delay the need for dialysis in children and possibly in some adults. In patients who have rapid progression, it is more related to untreated hypertension. Some 30-40% of EPO treated pre-dialysis patients need initiation of or increase in anti-hypertensive therapy. Subcutaneous (s.c.) self administration (1–3/week) is convenient and accepted by patients. Detection and correction of iron deficiency plays an essential role in maximizing the success of EPO therapy. Oral iron is convenient and satisfactory in most patients. Ferrokinetic studies reveal similar findings as in dialysis patients. There is increase in effective erythropoeisis, except in patients who are on azathioprine (pre-dialysis failing transplants) where the effect may be blunted by an increase in ineffective erythropoeisis. Erythropoietin improves the quality of life in predialysis patients. the most important side effect is development of hypertension, which can be controlled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.1996.tb00172.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New peritoneal dialysis solutions (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Nephrology 2 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary: Current peritoneal dialysis solutions are not biocompatible, particularly in respect to low pH, high osmolality and use of lactate. In addition, glucose is not an ideal osmotic agent. Recent advances in the formulation of peritoneal dialysis fluids aim to provide a more physiological environment to preserve membrane integrity. the effects of pH and lactate have been overcome by the use of bicarbonate based solutions whilst icodextrin (glucose polymers) often prolonged ultrafiltration in spite of being isomotic to uraemic plasma. Future formulations will see a combination of osmotic agents (including amino acids) and bicarbonate to achieve a more biocompatible solution whilst still meeting the ultrafiltration needs of the patients. Additives (glycosaminoglycans, procysteine) may protect the peritoneum from free radical injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.1996.tb00163.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of single doses of metoclopramide in renal failure (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 437-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metoclopramide ; renal failure ; pharmacokinetics ; impaired metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of metoclopramide have been studied after intravenous and oral dosing (10 mg) to 6 patients with chronic renal failure. The mean terminal half-life was 13.9 h after intravenous and 14.8 h after oral administration. Total body clearance after i. v. dosing was 16.7 l/h. Oral bioavailability was 71.8%. In comparison to previous studies on normal subjects these results indicate that clearance of metoclopramide in renal failure is approximately 30% of normals. This difference is not accounted for by the change in renal clearance and suggests impaired metabolism or an alteration in enterohepatic circulation of metoclopramide in renal failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00548588
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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