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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active Specific Immunotherapy of Melanoma with Allogeneic Cell Lysates Rationale, Results, and Possible Mechanisms of Action (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 690 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb44005.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    p53 and treatment of bladder cancer (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 385 (1997), S. 123-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - The report by Waldman et all that tumours with alterations in the gene p53 may exhibit increased sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents is in significant contrast to the prevailing view that p53-altered cells are more resistant to chemotherapy because they are less able to undergo apoptosis ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/385123b0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variations in treatment of rectal cancer (1997)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 40 (1997), S. 641-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Cancer, rectal, treatment ; Sphincter preservation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Surgical options for the treatment of rectal cancer may involve sphincter-sparing procedures (SSP) or abdominoperineal resection (APR). We sought to examine variations in the surgical treatment of rectal cancer for a large, well-defined patient population and specifically to determine if differences exist in management and survival based on hospital type and surgical caseload. METHODS: The Cancer Surveillance Program database for Los Angeles County was used to retrospectively retrieve data on all patients who underwent SSP or APR for rectal adenocarcinoma between 1988 and 1992. RESULTS: A total of 2,006 patients with adenocarcinoma of the rectum underwent SSP or APR during the study period. Overall, 55 percent underwent SSP, and the remaining 45 percent underwent APR. Use of SSP remained relatively constant for each year of the five-year period. Substantial variability was seen in the use of SSP at various hospital types. For localized disease, this varied from as low as 52 percent at teaching hospitals to as high as 78 percent at hospitals approved by the American College of Surgeons (P=0.067). To examine the role of caseload experience, hospitals were divided into those completing an average of five or fewer rectal cancer cases per year vs.those completing an average of more than five cases per year. For localized disease, hospitals with higher caseloads performed SSP in significantly more cases, 69 vs.63 percent (P=0.049). Survival was seen to be significantly improved for patients operated on at hospitals with higher caseloads, in cases of both localized and regional diseases (P〈0.001). CONCLUSION: Surgical choices in the treatment of rectal cancer may vary widely, even in a well-defined geographic region. Although the reasons for this variability are multifactorial, hospital environment and surgical caseload experience seem to have a significant role in the choice of surgical procedure and on survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02140891
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-resistance of topoisomerase I and II inhibitors in neuroblastoma cell lines (2000)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 45 (2000), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: Key words Etoposide ; Topotecan ; CPT-11 ; Bone marrow transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: We have previously shown that neuroblastoma cell lines established from patients after intensive chemotherapy show sustained resistance to various drugs and especially high resistance to etoposide (up to 51 times higher than a clinically achievable level). To determine whether topoisomerase I inhibitors (topotecan and CPT-11) are effective against etoposide-resistant neuroblastomas, we studied the response to topotecan and the active metabolite of CPT-11 (SN-38) in 19 cell lines with a spectrum of sensitivities to etoposide. Materials and methods: The panel included cell lines established at diagnosis and after disease progression either during induction chemotherapy or after myeloablative therapy supported with bone marrow transplantation. Cytotoxicities of topotecan, SN-38, and etoposide were determined using a microplate digital image microscopy (DIMSCAN) assay with a 4-log dynamic range. Results: All six etoposide-resistant cell lines were resistant to topotecan and SN-38 (resistance defined as LC90 higher then clinically achievable levels for the drug). Significant cross-resistance by Pearson's correlation analysis (r ≥ 0.6) occurred between topotecan + etoposide, topotecan + SN-38, and etoposide + SN-38. Conclusions: Topotecan and CPT-11 do not have significant activity against most etoposide-resistant neuroblastoma cell lines and this suggests that agents other than topoisomerase inhibitors should be explored for the treatment of recurrent neuroblastomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006736
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary osteogenic sarcoma: Eight-year experience with adjuvant chemotherapy (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 106 (1983), S. 55-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Osteogenic sarcoma ; Chemotherapy ; Hig-dose methotrexate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since October 1973, 185 patients 21 years of age or younger with primary osteogenic sarcoma of an extremity were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Twenty-five of the first fifty-two patients (48%) have remained free of disease for a median of 7 years. In the next chemotherapy protocol most patients had chemotherapy prior to amputation or resection, during which time the dose of high-dose methotrexate was escalated in many patients to that needed to shrink the primary tumor. For a median of 4 years 43 of 54 patients (80%) have remained free of disease. In the current protocol, the response of the primary tumor to chemotherapy with high-dose methotrexate was used to select postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for the patient. With the latter approach 73 of 79 patients (92%) have remained continuously free of disease for a median of 2 years. This experience demonstrates the value of chemotherapy in increasing the cure rate in osteogenic sarcoma and that the response to preoperative chemotherapy can help select postoperative chemotherapy to produce an even higher potential cure rate for osteogenic sarcoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625054
