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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Carfax Publishing Limited
    Addiction 93 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Aims. Carry-over effects or the hangover hypothesis postulates that alcohol continues to impair performance the morning after drinking, even after low or moderate doses. Performance deficits have been attributed to the residual effects of recent drinking. The present study examined evidence for residual alcohol consumption on human performance when blood alcohol level has declined to zero. Design. A within-subjects, repeated measures, placebo controlled experiment was conducted with double-blind alcohol administration to investigate the effects of alcohol the morning after ingestion. Setting. All subjects were studied in Glasgow, Scotland, UK. Participants. Forty healthy male moderate to heavy social drinkers between 18 and 45 years of age. Measurements. Psychomotor performance, subjective state and quality of sleep were examined under alcohol and placebo with a 1-week interval between test sessions. Enough alcohol was given to place subjects above the legal limit for driving at peak blood alcohol. Findings. There was no evidence for impaired performance the morning after ingestion. Effects were found for subjective state and sleep quality. Conclusions. The findings suggest that after a 100 mg/100 ml dose of alcohol people who: (a) have no alcohol left in their blood and; (b) do not feel hung over will generally be fit to drive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction 90 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Between 1991 and 1992 there was a four-fold increase in drug-related deaths in Glasgow. Comparing records of the drug-related deaths for November 1990-October 1991 and November 1991-October 1992 in Edinburgh and Glasgow, it was found that the increase in Glasgow was statistically significant and that heroin, often mixed with other drugs, which most often included temazepam, diazepam and alcohol, was implicated in the increase in deaths in Glasgow. A number of the deceased had been prescribed temazepam or diazepam. Discussed are the hazards of drug mixing and the possibility that the use of buprenorphine by drug injectors previously had kept the number of overdoses relatively low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction 90 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Previous studies have found equivocal evidence for expectancy effects on cognitive-motor performance. The effects of expectancy and alcohol on a dual tracking and reaction-time task analogous to some driving skills, and on choice reaction-time, mere studied in a balanced-placebo design (n = 90). A dose of alcohol achieving 80 mg/100 ml (high dose) had large effects on both tasks, but a low dose (40 mg/100 ml) had no significant effects. Expecting alcohol led to subjects who received the high dose performing significantly better on the primary tracking task than subjects expecting placebo (but also receiving the high alcohol dose). By contrast, on a secondary reaction-time task, subjects who had received placebo performed worse 100–130 minutes after drinking, if they had expected alcohol. All groups felt more drunk than baseline and expecting alcohol made subjects feel more able to perform, whatever drink they had received. The implications of these findings for the nature of expectancy effects on performance and the relationship between expectations and strategy are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction 88 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction 89 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: The implications for addiction research of recent knowledge about human memory are described. It is important that research using self-reported data understands the limits of suck data. The nature of human memory and the selective, constructive processes of remembering provide one set of limits. Abandoning retrospective data entirely is not feasible in addiction research, for it would require the abandonment of current and prospective self-reported data as well, as they are also subject to memory biases. Because of memory distortions, self-reports, even by rigorous questionnaire, are biased narratives rather than incomplete but otherwise accurate evocations of past events. These limits necessitate caution and humility in the interpretation of findings, and cannot be eliminated by any particular set of research methods. There will never be a philosophers’stone which will convert self-reported data into absolutely accurate figures of quantity, frequency and timing. Nor is it straightforward to infer social and psychological causality from the organization and timing of events as remembered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Health & social care in the community 4 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2524
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: One hundred people who make use of an organization housing the young, single homeless were interviewed using a semi-structured interview. There was a high prevalence of problems, including substance abuse and dependence, other mental health problems, extensive use of health services and extensive experience of crime both as victim and perpetrator. Most people said they had become homeless because they did not get on with their parents. Since becoming homeless, most had not spent more than a month sleeping rough, but most had spent time staying with friends or staying in other hostels for the homeless. It is concluded that most young, single homeless people who seek help have problems beyond a lack of permanent shelter. The extent to which the sample is representative of all homeless people is considered and implications for service provision are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Carfax Publishing, part of the Taylor & Francis Group
    Addiction 96 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 100 (1998), S. 254-259 
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: It has been suggested that habitual consumers of sugar experience "cravings" when deprived. Subjects (n = 27) who habitually consumed sugar-sweetened drinks were placed on a seven-day regime receiving either sugar-sweetened drinks, or aspartame-sweetened alternatives. A between-subjects design was used to prevent subjects comparing the drinks, which were given blind with the cover story that the study was testing a new drink. In fact commercial carbonated beverages were given. At the end, subjects were unable to guess which they had received. Subjects completed a prospective food diary and rated mood daily using the Profile of Mood States, as well as before and after each test drink, using simple visual analogue scales. Compared to subsequent days, on the first day of the study subjects receiving aspartame-sweetened drinks ate fewer grams of carbohydrate and had fewer sugar episodes (where sugars, or sugar-fat, or sugar-alcohol mixtures were consumed). Overall energy intake for the day was unaffected. By day two, there were no differences between the groups in diet or mood. Body weight at seven days was unaltered from baseline. Blind substitution of aspartame-sweetened for sugar-sweetened soft drinks did not increase other sugar consumption and did not adversely affect mood. Any effects of this dietary change appear transient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
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    Unknown
    London, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    British journal of psychology. 77 (1986) 329 
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    London, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    British journal of psychology. 83:2 (1992:May) 261 
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