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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Pancreatic carcinoma ; Poly (C) specific serum ribonuclease ; CEA ; Early diagnosis ; Pankreascarcinom ; Poly (C) spezifische Serum Ribonuklease ; CEA ; Frühdiagnose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die mögliche Rolle der Poly (C) spezifischen Serum RNase und des CEA (Median, min-max) in der Früh- und Differentialdiagnose des Pankreas-Ca bzw. ihre Spezifität und Anwendbarkeit wurden kritisch analysiert: Die Poly (C) RNase-Spiegel wurden bei 13 „Normal“-Patienten (14,6 E/ml, 4,3–29,8 E/ml), 16 Patienten mit Pankreas-Ca im Stadium T 3 oder metastasierend (17,6 E/ml, 6–49,9 E/ml), 15 Patienten mit chronischer Pankreatitis (9,5 E/ml, 4,9–26,5 E/ml), 7 Patienten mit akuter Pankreatitis (14,2 E/ml, 5,5–67,3 E/ml) und 13 Patienten mit verschiedenen anderen Malignomen (15 E/ml, 4,3–42,5 E/ml) bestimmt. Der CEA-Spiegel wurde bei 18 „Normal“-Patienten (1,15 ng/ml, 0–4,3 ng/ml), 12 Pankreaskarzinom-Patienten im Stadium T 3 oder metastasierend (6,5 ng/ml, 2–456,5 ng/ml, 13 Patienten mit chronischer Pankreatitis (2,3 ng/ml, 0–8,5 ng/ml), 8 Fälle mit akuter Pankreatitis (2,7 ng/ml, 0,1–4,6 ng/ml) und 5 Patienten mit nicht verifiziertem Verdacht auf ein Pankreas-Ca (0,9 ng/ml, 0–1,7 ng/ml). Die Serum Ribonuklease Aktivität zeigte beim Pankreas-Ca keine signifikante Erhöhung, Patienten mit Pankreas-Ca konnten nicht von den anderen unterschieden werden. Andere Einflüsse auf den RNase Spiegel waren weitgehend ausgeschlossen: Niereninsuffizienz, Ernährung, Alter, Geschlecht. Der Serum-CEA-Spiegel war bei Pankreascarcinom signifikant höher (p〈0,05) gegenüber allen anderen Gruppen. Bei 2,5 ng/ml als Grenze war die Sensitivität mit 10/12 80%, die Spezifität aus allen Vergleichsgruppen mit 31/44 70,5%, unter Ausschluß anderer Carcinome. Die vorgelegte Arbeit und die Ergebnisse in der Literatur zeigen, daß die Poly (C) RNase in der Diagnose des Pankreas-Ca nicht verwertbar erscheint. Die Bestimmung des CEA-Spiegels erweist sich jedoch bei einer Spezifität von 70,5% gemeinsam mit anderen Befunden als differentialdiagnostisch anwendbar, und könnte, vor allem in Hinblick auf ihre Sensivität (80%) und Korrelation zur Ausdehnung, in der Rezidivkontrolle des operierten Pankreas-Ca von Bedeutung sein.
