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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rumpshaker Mouse A Probable Mutation of the PLP Gene (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 605 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb42426.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of Myelin Proteins by Regenerating Axons (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 605 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb42427.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pathology of equine laryngeal hemiplegia (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 27 (1974), S. 337-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Equine Laryngeal Hemiplegia ; Sub-Clinical Case ; Neurogenic Atrophy ; Collateral Sprouting ; Neuropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Laryngeal muscles and nerves were obtained from 42 horses, 3 of which suffered from laryngeal hemiplegia. Of the remaining 39 clinically normal horses, 30% (12) demonstrated pathological changes in the laryngeal musculature. These changes were indicative of neurogenic atrophy and varied from fibre type grouping only, to marked fascicular atrophy. The muscles affected were those on the left side of the larynx and were supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Early changes were, however, seen in the muscles on the right side in one case. The main feature of the neural lesion was a distally progressive loss of myelinated nerve fibres, but evidence of segmental demyelination and remyelination was seen in teased nerve fibre preparations. The pattern of the muscle lesion and the possible aetiology of the neuropathy are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690698
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feline dysautonomia: an ultrastructural study of neurones in the XII nucleus (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 73 (1987), S. 275-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Dysautonomia ; Protein biosynthesis ; Rough endoplasmic reticulum ; Golgi apparatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A feline dysautonomia of unknown aetiology has been reported in numerous cats in the United Kingdom since 1981. The consistent histological lesion is a chromatolytic-type change within the neurones of the autonomic nervous system, which is also found less frequently in non-autonomic regions, such as the XII nucleus. This study describes the ultrastructural changes in the XII nucleus within the first 2 weeks of clinical disease. In the abnormal neurones there is a dispersion of the Nissl substance, progressing to dilation of individual cisternae by an electron-dense floccular material. Such cisternae have lost the majority of their ribosomes. Normal Golgi complexes can be seen in neurones where there is only slight dispersion of the Nissl substance, but no Golgi complexes, either normal or abnormal, can be identified in any cell in which the Nissl substance is markedly disrupted. There is proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in several neurones, and there may also be an increased number of morphologically normal mitochondria. The nuclei of affected neurones are eccentric with crenations of the nuclear envelope, and in some cases nucleolar changes are also observed. Autophagic vacuoles are present in small numbers. Other organelles appear normal. These findings compare closely to those for the autonomic neurones, suggesting that the primary effect of the causal agent(s) is on the protein synthetic pathway of specific neurones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686622
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pathology of a sensory neuropathy affecting Long Haired Dachshund dogs (1982)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 58 (1982), S. 141-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Canine sensory neuropathy ; Distal axonopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The microscopical findings in a sensory neuropathy affecting Long Haired Dachshund dogs are described. This disorder, which may have a genetic basis, results in loss of proprioception, touch and sense and reduction or loss of nociception and urinary control. In the distal cutaneous nerves, there was a severe loss of large myelinated fibers but unmyelinated fiber density was not reduced. Many of the remaining myelinated fibers contained accumulations of axonal organelles and teased fibers showed that some were degenerating whilst others had successive areas of paranodal demyelination. There was marked pathology of unmyelinated fibers with proliferation of tubulo-vesicular profiles resulting in the formation of stacks or lamellar arrays and darkening of the axoplasm. There were numerous regenerating unmyelinated axons. In the spinal cord, axonal degeneration was scen in the distal portion of the dorsal columns. The clinical signs in this distal axonopathy were therefore compatible with the widespread sensory nerve pathology which was found. It is concluded that this neuropathy resulted from progressive nerve degeneration and comparisons between this neuropathy and other sensory neuropathies in animals and man are made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691655
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A myopathy associated with myotonia in the dog (1975)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 31 (1975), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Canine Myopathy ; Associated Myotonia ; Varying Fibre Size ; Internal Nuclei ; Degeneration ; Regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pathology of two cases of a canine myopathy associated with myotonia are presented. The changes were interpreted as dystrophic. The most obvious features were a rounding on cross section and variation in fibre size with numerous internal nuclei, many of which formed chains. Degeneration and regenaration were seen and there was a slight increase in perimysial and endomysial connective tissue. Only one ringed fibre was seen, but no sarcoplasmic masses. Enzyme histochemistry failed to demonstrate any selective Type I fibre atrophy. The peripheral and central nervous systems were normal in both cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687924
