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Notes: Zero-field ac susceptibility and isothermal magnetization of the quasi-2D alkanediammonium copper tetrahalide series, [NH3(CH2)nNH3]CuX4, where n=4, 5, 6, and 10 with X=Cl and Br, are reported. The 3D antiferromagnetic ordering temperature Tc for the Cl compounds is determined. It is shown that the critical susceptibilities decay exponentially as the temperature increases (T(approximately-greater-than)Tc). A power-law divergence at Tc is seen in the Br compounds with n=7 and 10. This behavior is characteristic of 3D ferromagnetic ordering at Tc. The critical exponent γ for the initial susceptibility (T(approximately-greater-than)Tc) has been obtained for the Br compounds. It is found that there is a second (minor) peak below Tc in the Br compounds with n=5 and 7. The transition associated with this peak may be interpreted as a long range (spontaneous) ordering due to very small spin anisotropies, such as a spin canting between the layers. In the Br compounds the isothermal magnetization is suppressed in low fields, and the value of the critical exponent δ estimated from the isothermal data is considerably smaller than that given by standard models. Spatial- and spin-dimensionality crossovers are apparent in the both initial susceptibility and isothermal magnetization data.

Notes: 1H spin-lattice relaxation times have been measured as functions of temperature and frequency in powder samples of the two-dimensional ferromagnetic compound (CH3NH3)2CuCl4 and in single crystals of the one-dimensional ferromagnets (C6H11NH3)CuB3 (CHAB), (C6H11NH3)CuCl3 (CHAC), and (C4H12N)CuCl3 (TMCuC). Sample temperatures were varied between 4.2 and 298 K, and NMR frequencies ranging from 12.6 to 54.0 MHz were used. Widths and shapes of the lines, typically several hundred Gauss broad at low temperatures, were recorded. The dependence of T1 upon magnetic field orientation was measured for the one-dimensional (1D) single crystal samples. Each compound showed basically two temperature regimes of different spin-lattice relaxation behavior, separated by a narrow transition temperature region. From 4.2 K, T1 in the compounds decreased strongly as the temperature was raised, a behavior expected for second-order Raman processes [K. M. Kopinga, A. M. C. Tinus, W. J. M. de Jonge, and G. C. de Vries, Phys. Rev. B 36, 5398 (1987)]. At the transition temperature region the decrease of T1 ceased, and T1 began to increase weakly and quasilinearly to 300 K. In the three 1D compounds, the transition regions occurred well below temperatures corresponding to 1D exchange interaction strengths in CHAC (∼70 K), CHAB (∼55 K), and TMCuC (∼30 K), and also above the compounds' 3D ordering temperatures (∼1.5 K and below). We noted a correlation between the T1 transition temperatures and temperatures at which spin dimensionality "crossovers'' are observed in magnetic susceptibilities, going from Heisenberg to non-Heisenberg behavior as the temperature is decreased. The latter occur at approximately 10 K in CHAC. TMCuC, which has the most isotropic J tensor of these compounds and also the lowest weak-strong T1 transition, does not show a spin dimensionality crossover in susceptibility down to 2 K, but based on our NMR results one would be expected at or below this temperature. Further theoretical work appears to be necessary in order to elucidate the role of magnons and solitons in the transition behavior of the temperature dependence of T1.

Notes: We report here the single-crystal magnetic susceptibility data and the magnetic resonance behavior in the ordered state of (NH3(CH2)2NH3)CuBr4, which is a strongly coupled, pseudo-1D, Heisenberg antiferromagnet with strong in-plane ferromagnetic coupling. The Neel temperature is 58 K and appears to be sample-dependent. The observed resonances occur near g=2 with small anisotropies and suggest hidden spin canting with a second magnetic phase transition into a different ordered state at 20 K.