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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of the bispyridinium oxime [14C] HI-6 in male and female rats (1990)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 64 (1990), S. 377-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: HI-6 ; Tissue distribution ; Soman ; Autoradiography ; Gender differences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Female rats poisoned with multiple LD50s of soman or tabun have been shown previously to respond to the protective effects of HI-6 more positively than male rats. This present study was designed first to determine the distribution pattern and concentration of [14C] HI-6 in rats, and secondly, to determine the possibility that HI-6 might be located in high concentrations in critical tissues in the female as opposed to the male. To these ends, [14C] HI-6 was administered to groups of male and female rats and its radiolabelled distribution determined by whole body autoradiography and/or by measurement of its actual concentration, by scintillation spectrometry. The experiments were repeated in the presence of 2 × LD50 soman and supporting therapy with atropine. In both sexes, HI-6 levels were highest in the kidney, followed in order by cartilage 〉plasma 〉liver 〉heart 〉lung 〉 diaphragm 〉brain and spinal cord. The relative distribution in the two sexes was confirmed by both methods and was not significantly altered in the presence of soman and atropine. The lack of a measurable difference in tissue distribution of [14C] HI-6 derived radioactivity between males and females suggested that the hormone-dependent difference in the protective effects previously observed was not due to selective accumulation of [14C] HI-6 in organs believed to be important in its therapeutic activity, such as brain or diaphragm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01973459
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HI-6 therapy of soman and tabun poisoning in primates and rodents (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 63 (1989), S. 144-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: HI-6 ; Soman ; Tabun ; Primates ; Rodents ; Organophosphate poisoning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The bis-pyridinium oxime HI-6, in conjunction with atropine, was found to offer significant protection against multiple LD50 challenges with the organophosphorus compounds soman and tabun. In adult rhesus macaques, the therapeutic administration of HI-6 with atropine and diazepam protected three of four animals from the lethal effects of 5 × LD50 of soman and three of three animals from 5 × LD50 of tabun. However, when toxogonin was substituted for HI-6 in the therapeutic mixture, all three animals poisoned with 5 × LD50 of soman died. In rats, the 24 h protective ratios against tabun and soman with HI-6 were 2 and 3.5, respectively, whereas in guinea pigs these values were between 4 and 6 for both agents. No evidence was obtained for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivation by HI-6 in tissue from tabun-poisoned rodents or following soman or tabun in primate plasma. The results underscore the significant therapeutic benefit of HI-6 in primates, a species specific efficacy against tabun, and argue for some mechanism of action of HI-6 at least partly unrelated to AChE reactivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316437
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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