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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The evidences that p16 and cyclin D alterations occur in the earlier stages of many human cancers and that its immunolocalization can be used to study the cell cycle regulation, coupled with the possibility that chronic use of carbamide peroxide would induce DNA damage and cell cycle alteration, prompted us to analyse the effect of carbamide peroxide on the immunolocalization of these proteins in rat oral mucosa. Ten male Wistar rats were selected and submitted to topical application of 35% carbamide peroxide over buccal mucosa. The procedures were carried out twice a week for 3 months consecutively. The animals were killed after the last treatment and the buccal mucosa was removed and stored at −70 °C. Only distilled water was applied over the buccal mucosa of the control animals. The biotin–streptavidin amplified system was used for identification of cyclin D and p16 antigens and the percentage of basal and suprabasal cells positive for each one were obtained. The results did not show any difference between the experimental and control groups regarding the immunolocalization of cyclin D and p16. In conclusion, the present study showed that chronic use of carbamide peroxide does not induce cell cycle alteration in the oral mucosa of rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6063-6063 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is a powerful technique that has gained wide acceptance in the imaging of magnetization patterns. However, MFM images are "raw'' images, and they are not necessarily identical to the original images of the magnetization patterns. In an attempt to investigate the relationship between the raw images and the magnetization patterns, we present a theoretical analysis of the MFM images through numerical computations. In this way, we show the dependence of the images on both the orientation of the probe's magnetic moment and the interaction between the probe moment and the sample magnetic fields. For a pure sinusoidal magnetization pattern, a vertical orientation of the MFM probe's magnetic moment will yield images that follow the magnetic charge density distribution, while a horizontal orientation of the probe will yield MFM images that follow the magnetization patterns themselves. We investigate the deviation from this correlation between the images and the magnetization distribution when magnetization patterns are not purely sinusoidal. Computations are performed for periodic patterns with linear and arctangent transitions. To model the interaction of the tip with the sample's magnetic fields, we model the tip as a Stoner–Wohlfarth particle. This allows us to investigate how the tip–sample interaction may distort the MFM image. Our modeling suggests that in general there is no direct correlation between the raw MFM image and the actual magnetization distribution. This makes a strong case for the implementation of image reconstruction techniques. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 5759-5761 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Calculations of the magnetic fields emanating from a recorded surface that contains an infinite number of identical tracks are presented. The solutions are obtained by assuming that the magnetization is uniform through the thickness of the film and can be represented by Fourier series in the other two dimensions. Solutions are obtained for both longitudinal and vertical recording. To make these calculations useful Fourier distributions are obtained with arctan transitions that are both representative and easy to use. These magnetic fields are then used to calculate the voltage from an idealized reproduce head. Effects on the output voltage caused by track width, track separation, head registration, and transition lengths can then be calculated. Examples are given and it is shown that the effects can be large, compared to the usual infinite track width calculations, when the track width or the track separation become comparable to the recorded wavelength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 342-346 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic characteristics of 0.2×0.4×0.02 μm3 cobalt islands were investigated using magnetic force microscopy in the presence of an applied field. The islands were noninteracting and showed a wide variety of single and multidomain configurations. The distribution of magnetization directions supports earlier models which suggest that crystalline anisotropy plays a dominant role in establishing a dispersion of easy axis directions about the long axis of the particles. The magnetic evolution, involving rotation and switching of individual islands, was observed at various points along the microscopic magnetization curve. A magnetization curve of an ensemble of islands was derived from the images and compares remarkably well with macroscopic M–H measurements. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 5910-5912 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Successful imaging is demonstrated of the three individual Cartesian components of the vector magnetic field from a magnetized surface. This is accomplished by exploiting the capability of the magnetic force scanning tunneling microscope to generate two-dimensional mapping of definite combinations of orthogonal magnetic-field components. This method is applied to well-characterized patterns on thin-film longitudinal recording media and some peculiar characteristics of recorded magnetization patterns are found, including the presence of a significant cross-track magnetization component persisting along the track edges. The experimental approach and the unique physical insights acquired by simultaneously investigating individual magnetic-field components are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 5756-5758 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The capability to image individual vector components of surface magnetic fields locally has been developed recently, and this component-selective technique has been applied to understand the field distribution of recorded patterns. Apart from the commonly measured in-plane component in the direction of the track Hx, a cross-track component Hy has been observed along the edges. While the Hx field images show side written patterns extending laterally from the edges, the Hy field images reveal localized bright and dark spots on both sides of the track. This suggests that pairs of mutually opposite magnetic dipole layers persist on both edges which are oriented transverse to the track direction. A systematic investigation was made of these side fringing fields to understand their behavior as a function of recording wavelength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6891-6891 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In a previous paper, we made a complete analysis of the interaction between the probe tip of a magnetic force scanning tunneling microscope (MFSTM) and the magnetic fields emanating from a typical recorded pattern. In this paper we show how the magnetization distribution in the recorded media can be determined from the measurements by obtaining expressions for the magnetic fields from a Fourier series expansion for the recorded magnetizations. We have used these techniques to find the magnetic fields from many different distributions, including all those we could find in the literature. The probe tip displacement, which is the quantity measured using the MFSTM, can be calculated using these magnetic fields. The results can then be compared to the experimental data. For one set of experiments on high density recording we have found that the best fit is with a magnetization that has a modified arctan transition. The modification eliminates the discontinuity in the slope of the transitions as they are joined together, giving a more realistic representation of the magnetic distribution. The transition width can then be used as an adjustable parameter to find the best fit to the data. The MFSTM can, therefore, be used as a quantitative tool to find the magnetic recording transition widths. These theoretical techniques are not necessarily restricted to the use of a MFSTM, but can be applied to other problems in magnetic recording. For instance, we show how the probe tip displacement corresponds to the flux picked up by a conventional read head. The response of the head as a function of different magnetization patterns can then be studied and compared to experimental results. The measurable quantities are expressed in Fourier series but we show how these series can be easily evaluated with a PC and the appropriate software.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 10 (1994), S. 4315-4323 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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