    Notes: Summary The possible role of poly(C)RNase serum activity and CEA serum level for early detection and differentiation of pancreatic carcinoma and its specifity and valuability were critically analyzed: Serum RNase (median, min-max) with polycytidin as substrate was determined in 13 “normal” patients (14.6 E/ml, 4.3–29.8 E/ml), 16 patients with pancreatic cancer (T3 or metastases) (17.6 E/ml, 6–49.9 E/ml), 15 patients with chronic pancreatitis (9.5 E/ml, 4.9–26.5 E/ml), 7 patients with acute pancreatitis (14.2 E/ml, 5.5–67.3 E/ml) and 13 patients with other types of malignomas (15 E/ml, 4.3–42.5 E/ml). Serum CEA level was evaluated in 18 “normal” patients (1.15 ng/ml, 0–4.3 ng/ml), 12 patients with pancreatic carcinoma (T3 or metastases) (6.5 ng/ml, 2–456.5 ng/ml), 13 patients with chronic pancreatitis (2.3 ng/ml, 0–8.5 ng/ml), 8 patients with acute pancreatitis (2.7 ng/ml, 0.1–4.6 ng/ml) and 5 patients without operative verification of suspected pancreatic carcinoma (0.9 ng/ml, 0–1.7 ng/ml). The serum RNase activity in pancreatic cancer patients did not show any significant increase in comparison to the other groups, and these patients could not be distinguished from those with the other diseases when excluding other factors influencing serum RNase level such as: Renal insufficiency, nutrition, age, sex. Their CEA level was significantly higher in comparison to the other groups (p〈0.05). Using 2.5 ng/ml as the limit, the sensitivity was found to be 80% (10/12 of pancreatic carcinomas positive) and the specifity being 70.5% (31/44 of other groups without malignant diseases negative). The presented study and data in the literature show that poly (C) RNase measurement is not useful in early detection of pancreatic carcinoma, but the CEA test could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic diseases due to its specifity (70.5%) and seems to be valuable in detection of residual and in monitoring for recurrent pancreatic carcinoma in view of its sensitivity and correlation with the stage of cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Experimental acute pancreatitis ; Phospholipase A ; p-Bromophenacylbromide ; Phospholipase A inhibitor ; Experimentelle akute Pankreatitis ; Phospholipase A ; p-Bromophenacylbromid ; Phospholipase A-Inhibitor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit wurde die Wirksamkeit des Phospholipase A-Inhibitors p-Bromophenacylbromid (p-BPAB) bei experimenteller akuter Pankreatitis an Ratten überprüft. Die Pankreatitis wurde durch Instillation von 0,4 ml tierischer Galle in den Pankreasgang ausgelöst. p-BPAB wurde in einer Dosierung von 0,25 µg/g Körpergewicht als Einzeldosis entweder 30 min vor oder 30 min nach bzw. 4 h nach dem Auslösen der Pankreatitis i.p. appliziert. Eine prophylaktische und frühzeitige Zufuhr von p-BPAB verhinderte weitgehend morphologische Veränderungen, wie z.B. Nekrosen und Hämorrhagien. Außerdem waren unter der Inhibitorgabe sowohl die Serumlipase als auch die Serumamylasewerte im Vergleich zu den Werten unbehandelter Tiere signifikant geringer (P〈0,001). Diese therapeutische Wirkung des Inhibitors blieb bei einer Applikation 4 h nach dem Auflösen der Pankreatitis aus. Der Phospholipaseinhibitor p-BPAB scheint somit bei frühzeitiger Gabe in der Lage zu sein, klinische und morphologische Manifestationen einer akuten Pankreatitis zu verringern.
    Notes: Summary In this study the effect of p-bromophenacylbromide (p-BPAB), an inhibitor of phospholipase A, was studied in acute pancreatitis in an experimental rat model. Acute pancreatitis was produced by instillation of 0.4 ml bile into the pancreatic duct. p-BPAB was injected i.p. in a dosage of 0.25µg/g b.wt. 30 min before, 30 min after, or 4 h after the onset of pancreatitis. Prophylactic and early administration of p-BPAB inhibited severe morphological changes, such as necrosis and hemorrhages. Moreover, during administration of the inhibitor, decreased plasma concentrations of serum lipase and amylase (P〈0.001) were monitored and compared with untreated animals. These therapeutic effects of p-BPAB were not seen in rats in which the inhibitor was injected 4 h after the onset of pancreatitis. As a result the phospholipase inhibitor, p-BPAB, reduces the clinical and morphological manifestations of acute pancreatitis. The effect of p-BPAB is dependent on the time of administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 185 (1985), S. 131-137 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Phospholipase-A1 ; Phospholipase-A2 ; Experimental acute pancreatitis ; Pathomorphological spread