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II trial of carboplatin or iproplatin in cervical cancer (1991)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 28 (1991), S. 391-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary From July 1984 to November 1987, 89 patients with recurrent measurable squamous-cell cancer of the uterine cervix were randomized in a single institution to receive treatment with either carboplatin (CBDCA) or iproplatin (CHIP). Objective response rates were similar: 2 complete regressions (CRs) and 10 partial regressions (PRs) were recorded both in the 46 evaluable patients treated with CBDCA (response rate, 26.1%; 95% confidence interval, 15–41%) and in the 40 evaluable patients treated with CHIP (response rate, 30%; 95% confidence interval, 17–47%). The median duration of response was 5.5 months for CBDCA and 6 months for CHIP; the median survival was 7.5 and 7.6 months, respectively. Both drugs were given in an outpatient setting and myelosuppression (thrombocytopenia) was the predominant toxicity. Analysis of all toxic events yielded additional interesting observations: the occurrence of moderate to severe platelet nadirs beyond cycle 1 was confined to CHIP, a higher incidence of gastrointestinal toxicity during treatment with CHIP, and five moderate to severe complaints of asthenia (recorded as neurologic events) during CHIP therapy versus only one during treatment with CBDCA. Because of its antitumor activity and its toxicologic advantage, a future role for CBDCA in the treatment of cervical cancer appears likely.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685695
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical considerations in the design, conduct and analyses of antiemetic clinical trials (1998)
    Springer
    Supportive care in cancer 6 (1998), S. 261-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-7339
    Keywords: Key words Cancer chemotherapy ; Clinical trials ; Statistics ; Trial design
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Various aspects of trial design and planning for clinical testing of antiemetic therapies administered to cancer patients are considered. It is generally felt that a randomized double-blind parallel-arm design is the best. Ways of achieving adequate power of such studies are discussed briefly, as is the need for previous identification of primary and secondary end-points. Finally, summary recommendations are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005200050164
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subject-reported compliance in a chemoprevention trial for familial adenomatous polyposis (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral medicine 12 (1989), S. 233-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: chemoprevention trial ; familial adenomatous polyposis ; compliance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract A high level of compliance with an assigned treatment regimen is fundamental to accurate assessment of treatment effectiveness in any clinical trial. If compliance is poor, an effective treatment may be confounded by inadequate delivery of the regimen. Although much research has focused on broad aspects of compliance dealing with clinical therapeutic situations, there was a need for further research dealing specifically with adherence issues in a long-term chemoprevention trial since subject motivation in the latter is likely to differ from that of the former. Examining subject-reported compliance over the first 2-year treatment periods of a long-term chemoprevention trial for familial adenomatous polyposis, it was found that (1) compliance decreased over time, (2) fiber compliance was lower than vitamin compliance, and (3) four explanatory variables which may be amenable to individualized study-team interventions emerged as useful prognosticators of fiber compliance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00844869
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contortrostatin, a dimeric disintegrin from contortrix contortrix, inhibits breast cancer progression (2000)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 61 (2000), S. 249-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: adhesion ; breast cancer ; disintegrin ; integrins ; invasion ; metastasis ; angiogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the results of a multidisciplinary study on the inhibitory effect of a snake venom disintegrin, contortrostatin, a 13.5 kDa homodimeric protein isolated from Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix (southern copperhead) venom, on breast cancer progression. We demonstrate that contortrostatin binds to integrins and blocks the adhesion of human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-435) to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including fibronectin and vitronectin, but it has no effect on adhesion of the cells to laminin and Matrigel. Contortrostatin also prevents invasion of MDA-MB-435 cells through an artificial Matrigel basement membrane. Daily local injection of contortrostatin (5 μg per mouse per day) into MDA-MB-435 tumor masses in an orthotopic xenograft nude mouse model inhibits growth of the tumor by 74% (p = 0.0164). More importantly, it reduces the number of pulmonary macro-metastasis of the breast cancer by 68% (p 〈 0.001), and micro-metastasis by 62.4% (p 〈 0.001). Contortrostatin is not cytotoxic to cancer cells, and does not inhibit proliferation of the breast cancer cells in vitro. However, contortrostatin inhibits angiogenesis induced by the breast cancer, as shown by immunohistochemical quantitation of the vascular endothelial cells in tumor tissue removed from the nude mice. We have identified αvβ3, an important integrin mediating cell motility and tumor invasion, as one of the binding sites of contortrostatin on MDA-MB-435 cells. We conclude that contortrostatin blocks αvβ3, and perhaps other integrins, and thus inhibits in vivo progression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006457903545
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