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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and Evaluation of a Plug Flow Reactor for Acid Hydrolysis of Cellulose (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 18 (1979), S. 166-169 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i360071a003
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of the acid hydrolysis of cellulose found in paper refuse (1971)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 5 (1971), S. 545-547 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es60053a006
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Pore Size Distribution on the Rate of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulosic Substrates (1985)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 3 (1985), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Hard and softwoods were pretreated by mild acid hydrolysis and their pore size distribution determined. Regardless of the substrate, the initial rate of hydrolysis using cellulase from Trichoderma reesei is linearly correlated with the pore volume of the substrate accessible to a nominal diameter ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0285-155
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of oxygenation conditions on submerged cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium (1990)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 34 (1990), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The effect of the oxygen supply pattern on the onset and development of the lignolytic enzyme system of Phanerochaete chrysosporium was studied in submerged culture employing the serum bottle approach. Periodic or continuous flushing through the head phase, and continuous bubbling through the liquid phase with either oxygen (O2) or air were applied. The nature of the O2 supply had a crucial regulatory effect not only on the formation of lignin-degrading peroxidases but also on their decay and on the production of extracellular protease activity and polysaccharides. Continuous oxygenation or aeration increased the glucose consumption rate, extracellular protease activity and polysaccharides. Gassing with air, whether continuous or periodic, sustained Mn-peroxidase activity while ligninase was undetectable. Continuous O2 supply speeded up ligninase decay, displaying a sharper maximum, while a broader maximum and slower decay of ligninase activity were observed when supplying periodic O2. Cultures initially grown with free exposure to air displayed a higher but sharper ligninase activity maximum when shifted to continuous rather than periodic O2 supply. In general, the higher levels of either polysaccharides or protease activity corresponded to the lower levels and faster decay of ligninase and Mn-peroxidase activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170937
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extracellular proteases produced by the wood-degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium under ligninolytic and non-ligninolytic conditions (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 163 (1995), S. 254-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Extracellular fungal proteases ; PAGE of proteases ; Lignin degradation ; Lignin peroxidase ; Phanerochaete chrysosporium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract When subjected to nitrogen limitation, the wood-degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium produces two groups of secondary metabolic, extracellular isoenzymes that depolymerize lignin in wood: lignin peroxidases and manganese peroxidases. We have shown earlier the turnover in activity of the lignin peroxidases to be due in part to extracellular proteolytic activity. This paper reports the electrophoretic characterization of two sets of acidic extracellular proteases produced by submerged cultures of P. chrysosporium. The protease activity seen on day 2 of incubation, during primary growth when nitrogen levels are not known to be limiting, consisted of at least six proteolytic bands ranging in size from 82 to 22 kDa. The activity of this primary protease was strongly reduced in the presence of SDS. Following the day 2, when nitrogen levels are known to become limiting and cultures become ligninolytic, the main protease activity (secondary protease) consisted of a major proteolytic band of 76 kDa and a minor band of 25 kDa. The major and minor secondary protease activities were inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and pepstatin A, respectively. When cultures were grown in the presence of excess nitrogen (non-ligninolytic condition), the primary protease remained the principal protease throughout the culture period. These results identify and characterize a specific proteolytic activity associated with conditions that promote lignin degradation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393377
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extracellular proteases produced by the wood-degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium under ligninolytic and non-ligninolytic conditions (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 163 (1995), S. 254-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Extracellular fungal proteases ; PAGE of ; proteases ; Lignin degradation ; Lignin peroxidase ; Phanerochaete chrysosporium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract When subjected to nitrogen limitation, the wood-degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium produces two groups of secondary metabolic, extracellular isoenzymes that depolymerize lignin in wood: lignin peroxidases and manganese peroxidases. We have shown earlier the turnover in activity of the lignin peroxidases to be due in part to extracellular proteolytic activity. This paper reports the electrophoretic characterization of two sets of acidic extracellular proteases produced by submerged cultures of P. chrysosporium. The protease activity seen on day 2 of incubation, during primary growth when nitrogen levels are not known to be limiting, consisted of at least six proteolytic bands ranging in size from 82 to 22 kDa. The activity of this primary protease was strongly reduced in the presence of SDS. Following the day 2, when nitrogen levels are known to become limiting and cultures become ligninolytic, the main protease activity (secondary protease) consisted of a major proteolytic band of 76 kDa and a minor band of 25 kDa. The major and minor secondary protease activities were inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and pepstatin A, respectively. When cultures were grown in the presence of excess nitrogen (non-ligninolytic condition), the primary protease remained the principal protease throughout the culture period. These results identify and characterize a specific proteolytic activity associated with conditions that promote lignin degradation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393377
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cellulase size reduction on activity and accessibility (1988)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 10 (1988), S. 913-918 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Reducing the size of crude cellulase from Trichoderma reesei with various proteases showed that while the β-glucosidase activity on CMC generally increased, the extent of hydrolysis of hardwood and pretreated hardwood decreased. The rank in the decrease in hydrolytic activity is the same as the rank in the decrease in enzyme adsorption on the hardwood or pretreated hardwood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01027005
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidative fermentation of calcium-magnesium lactate to calcium-magnesium acetate deicing salt (1992)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 14 (1992), S. 613-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The oxidation of Ca−Mg lactate to Ca−Mg acetate (CMA) deicing salt was studied in pure cultures ofAcetobacter pasteurianus, Gluconobacter cerinus orG. oxydans. Gluconobacter sp., which maintained a practically self-controlled pH reaction and did not overoxidize acetate, appear to be potentially important for CMA production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01023951
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of C/N ratio and moisture content on the composting of poplar wood (1995)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 17 (1995), S. 889-892 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Milled poplar wood (1.7 mm mesh size) was composted in lab-scale reactors. Initial C/N ratios were adjusted to 10:1, 30:1, and 50:1 using urea as the nitrogen source. At each C/N ratio, three moisture levels (30, 50, and 70%) were tested. C/N ratios of 50:1 or 30:1 and moisture content of 70% favored more effective composting as indicated by higher levels of mineralization of the poplar wood to CO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00129024
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the economics of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of newsprint (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 20 (1978), S. 503-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In order to compare the process economics of making glucose from cellulose, a plant design is presented using acid hydrolysis which can be compared with a published design using enzyme hydrolysis. A common design basis is used; namely, an input capacity of 885 ton/day newsprint with a common technique of cost estimation. The cost of making glucose is in the range of 1.75 to 2.45 cents/lb, depending on the slurry concentration fed to the reactor for the acid hydrolysis. This cost range is less than the published estimate of 5.2 cents/lb for enzymatic hydrolysis.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260200404
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