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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 272 (1978), S. 324-328 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A ‘male-specific’ DNA sequence has been localised to human satellite III DNA of the Y ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 251 (1974), S. 346-347 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We have now investigated the chromosome location of the four human satellite DNAs by in situ hybridisation using dual karyotype analysis (ref. 9 and J.R.G., R.A.B., R. P. Clayton and H.J.E., in preparaton) (see legend to Fig. 1). This involves quinacrine fluorescence and karyotype analysis of the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 53 (1980), S. 371-373 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A method is described for producing fluorescent bands on human chromosomes by staining with quinacrine after hybridisation in situ. The advantages of the method include the elimination of artefacts arising from staining before hybridisation, the fact that there is no reduction in sample number between staining and autoradiography, the ease with which autoradiographic grains can be identified and counted, and the reduction in exposure time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 66 (1984), S. 234-238 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The paper describes an attempt to estimate the frequency of aneuploid human spermatozoa with disomic Y chromosome and disomic chromosome 1 complements, using chromosome specific probes and in situ hybridisation. This approach was used as an alternative to the differential staining techniques that have been applied to spermatozoa in previous studies aimed at estimating levels of aneuploidy for chromosome 1 and the Y chromosome. A frequency of 1.8 per 1000 YY-bearing spermatozoa and 3.5 per 1000 disomy 1 spermatozoa was found, both figures being in excess of those found by sperm genome karyotyping. The technical limitations of the method are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a family with a stable dicentric 13:14 translocation chromosome, the distribution of DNA sequences complementary to satellite DNAs I, II and III and ribosomal RNA were studied. The translocation chromosome showed a loss of sequences complementary to all three satellite DNAs, located in the short arms of all the acrocentric chromosomes, but slightly more of the sequences complementary to satellite I were retained than of the other two satellite DNAs. The fact that material was lost from all three satellites indicates that they are not present as single discrete blocks in these chromosomes, when we would expect to find the distal sequences lost and the proximal ones retained, but consist of interspersed blocks with each sequence represented by more than one, and probably several blocks. There was a total loss of ribosomal DNA from the nucleolar organiser regions of the chromosomes involved in the 13:14 translocation, but an interesting finding was the presence of extra ribosomal DNA and satellite DNAs I, II and III in one chromosome 22 which was found in seven out of nine individuals of the family with the 13:14 translocation, and in only one of five individuals without the translocation. There may be a compensatory mechanism present when certain sequences are eliminated during chromosomal rearrangements. The relationship of such mechanisms to reproductive fitness is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 58 (1981), S. 276-278 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A series of partial inversions of the heterochromatic C-band of chromosome 9 have been stained with distamycin A plus 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenyl-indol-2 HCl (DA/DAPI) and found to consist of three classes: (a) those in which only the C-band in the long arm fluoresces with DA/DAPI (these are the most frequent), (b) those in which only the C-band in the short arm fluoresces with DA/DAPI, and (c) those in which the C-bands in both arms fluoresce with DA/DAPI. There are also differences in the satellite DNA content of each type of inversion as measured by hybridisation in situ. Types (a) and (b) have satellite DNA contents similar to those of their normal homologues, while type (c) has a satellite DNA content almost double that of the normal homologue. It appears that DA/DAPI specifically stains heterochromatin that contains satellite DNA. The ability to distinguish these three types of inversion may help to resolve the question of the clinical significance of such inversions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Human satellite DNAs I, II and IV were transcribed to yield radioactive complementary RNAs (cRNAs). These cRNAs were hybridised to metaphase chromosomes of man, chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) and orang utan (Pongo pygmaeus). The results of this in situ hybridisation were analysed quantitatively and compared with accepted chromosome homologies based on Giemsa banding patterns. The cRNA to satellite II (cRNAII) did not hybridise to chimpanzee chromosomes, although its hybridisation to chromosomes of gorilla and orang utan yielded more autoradiograph grains than hybridisation to human chromosomes, and cRNAIV hybridised to many chromosomes of gorilla and chimpanzee but was almost entirely restricted to the Y chromosome in orang utan. Most sites of hybridisation were located on homologous chromosomes in all four species, but there were a number of sites which showed no correspondence between satellite DNA location and chromosome banding patterns, and others where a given chromosomal location hybridised with different cRNAs in each species. These results are in contrast to those found for many transcribed DNA sequences, where the same sequence is usually located at homologous chromosome sites in different species, and appear to cast doubt on many proposed models of satellite DNA function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Clone p82H is a human DNA sequence which hybridises in situ exclusively to the centromeric regions of all human chromosomes. It is composed of approximately 14 tandemly repeated variants of a basic 172 bp sequence, and is related to the alphoid family. The organisation of the family of cross-hybridising sequences, detected by the clone p82H, is described both in the human genome and on certain chromosomes, and its relationship to known sequence families is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Radioactive RNA with sequences complementary to human DNA satellite III was hybridised in situ to metaphase chromosomes of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), the gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) and the orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus). A quantitative analysis of the radioactivity, and hence of the chromosomal distribution of human DNA satellite III equivalent sequences in the great apes, was undertaken, and the results compared with interspecies chromosome homologies based upon Giemsa banding patterns. In some instances DNA with sequence homology to human satellite III is present on the equivalent (“homologous”) chromosomes in identical positions in two or more species although quantitative differences are observed. In other cases there appears to be no correspondence between satellite DNA location and chromosome homology determined by banding patterns. These results differ from those found for most transcribed DNA sequences where the same sequence is located on homologous chromosomes in each species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Prenatal diagnosis by chorion biopsy in the first trimester of pregnancy has advantages over second trimester amniocentesis because diagnosis can be achieved at 9–12 weeks gestation, reducing prenatal anxiety and avoiding the trauma of late abortion. DNA can be prepared from chorionic villus biopsies in sufficient quantity and purity for use in prenatal diagnosis systems using specific DNA probes hybridised to restriction endonuclease digests. DNA probes derived from the Y chromosome have been used to determine fetal sex. The use of such probes means that the chromosomal sex of the fetus can be identified more quickly than by chromosome preparation and more accurately than by sex chromatin staining, and has the additional advantage that the same DNA preparation can be used for other diagnostic tests. A dot hybridisation method has been successfully used to provide even more rapid results than conventional hybridisation to Southern blots of restriction endonuclease digests. There is a risk that Y chromosome-specific DNA probes for sex determination may be subject to error if the parents have extreme Y chromosome variants such as a small or non-fluorescent Y or a Y autosome chromosome translocation. The precise extent to which such chromosome variants may lead to error has been investigated. Even extreme Y chromosome variants totally lacking fluorescence were identified as male by the cloned probes used. However, Y autosome translocations carried by females could cause error if not identified in the parents. The value of the probes has been confirmed provided that parental chromosomes and DNA are examined in parallel with the chorionic biopsy material
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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