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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) detection of early renal allograft infection with Candida glabrata—a case report (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cytopathology 10 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Introduction
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2303.1999.00181.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The quality of function of renal allografts is associated with donor age (1995)
    Springer
    Transplant international 8 (1995), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Donor age, renal function ; Kidney function, donor age ; Age donor, renal function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The quality of renal allograft function was assessed by prospective measurement of creatinine clearance at 1 year (n=197) and at 3 years (n=115) after cadaveric renal transplantation in a cohort of 268 patients treated with triple therapy immunosuppression. Donor age (P〈0.0012) and recipient age (P〈0.01) were independently associated with creatinine clearance both at 1 and at 3 years. In patients with donor age above 50 years and recipient age above 45 years, the mean creatinine clearance was 32.7 (SD 10.4) ml/min (n=27). When the donor age was below 30 years and recipient age below 45 years, the mean creatinine clearance was 55.6 (SD 14.4) ml/min (n=47, P〈0.001). However, in these patients there was no significant association between graft function and many of the factors known to influence graft survival, such as HLA matching, sensitisation of the recipient, and the occurrence of rejection. In conclusion, the quality of renal allograft function declined with increasing donor and recipient age in our patients, whilst immunological factors were not significantly associated with function in surviving grafts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336541
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclosporine and pancreas transplantation (1984)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 8 (1984), S. 230-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La cyclosporine est un puissant agent immunosuppresseur, de structure cyclique, constitué de 11 acides aminés hydrophobes. C'est dans les hétérogreffes de rein ou de coeur qu'elle a fait la preuve de son efficacité remarquable. Dans les hétérogreffes de pancréas ou d'îlots chez l'animal, la cyclosporine est loin d'atteindre la même efficacité que pour les autres greffes tissulaires. Lors des transplantations de tissu pancréatique chez l'homme, l'association cyclosporine plus corticoïdes donne des résultats voisins de ceux obtenus avec l'association azathioprine plus corticoïdes. L'un des problèmes tient sans doute à la difficulté d'identifier les épisodes de rejet aigu dans les greffes pancréatiques, ce qui rend difficile pour le pancréas le type d'études qui ont été réalisées sur les greffes rénales et cardiaques. La place de la cyclosporine dans la transplantation pancréatique reste à préciser à ce jour.
    Abstract: Resumen La ciclosporina es un agente inmunosupresor potente que consiste de once aminoácidos hidrofóbicos en una estructura cíclica. La eficacia de este agente inmunosupresor ha sido demostrado en aloinjertos renales y cardiacos en animales. Sin embargo, en investigaciones de aloinjertos de islotes pancreáticos en animales, resultados similares a los demostrados en otros tejidos no han sido confirmados. El uso de la ciclosporina y prednisona en transplante de tejido pancreático ha dado resultados similares a los obtenidos con el uso de la prednisona y azatioprina. La dificultad en la identificación temprana del rechazo agudo hace difícil comparar el uso de este agente en aloinjertos de islotes con los resultados en aloinjertos renales y cardiacos. La utilidad de la ciclosporina en el transplante pancreático no esta todaviá debidamente definida.
    Notes: Abstract A variety of experiments have thus far shown cyclosporine to be not nearly as successful in preventing rejection of pancreas allografts (islets, fetal, vascularized segmental) in experimental animals as it is with other tissues. Clinical experience has also been relatively disappointing, although surgeons at most centers have the impression that it is marginally better than azathioprine and steroids. The role of cyclosporine in pancreas transplantation, and indeed the place of pancreas transplantation, remains uncertain at this time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01655140
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of hyperglycaemia on pancreatic islets transplanted into rats beneath the kidney capsule (1989)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 32 (1989), S. 663-667 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Hyperglycaemia ; islet transplantation ; diabetes ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of hyperglycaemia on islet transplantation in the rat has been examined in two ways, using syngeneic transplantation of 400 islets to the kidney capsule and subsequent measurement of kidney insulin content as a measurement of B-cell survival. Firstly, islets were transplanted into either diabetic or normal rats, then 6 months later the composite kidney/islet graft was transplanted into a normal rat. The insulin content was measured after a further 6 months and was found to be significantly reduced in islets exposed to hyperglycaemia in the primary recipient. These findings are interpreted as showing that long-term exposure of islets to hyperglycaemia results in B-cell loss. In the second experiment 400 islets were transplanted into either a long-term (6 months) diabetic or a normal rat. Two weeks later the composite kidney/islet graft was transplanted into a normal rat. The insulin content was measured after a further 6 months and no significant difference was found, whether the primary recipient was diabetic or not. These results are interpreted as showing that islet graft implantation is not impaired in long-term diabetic rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274254
