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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adjustment for Competition Between Genotypes in Single-Row-Plot Trials of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 112 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Several statistical methods were investigated for improving yield estimation for 72 genotypes of winter wheat tested in a single-row-plot (SRP) trial. The different analytical models were compared using several criteria: the residual mean square fit; the standard error of differences of genotype means; the correlations of genotype means with means from six-row-plot (6RP) reference trial; the expected genetic gains relative to 6RP trial from selecting the 10 top yielding genotypes.There was no significant correlation between the unadjusted genotype means for SRP and 6RP. Genotype yields were positively correlated with height in SRP, but this correlation was reversed in 6RP. Using the mean height difference of a plot with its two neighbours as a covariate to adjust for competition in SRP reduced the standard error of difference of genotype means and substantially increased their correlation with the 6RP means. The predicted selection efficiency in SRP trial increased from zero, before adjustment, to 83 % of 6RP trial. Including the difference in heading date and the effect of guards at borders as covariates in the SRP analysis improved the residual mean square fit but had no effect on correlation with 6RP means or selection efficiency. A producer-competitor model in which individual competitor effects were estimated for each genotype gave a substantial improvement in fit over the covariate models but a much lower correlation with 6RP means and selection efficiency.Yield selection in early generation wheat trials based on single-row plots could be considerably strengthened by use of a plot covariate derived from height difference between neighbours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1994.tb00687.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of resistance against powdery mildew in winter wheat populations conducted under dynamic management. II. Adult plant resistance (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 457-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Keywords Composite populations ; Triticum aestivum ; Blumeria (Erysiphe) graminis f. sp. tritici ; Residual resistance effects ; Quantitative resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The evolution of adult plant resistance towards powdery mildew (caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) was investigated in 11 wheat populations cultivated for 10 years in a French network for dynamic management (DM) of wheat genetic resources. The aims of the study were to compare the evolution of resistance in sites submitted to different powdery mildew pressure and to investigate the implication of specific resistance gene action in adult plant resistance. For this, 7 of the 11 populations were characterized for their composition of specific resistance genes (results presented in a former paper). Even though no population differed significantly from the initial PA0 pool for mean adult plant resistance, divergence appeared among the final populations. The populations with the highest adult plant resistance level originated from sites where powdery mildew pressure is known to be high (Vervins, Le Rheu), whereas populations with the lowest adult plant resistance corresponded to areas with no, or very low, powdery mildew pressure (Toulouse, Montreuil-Bellay). A residual effect of defeated specific resistance genes was hypothesized, as lines accumulating at least two specific resistance genes appeared more resistant. Additional quantitative resistance seemed to be involved in adult plant resistance. DM lines appeared then as an interesting source of variability for resistance towards powdery mildew. Moreover, as these lines had been grown in mixed populations they may be appropriate as components of a composite cultivar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051503
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of resistance against powdery mildew in winter wheat populations conducted under dynamic management. I – Is specific seedling resistance selected? (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 449-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Composite populations ; Triticum aestivum ; Blumeria (Erysiphe) graminis f. sp. tritici ; Selection ; Drift
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Dynamic management has been proposed as a complementary strategy to gene banks for the conservation of genetic resources. The evolution of frequencies of genes for specific resistance towards powdery mildew (caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) in populations of a French network for dynamic management of bread wheat genetic resources was investigated after 10 years of multiplication without human selection. The objective was to determine whether specific resistance gene diversity was maintained in the populations and whether any changes could be attributed to selection due to pathogen pressure. Seven populations, originating from four of the network sites, were characterized and compared to the initial population for six specific resistance gene frequencies detected by nine Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici isolates. Diversity decreased at the population level, but because of a strong differentiation between the populations, this diversity was maintained at the network level. The comparison of Fst parameters estimated on neutral markers (RFLP) and on resistance gene data revealed that in two of the populations specific resistance genes had been selected by pathogen pressure, whereas evolution in two other populations seemed to be the result of genetic drift. For the three last populations, conclusions were less clear, as one had probably experienced a strong bottleneck and the other two presented intermediate Fst values. A dynamic management network with sites contrasted for pathogen pressure, allowing genetic drift in some populations and selection in others, appeared, at least on the short term, to be a good tool for maintaining the diversity of genes for specific resistance to powdery mildew.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051502
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