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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PRELIMINARY STUDIES OF POSSIBLE COSMIC DUST IMPACTS ON PROJECT MERCURY VEHICLE PERISCOPE LENSES (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 119 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb47428.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanometeorites (1961)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 190 (1961), S. 897-898 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The particle collector was of an impact type which could simultaneously expose four collection surfaces each with a different effective collection area and consequently different particle-size cut-offs. The smallest particles which could be individually collected were approximately 0-2^ in ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/190897a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival of Micro-Organisms in Space (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 206 (1965), S. 442-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THIS article describes the first successful direct exposure of unprotected terrestrial micro-organisms to the environment of space, and their recovery. In the course of genetic and other studies, biological materials have previously been flown on board balloons1,2, rockets3 and satellites1,3?5, but ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/206442a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival of micro-organisms in space (1968)
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 1 (1968), S. 118-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Dried suspensions ofPenicillium roqueforti Thom, Coliphage T-1,Bacillus subtilis and tobacco mosaic virus were exposed to space on board the Gemini-IX-A and XII earth satellites and the Agena-VIII space rocket. All micro-organisms tested survived the direct exposure during the Gemini-IX-A experiment. In the Gemini-XII experiment only the T-1 phage survived the direct exposure. The survival was influenced by the suspending medium and depended on the species of the microorganism. After four months of space flight on the Agena-VIII space rocket surviving fractions between 2×10−3 and 1.0 were found in the unopened flight container. However, micro-organisms exposed on the cover of the container during this period were completely inactivated. Shielding against solar ultraviolet radiation during flight resulted in survival of micro-organisms exceeding to that of the transport controls, and the survival was considered complete. Sterile methylcellulose collection surfaces were exposed to space on board the Gemini-IX-A and XII satellites in an attempt to collect viable micro-organisms in space. None of the collection surfaces yielded viable micro-organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00924234
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival of micro-organisms in space (1969)
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 1 (1969), S. 491-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Survival of coliphageT 1, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and spores ofPenicillium roqueforti Thom after direct exposure to space on board 6 balloons, 6 sounding rockets and 3 satellites is related to the numbers of solar UV photons incident during exposure. The survival followed exponential curves leading to complete inactivation. Solar ultraviolet radiation of wavelengths 2000 Å to 3000 Å appears to be the main cause of inactivation of broth suspended phage and, probably, TMV.T 1 phage andPenicillium spores prepared in saline were also affected by radiation shorter than 2000 Å, while TMV seems to be resistant to radiation of these wavelengths. The biological effectiveness of the solar spectrum in the area between 3000 Å to 50 000 Å was not significant. Sterilization of interplanetary spacecraft appears necessary since micro-organisms can easily be shielded against lethal radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00924239
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