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of isolated human islets of langerhans: insulin secretion, glucose oxidation and protein phosphorylation (1985)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 28 (1985), S. 99-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Human islets ; insulin secretion ; glucose oxidation ; Ca2+-calmodulin ; protein kinases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the present study, human islets were isolated by collagenase digestion from the pancreases of three kidney donors. Maintainance of the islets in tissue culture enabled insulin release, glucose oxidation and Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein phosphorylation to be determined using the same islets. Increasing glucose over a range 0–20 mmol/l resulted in a sigmoidal stimulation of insulin release (28.8±5.2 to 118.4±25.8 μU-islet−-h−, n=10; threshold 〈4 mmol/l). There was a marked correlation between the insulin secretory response of the islets to glucose and their rate of glucose oxidation (5.9±0.3 at glucose 2 mmol/l up to 25.8±1.8 pmol-islet−.h− at 20 mmol/l, r = 0.98). N-acetylglucosamine (20 mmol/l) failed to elicit a secretory response from the islets. Stimulation of insulin secretion by glucose was dependent upon the presence of extracellular Ca2+. Extracts of the islets contained a Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase which phosphorylated a 48-kdalton endogenous polypeptide. Myosin light-chain kinase activity was demonstrated in the presence of exogenous myosin light chains. This report demonstrates for the first time the sigmoidal nature of glucose-stimulated insulin release from isolated human islets, and its correlation with enhanced glucose oxidation. Furthermore, this is the first report of the presence of Ca2+-dependent protein kinases in human islets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279924
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1496-1496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400622
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The long-term metabolic function of intraportal and renal subcapsular islet isografts and the effect on glomerular basement membrane thickness in rats (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1014-1024 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Rat ; pancreatic islet ; transplantation ; diabetes mellitus ; nephropathy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous studies of intraportal islet autotransplantation in large animals have reported graft failure after months or years. In the rat it has been reported that intraportal islet isografts eventually failed whilst islets transplanted to the renal subcapsule functioned up to a year. We made Dark Agouti (DA) rats severely diabetic with streptozotocin, then 1000 or 3000 DA islets were transplanted beneath the renal capsule or into the liver. One set of transplanted rats and untreated diabetic and normal non-diabetic littermates were monitored lifelong by measurement of plasma glucose, others were killed at 6, 12 and 18 months for measurement of haemoglobin A1c, intravenous glucose tolerance test, pancreas insulin content and histology of the kidney. Renal glomerular basement membrane thickness was measured by the orthogonal intercept method. The results showed that intraportal isografts reversed hyperglycaemia significantly faster than renal subcapsular isografts. In the renal subcapsular site, consistent reversal of diabetes was achieved with 3000 islets but not with 1000 islets. Furthermore, intraportal islet grafts with 3000 islets led to lower, normal random glucose level than renal subcapsular grafts for the first 13 months. Normoglycaemia was maintained lifelong in all rats that achieved early normoglycaemia after transplantation of 3000 islets, irrespective of the site of islet transplantation. The fasting glucose, haemoglobin A1c levels, K value and glomerular basement membrane thickness of the recipients of 3000 islets to either the intraportal and subcapsular site were not significantly different from each other and the normal controls up to 18 months. We conclude that, in streptozotocin diabetic DA rats, normoglycaemia following transplantation of an adequate mass of pancreatic islet tissue (3000 islets) to the liver or beneath the renal capsule is lifelong and the development of glomerular basement membrane thickening is prevented. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 1014–1024]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402170
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The long-term metabolic function of intraportal and renal subcapsular islet isografts and the effect on glomerular basement membrane thickness in rats (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1014-1024 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Rat ; pancreatic islet ; transplantation ; diabetes mellitus ; nephropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous studies of intraportal islet autotransplantation in large animals have reported graft failure after months or years. In the rat it has been reported that intraportal islet isografts eventually failed whilst islets transplanted to the renal subcapsule functioned up to a year. We made Dark Agouti (DA) rats severely diabetic with streptozotocin, then 1000 or 3000 DA islets were transplanted beneath the renal capsule or into the liver. One set of transplanted rats and untreated diabetic and normal non-diabetic littermates were monitored lifelong by measurement of plasma glucose, others were killed at 6, 12 and 18 months for measurement of haemoglobin A1c, intravenous glucose tolerance test, pancreas insulin content and histology of the kidney. Renal glomerular basement membrane thickness was measured by the orthogonal intercept method. The results showed that intraportal isografts reversed hyperglycaemia significantly faster than renal subcapsular isografts. In the renal subcapsular site, consistent reversal of diabetes was achieved with 3000 islets but not with 1000 islets. Furthermore, intraportal islet grafts with 3000 islets led to lower, normal random glucose level than renal subcapsular grafts for the first 13 months. Normoglycaemia was maintained life-long in all rats that achieved early normoglycaemia after transplantation of 3000 islets, irrespective of the site of islet transplantation. The fasting glucose, haemoglobin A1c levels, K value and glomerular basement membrane thickness of the recipients of 3000 islets to either the intraportal and subcapsular site were not significantly different from each other and the normal controls up to 18 months. We conclude that, in streptozotocin diabetic DA rats, normoglycaemia following transplantation of an adequate mass of pancreatic islet tissue (3000 islets) to the liver or beneath the renal capsule is lifelong and the development of glomerular basement membrane thickening is prevented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402170
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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