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age changes in the dorsal and ventral lumbar nerve roots of dogs (1975)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 32 (1975), S. 75-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Lumbar Nerve Roots ; Age Changes ; Demyelination and Remyelination ; Myelin Balloons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dorsal and ventral nerve roots from clinically normal dogs aged 3 months to 13 years have been examined. The L6, L7 roots were selected and samples removed from the roots within the sub-arachnoid space and within the root sleeves. Routine light microscopy, electron microscopy and single fibre studies have been made. The single teased fibre results have been analysed statistically for the correlation of internodal length and diameter. With increasing age there was marked evidence of demyelination and remyelination. Paranodal and segmental demyelination were present and there were numerous fibres showing a marked variation in internodal length. In younger animals these features were not seen. Wallerian type degeneration was uncommon. In older animals myelin balloons, similar to those described proximal to neuromas, were commonly found. These were present in both dorsal and ventral roots. The balooning appeared to result from a splitting of the myelin sheath. The intervening space was non-staining but sometimes contained myelin debris. No evidence of neuromas was present in these roots or peripheral nerves. These studies suggest that both the ballooning and demyelination and remyelination are age related.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686068
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cholesterol masses in association with spinal cord infarction due to intervertebral disc emboli (1975)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 33 (1975), S. 85-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Intervertebral Disc Emboli ; Spinal Cord Infarction ; Cholesterol Masses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The clinical and autopsy findings are presented from three dogs with spinal cord infarction. At autopsy firm gritty masses and cystic areas were present within the spinal cord. The masses contained numerous cholesterol clefts, collagen and reticulin fibres and were accompanied by a macrophage, giant cell and lymphocytic reponse. The cholesterol masses were present mainly in white matter. The ventral spinal artery or its branches as well as pial arteries contained fibrillary masses often covered by endothelial cells. The staining characteristics of these emboli suggested that they were fibro-cartilagenous and probably derived from the intervertebral discs. It is assumed that the cholesterol masses were formed from myelin breakdown products within infarcted areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685968
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early vascular changes in the spinal grey matter following impact injury (1978)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 41 (1978), S. 33-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Spinal cord injury ; Microvasculature ; Protein extravasation ; Endothelial gaps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructural changes of the microvasculature in the spinal grey matter were studied after impact injuries of varying severity in cats. Survival times ranged from 3 min to 6 h after injuries. The main vessels affected were capillaries and postcapillary venules. Perivascular haemorrhage and protein extravasation were present immediately after impact. Astrocytic foot processes could be swollen or shrunken and of increased electron density. The extra cellular space (ECS) was often distended with proteinaceous material. Some vessels showed an apparent increase in vesicles and small dense inclusions were seen in pericytes. By 20–30 min after impact, a number of vessels at greater impact energies showed degenerative changes in organelles and endothelial gaps. The lumina of these vessels often contained plasma, platelets, red cells and occasional neutrophils. Similar changes were seen between 3 and 6 h and at this stage neutrophils and some monocytes were present in the perivascular spaces and neuropil. Endothelial balloons and pericytic dense inclusions were also seen. It is suggested that initial events are mechanical, perhaps due to a rapid displacement of blood in venules followed by arterial hypertension (which commonly accompanies spinal cord impacts). Although initially many lumena are patent by 30 min there is a difference between the lesser and greater severities of impact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689554
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Progressive axonopathy: An inherited neuropathy of boxer dogs. 4. myelin sheath and Schwann cell changes in the nerve roots (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 16 (1987), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes in the myelin sheath have been studied in the nerve roots of dogs with Progressive axonopathy, an autosomal recessive inherited neuropathy. The earliest changes were attenuation of the sheath at the proximal paranode and adjacent internode, probably in response to the axonal swelling which occurs in this area. Myelin bubbles were frequently observed along internodes. As the disease developed, progressively more fibres demonstrated short internodes of irregular length and thin myelin sheaths suggesting extensive remyelination and remodelling of the sheath. Short lengths of axons devoid of myelin, and occasional macrophages were also encountered. Sheaths of both original and newly formed internodes were highly irregular in outline. Occasional intra-axonal projections of adaxonal Schwann cell cytoplasm were observed, but complex interdigitations were unusual. A moderately electron-dense, granular material accumulated within the myelin sheath, becoming more obvious in the advanced disease. This material of unknown origin and composition was located predominantly at the intraperiod line principally between the adaxonal cytoplasm and the inner major dense line, but also at Schmidt-Lanterman incisures and between paranodal loops. Xenografts of the canine nerves into athymic mice failed to demonstrate any of the myelin sheath changes. The temporal and spatial relationship of the myelin sheath and axonal changes and the failure to reproduce the natural lesion in grafts suggest that Schwann cell alterations probably occur in response to the axonal changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01795299
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