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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Trente-six opérés ne présentant aucun trouble ont été soumis 12.7 ans en moyenne après leur intervention gastrique à une exploration de routine comprenant: endoscopie, mesure du pH, biopsies multiples lors de l'endoscopie et scintigraphie au99mTc HIDA pour apprécier le reflux entérogastrique. Neuf de ces opérés avaient subi une gastrectomie type Polya, 10 une vagotomie tronculaire avec antrectomie (type Billroth I), 9 une vagotomie tronculaire avec pyloroplastie, 8 une vagotomie hypersélective. Chez les sujets qui avaient subi une résection 9 patients qui montraient à l'évidence des facteurs de risques au niveau de la muqueuse gastrique (dysplasie, gastrite atrophique chronique, métaplasie intestinale) avaient un pH supérieur à 4 en période de jeûne. En revanche chez les sujets vagotomisés le pH à jeun ne fut d'aucune valeur pour préjuger de l'existence de facteurs de risques histologiques. La quantité et la durée du reflux entérogastrique appréciée par la scintigraphie pendant plus de 50 minutes ne montra aucune corrélation avec les facteurs de risques chez les sujets ayant subi une résection gastrique. Si la quantité et la durée du reflux chez les patients qui avaient subi une section des vagues furent plus grandes chez les opérés présentant des facteurs de risque, elles ne revêturent pas une valeur discriminatoire. On peut conclure de ces faits que la scintigraphie est une exploration de routine de peu de valeur et que la simple mesure du pH est utile seulement chez les gastrectomisés.
    Abstract: Resumen Treinta y seis pacientes asintomáticos fueron evaluados en un tiempo promedio de 12.7 años después de cirugía gástrica mediante endoscopia con múltiples biopsias y medición intragástrica del pH, y por estudio de reflujo enterogástrico con HIDA Tc 99m. Nueve pacientes habían sido sometidos a gastrectomía tipo Polya, 10 a vagotomía troncular y antrectomía (anastomosis Billroth I), 9 a vagotomía troncular y píloroplastia, 8 a vagotomía gástrica proximal. En el grupo resecado los 9 pacientes con evidencia histológica de factores de riesgo en la mucosa (displasia, gastritis atrófica crónica, metaplasia intestinal) exhibieron un pH intragástrico en ayunas superior a 4. Sinembargo, el pH en ayunas no fué de valor para predecir la aparición de factores de riesgo después de la vagotomía (6 de 17 pacientes). La cantidad y duración del reflujo enterogástrico según estudio con HIDA en un período de 50 minutos no mostró correlación con los factores de riesgo que se presentaron después de la resección. La cantidad y la duración del reflujo después de vagotomía fué superior en los pacientes con factores de riesgo, sin llegar a ser una prueba discriminatoria. Nuestra conclusión es que el estudio con HIDA es de valor limitado como un procedimiento de tamizaje y que la sola prueba de pH es de utilidad solamente en pacientes sometidos a resección gástrica.
    Notes: Abstract Thirty-six asymptomatic patients at a mean time interval of 12.7 years after gastric surgery were assessed by endoscopy, intragastric pH measurement, and multiple biopsy at a single endoscopy and by99mTc Imino Diacetic Acid (HIDA) scanning for enterogastric reflux: 9 patients had had Polya gastrectomy, 10 patients truncal vagotomy and antrectomy (Billroth I anastomosis), 9 patients truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty, and 8 patients proximal gastric vagotomy. In the resection group the 9 patients with histological evidence of mucosal risk factors (dysplasia, chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia) had a fasting intragastric pH of more than 4. However, fasting pH was of no value in predicting the occurrence of risk factors after vagotomy (6 of 17 patients). The amount and duration of enterogastric reflux as measured by HIDA scanning over 50 minutes did not correlate with risk factors after resection. The amount and duration of reflux after vagotomy were greater in the patients with risk factors but were not discriminatory. We conclude that HIDA scanning is of little value as a screening procedure and that single sample pH testing is useful only in patients after a gastric resection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 25 (1998), S. 193-199 
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Fetus ; Radiation effects ; Radiopharmaceutical
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The possible detrimental effects on the developing embryo subsequent to irradiation are discussed. The doses to the embryo or fetus encountered for the most common procedures in diagnostic nuclear medicine are evaluated with respect to the threshold doses and the risks per cGy. The threshold dose for fatal and non-fatal malformations or other defects is, at the lowest estimate, 5–10 cGy. The dose which the embryo or fetus receives from diagnostic nuclear medicine is below 1 cGy. For the induction of fatal cancer and for genetic defects no threshold dose is assumed. The risk for the induction of cancer is 0.03%–0.05% per cGy. The risk for the induction of genetic defects is even lower (0.024%–0.099% per cGy). It is concluded that for common diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures the risk of detrimental effects on the embryo or fetus due to radiation is negligible. On the basis of present knowledge there are no radiation safety indications for abortus provocatus as a consequence of a diagnostic nuclear medicine study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Radiation protection ; radioiodine ; thyrotoxicosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Patients who receive radioiodine (iodine-131) treatment for hyperthyroidism (195–800 MBq) emit radiation and represent a potential hazard to other individuals. Critical groups amongst the public are fellow travellers on the patient’s journey home from hospital and members of the patient’s family, particularly young children. The dose which members of the public are allowed to receive as a result of a patient’s treatment has been reduced in Europe following recently revised recommendations from ICRP. The annual public dose limit is 1 mSv, though adult members of the patient’s family are allowed to receive higher doses, with the proviso that a limit of 5 mSv should not be exceeded over 5 years. Unless the doses received during out-patient administration of radioiodine can be demonstrated to comply with these new limits, hospitalisation of patients will be necessary. The radiation doses received by family members (35 adults and 87 children) of patients treated with radioiodine at five UK hospitals were measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters mounted in wrist bands. Families were given advice (according to current practice) from their treatment centre about limiting close contact with the patient for a period of time after treatment. Doses measured over 3–6 weeks were adjusted to give an estimate of values which might have been expected if the dosimeters had been worn indefinitely. Thirty-five passengers accompanying patients home after treatment also recorded the dose received during the journey using electronic (digital) personal dosimeters. For the ”adjusted” doses to infinity, 97% of adults complied with a 5-mSv dose limit (range:0.2–5.8 mSv) and 89% of children with a 1-mSv limit (range: 0.2–7.2 mSv). However 6 of 17 children aged 3 years or less had an adjusted dose which exceeded this 1 mSv limit. The dose received by adults during travel was small in comparison with the total dose received. The median travel dose was 0.03 mSv for 1 h travel (range: 2 μSv-0.52 mSv for 1 h of travel time). These data suggest that hyperthyroid patients can continue to be treated with radioiodine on an out-patient basis, if given appropriate radiation protection advice. However, particular consideration needs to be given to children aged 3 years or younger. Admission to hospital is not warranted on radiation protection grounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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