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using a standardized model of bile-induced acute pancreatitis, the reaction of phospholipase-A1 activity was investigated in parallel to that of phospholipase-A2, as well as their relationship to the pathomorphological spread of pancreatitis. While the measurement of the total free fatty acids (FFA) in serum as metabolites of phospholipase-A activity indicated variable reactions with the average remaining the same (0.186 ± 0.15 to 0.192 ± 0.153 mEq/l), phospholipase-A2 exhibited a highly significant increase from 9.6 ± 2.2 to 18.2 ± 5.4 nmol/ml/min (P 〈 0.01). It was demonstrated that in parallel phospholipase-A1 also showed a highly significant increase from 2.5 ± 1.2 to 6.7 ± 3.1 nmol/ml/min (P 〈 0.01). In relation to the pathomorphological score, both phospholipases showed a small increase at a low score (edema to focal necrosis), whereas in groups with a larger spread of the pancreatitis, score 5 or 6 (extended necrosis to retroperitoneal necrosis), the increase was substantially clearer. As a result of these findings, we conclude that phospholipase-A1 could possibly be used as phospholipase-A2 as an indicator of the severity of acute pancreatitis and that it should be taken into consideration in the very promising therapy with phospholipase-A-antagonists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 178 (1981), S. 241-246 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Somatostatin (growth hormone release inhibitory factor) ; Small bowel absorption ; Glucose ; Leucin ; Somatostatin ; Dünndarmresorption ; Glukose ; Leucin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer Resorptionsstudie an der isolierten Thiry Vella-Schlinge am wachen Hund wurde der Einfluß von Somatostatin (SST) auf die Dünndarmresorption von Glukose und Leucin untersucht. Unter SST wurde eine signifikante, aber nicht totale Hemmung der Glukoseresorption und eine prozentuell geringere signifikante Verminderung der Leucinresorption gefunden.
    Notes: Summary Small bowel absorption of glucose and leucin was investigated under the influence of somatostatin (SST) using an isolated Thiry Vella loop in the unrestrained dog. SST infusion significantly reduced glucose and leucin absorption, inhibiting glucose absorption more than that of leucin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 181 (1982), S. 231-238 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Acute pancreatitis ; Amino acid metabolism ; Protein catabolism ; Akute Pankreatitis ; Experimentelle Pankreatitis ; Aminosäuren-Stoffwechsel ; Eiweißkatabolismus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Anhand zweier Pankreatitismodelle, Phospholipase-A + Galle sowie Äthionin, wurden an Ratten die Veränderungen im Aminosäuremetabolismus untersucht, da vorausgegangene Untersuchungen zeigten, daß Patienten mit akuter Pankreatitis drastische Veränderungen des Aminosäureprofils im Plasma und intrazellulär im Sinne eines Eiweißkatabolismus aufwiesen. In beiden experimentellen Gruppen kam es im Plasma des zentralvenösen Blutes (Vena cava inferior) in der Frühphase der akuten Pankreatitis zur signifikanten Erhöhung des Gesamtaminosäuregehaltes (P〈0,001). Bei Phospholipase-A + Galle-Pankreatitis waren die Konzentrationen von Glutamat, Glycin, Alanin, 3-Methylhistidin (P〈 0,05), Valin, Isoleucin, Leucin, Phenylalanin (P〈 0,001) und Tyrosin (P〈 0,01) signifikant erhöht. Nach Äthioninpankreatitis trat eine signifikante Steigerung der Aminosäurekonzentrationen von Threonin, Serin, Glutamin, Methionin, 3-Methylhistidin (P〈0,05), Valin, Isoleucin, Leucin, Phenylalanin (P〈0,01), Glycin und Alanin (P〈0,001) auf. Die experimentellen Ergebnisse unterscheiden sich in einigen Punkten von den klinischen Befunden, da im Gegensatz zur klinischen Pankreatitis sowohl die Gesamtaminosäurenspiegel als auch die einzelnen glukoneogenetischen Aminosäuren (Alanin, Glutamin) erhöht waren. Die unterschiedlichen Ergebnisse in Klinik und Experiment könnten möglicherweise so interpretiert werden, daß bei der klinischen akuten Pankreatitis als Folge eines bereits länger andauernden Eiweißkatabolismus die Protein-und Aminosäurenspeicher des Patienten reduziert sind. Im experimentellen Modell untersucht man die Frühphase der Aminosäurenmobilisierung unbeeinflußt vom Ernährungszustand und findet so erhöhte Plasmaaminosäurenspiegel.
