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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-layer steels for chemical engineering equipment (1966)
    Springer
    Chemical and petroleum engineering 2 (1966), S. 243-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8329
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01145277
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of alloying elements on the properties of corrosion-resistant high-temperature single-crystal alloys on a nickel base (1998)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 40 (1998), S. 97-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The need to provide high values of short-term mechanical properties in a wide temperature range, including ones exceeding the operational temperatures of turbine blades of gas turbine engines, is in the “shadow” of such characteristics as long-term strength and resistance to high-temperature salt corrosion. However, the attainment of high mechanical properties in corrosion-resistant high-temperature alloys cannot be treated as a requirement of secondary importance. The present paper is devoted to the properties of single-crystal nickel alloys alloyed with Cr, Co, W, Mo, Ti, Al, and Nb in various amounts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02467466
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion in a bimetal having different concentrations of silicon (1966)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 8 (1966), S. 130-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. The investigation of diffusion of silicon in a three-layer ribbon containing 2.7% Si in the outer layers and 5.3% Si in the middle layer showed that the silicon concentration becomes completely uniform within a thickness of 0.35 mm as the result of annealing at 1100°C for a short time. 2. The method of producing cold-rolled ribbons of layered materials followed by diffusional annealing proposed here is quite well suited for the preparation of cold-rolled transformer steel containing 4% and more Si. 3. Rolling and heat treatment of the multilayer ribbon do not require any special equipment or additional expenditure of time for uniformization annealing and can be carried out with the existing facilities for producing cold-rolled transformer steel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652604
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen embrittlement resistance of steels for main pipelines (1982)
    Springer
    Materials science 18 (1982), S. 266-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-885X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01150838
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Technology for making rolled plates of naturally alloyed steel 12KhM (2000)
    Springer
    Metallurgist 44 (2000), S. 79-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8892
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02463536
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and properties of Kh6F1 steel (1967)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 9 (1967), S. 684-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. Kh6F1 steel belongs to the carbide class. After quenching in air the Fe3C, M7C3, and VC carbides are present in the steel. 2. The stability of austenite in Kh6F1 steel increases sharply at an austenitizing temperature above 1050°C. The amount of residual austenite after the martensitic transformation also increases sharply with austenitizing temperatures above 1050°C. 3. The maximum hardness of HRC 63 is attained after quenching from 1050°C and cooling to the temperature of liquid nitrogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00649053
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The selection of alloying elements for steels used as the base metal in corrosion-resisting bimetals (1971)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 13 (1971), S. 49-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00663779
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selecting interlayers for corrosion resistant bimetals (1972)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 13 (1972), S. 570-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. The effect of the interlayer on the diffusion redistribution of carbon in bimetals depends on the ratio of the activity coefficients and the effective diffusion coefficients of carbon in the components of the binetal. The interlayer is an effective barrier if the activity coefficients of carbon in it and in the components of the bimetal differ greatly. The effective diffusion coefficient of carbon in the interlayer should be smaller than in the components of the bimetal. 2. For operation at 425–550°C for several thousand hours the most promising interlayers are those in which the carbon activity coefficient is at least 10 times larger than the carbon activity coefficient in the base layer. 3. Operation at temperatures below 425°C and for short times (up to 1000 h) requires an interlayer with the minimal carbon activity coefficient (steel Kh25, for example). 4. The use of steels with small amounts of carbide-forming elements as interlayers is inadvisable, since carbon migration occurs in the same way as in the bimetal without an interlayer during the course of operation. 5. The protective properties of interlayers against redistribution of carbon in bimetals at high temperatures are also retained at lower temperatures (400–600°C).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00648199
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat treatment of wear resistant and tool bimetals (1972)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 14 (1972), S. 43-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. In selecting steels for wear resistant bimetals the possibility of joint heat treatment must be considered along with the operating characteristics. 2. Heat treatment conditions for bimetals ensuring quenching of the wear resistant or cutting layer to the necessary hardness with retention of toughness and ductility of the base metal can be determined from conbined T-T-T diagrams with use of the compatibility criteria — the isothermal compatibility factor over 10 and the thermokinetic compatibility factor over 100. 3. Using the combined diagrams and the compatibility criteria, one can determine scientifically the system of alloying for the components of selfsharpening, wear resistant, and tool bimetals used in the heat treated condition. 4. In terms of thermal compatibility, the most suitable base metal for wear resistant and tool bimetals is carbon steel with ≥0.55% C. It is also possible to use steels alloyed with up to 1% Mn — of the 20–40 G or 20 KhG type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00658346
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nickel interlayers in corrosion resistant bimetals (1972)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 14 (1972), S. 866-871 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. With an increase of the copper concentration in interlayers of Ni−Cu alloys in corrosion resistant bimetals the penetration of carbon from the base metal to the cladding layer decreases substantially. 2. As barriers to carbon, interlayers of pure nickel and of nickel alloys with copper concentrations below 30% differ little. 3. As a barrier and in terms of not interfering with the manufacture of bimetals, the best interlayer is the Ni−Cu alloy with 40–45% Cu. Further increase in the copper content improves the interlayer as a barrier, but it cannot be recommended because of the impaired technological properties (the permissible deformation temperature decreases and the oxidizability increases). 4. Analysis of the microstructure of the transition zone of bimetals with Ni−Cu interlayers of different compositions showed that in the manufacturing process and, particularly, in prolonged operation at elevated temperatures film-like or lamellar carbides are formed, the morphology depending on the composition of the interlayer and base metal and cladding layer of the bimetal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00648083
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