    Notes: Summary Previous metabolic studies in clinical acute pancreatitis revealed drastic changes of the amino acid (AA) metabolism as the result of a catabolic situation of the patients. In this study the AA metabolism in two experimental rat models was investigated. Acute pancreatitis was produced either with ethionine or with phospholipase plus bile. Total plasma AA concentrations (vena cava inferior) were significantly increased in both groups of rats as compared to normal rats (P〈0.001). The concentrations of glutamate, glycine, alanine, 3-methylhistidine (P〈0.05), of valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine (P〈0.001), and also of tyrosine (P〈0.01) were significantly increased in the phospholipase model, whereas those of threonine, serine, glutamine, methionine, 3-methylhistidine (P〈0.05), of valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine (P〈0.01), and also of glycine and alanine (P〈0.001) were increased in ethionine-produced pancreatitis. These results reveal divergent results of the AA metabolism in experimental and clinical pancreatitis. A possible explanation for the difference may be the prolonged catabolic state of the patients at the time of evaluation resulting in decreased protein and AA pools. In contrast, in the rat models the early phase of acute pancreatitis not yet influenced by malnutrition may lead to an increased mobilization of muscle AA expressed in high levels of plasma amino acids.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 7 (1993), S. 400-403 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Laparoscopy ; Scarred abdomen ; Previous laparotomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This paper reports 121 laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC) in patients who had had previous abdominal surgery between June 1990 and August 1992. There were 93 cases with lower abdominal scar (LS) and 28 with upper or umbilicus midline scar (US). For insertion of the laparoscope in the scarred abdomen we use the conventional laparoscopic approach (CLA), the peritoneum perforation under vision approach (PP), and the open laparoscopic approach (OLA). One hundred twenty scarred abdomens were completed successfully. Conversion to an open procedure was required in one case with previous LS, because of injury of the jejunum. One postoperative intraabdominal hematoma was noted and treated with percutaneous catheter drainage. No reoperation was required and no further complications were noted. Patients who had a previous laparotomy had no substantially longer operative time or postoperative hospital stay. Revealing a total complication rate of 1.6%, this study shows that previous abdominal surgery should no longer be considered a contraindication to LC.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 347 (1978), S. 639-640 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Hyperinsulinism organic ; Islet-cell adenoma, occult ; Surgical management ; 95% Pancreatectomy ; Organischer Hyperinsulinismus ; nicht lokalisierbares Adenom ; chirurgisches Konzept ; 95 %-Resektion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die wesentlichste Problematik der chirurgischen Therapie des gesicherten pankreatogenen Hyperinsulinismus ist das nicht lokalisierbare Adenom (ca. 20 %). Die Analyse 19 eigener Fälle, bei denen 9 „blinde” Resektionen als Erstoperation durchgeführt wurden und die Ergebnisse aus der Literatur legen folgendes taktisches Konzept nahe: Halbresektion mit Lamellierung. Histologie im Schnellschnitt und immunhistochemisch, i.op. BZ-Kontrolle. Sind these negativ: 95 %-Resektion. Ob die operative transhepatische Katheterisation eine Verbesserung bringen kann, bleibt abzuwarten.
    Notes: Summary Despite sophisticated diagnostic procedures such as preoperative transhepatic catheterization, the surgical management of unrecognizable, occult functioning islet-cell adenoma represents the most challenging and controversial issue in pancreatic hyperinsulinism. Based on an analysis of 19 of our own cases in which nine “blind” distal pancreatectomies were performed as a first operation, the following procedure is advocated: Left-side resection of the organ with lamination of the specimen, frozen section and immunhistochemistry, with observation of the blood glucose level. If the results are negative, a 95 % pancreatectomy should be carried out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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