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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diminished retrograde transport causes axonal dystrophy in the nucleus gracilis (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 68 (1985), S. 93-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Axonal dystrophy ; Nucleus gracilis ; Retrograde axonal transport ; EM autoradiography ; HRP method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To examine a possible cause of axonal dystrophy in the nucleus gracilis, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of rats were investigated by means of electron-microscopic autoradiography and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracing method. Following injections of tritiated amino acids into the L6 and S1 DRG, labeling was observed on the initial and halfway developed dystrophic terminals in the ipsilateral gracile nucleus. However, no grains or few, if any, were found on the well developed huge dystrophic endings. Compared with the thoracic and upper lumbar DRG, a decrease in velocity and amount of retrograde HRP transport was demonstrated in the lower lumbar and sacrococcygeal DRG neurons, especially of large cell diameter, irrespective of age of rats. These findings led us to conclude that the axonal dystrophy reflects a state of an anterograde overtransport of the axoplasm caused by a diminished retrograde transport which is specific to lower lumbar and sacrococcygeal DRG large neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688629
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the immunofluorescent localization of collagen types I, III, and V with the distribution of reticular fibers on the same liver sections of the snow monkey (Macaca fuscata) (1991)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 264 (1991), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Collagen filaments-fibers ; Type V collagen ; Type III collagen ; Reticular fiber ; Liver ; Macaca fuscata (Primates)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Localizations of collagen types I, III, and V in monkey liver, as determined by the indirect immunofluorescence method, were photographically superimposed on the fibers revealed by silver-staining in the same tissue sections. Immunofluorescence for type I collagen was found to correspond with the brown collagen fibers and with some of the coarse reticular fibers, while that for type III collagen was found to correspond with most, but not all, reticular fibers of the liver as well as with the brown collagen fibers. The distribution of type V collagen coincides not only with the collagen fibers in the stroma of portal triads and around the central veins, but also with the coarse and fine reticular fibers in the liver lobules. By immuno-electron microscopy, reaction products with anti-type III and V collagens antibodies were demonstrated on cross-striated collagen fibrils, about 45 nm in diameter, in the space of Disse. From these observations, it is concluded that: (1) the fine reticular fibers are mainly composed of type III and type V collagens, and (2) the collagen fibers and coarse reticular fibers in the periphery of liver lobules are composed of type I, type III and type V collagens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305716
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the transport of opsin in the connecting cilium and basal rod outer segment in rat retina: rapid-freeze, deep-etch and horseradish peroxidase labelling studies (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 21 (1992), S. 449-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to clarify the pathway of opsin transport in the connecting cilium and basal rod outer segment, we examined rat rod cells by a rapid-freeze and deep-etch technique and also examined the uptake of horseradish peroxidase into isolated retina. The distribution of intramembrane particles on the P-face of the cilium indicated that the ciliary plasma membrane has similar opsin content to the basal rod outer segment plasma membrane. Dilated cisternae were detected below the stack of disk membranes at the basal rod outer segment in fresh retina. The fine structure of the P-face and true surface of these cisternae was identical to that of the disk membrane. Uptake of horseradish peroxidase was detected in the cisternae or in both cisternae and most basal disk, indicating that the cisternae are formed prior to the disk membrane. In the distal part of connecting cilium, we found axially oriented infoldings on the P-face of the plasma membrane, and subplasmalemmal tubules or cisternae adjacent and parallel to them. Such subplasmalemmal membranes were labeled by exogeneous horseradish peroxidase, suggesting that the infoldings are invaginating plasma membrane. These results may indicate that opsin molecules are conveyed on the ciliary plasma membrane, and that this opsin-rich plasma membrane is internalized in the distal connecting cilium to form dilated cisternae, which subsequently change to the disk membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01191508
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topography of opsin within disk and plasma membranes revealed by a rapid-freeze deep-etch technique (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 21 (1992), S. 807-819 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rod outer segments in fresh rat retinas were examined by a rapid-freeze, deep-etch technique to explore how membrane proteins are organized at the macromolecular level. Cross-fractures revealed that intradiscal membranes are adherent to each other except at the rim. When an isolated fresh retina was incubated in a hypotonic solution for a few minutes, the interdiscal space was expanded and the cytoplasmic surface of the disk membrane was found to be covered with protrusions except at the rim. A few particles were scattered among the protrusions and were attached to the cytoplasmic surface. Since the distribution density of the cytoplasmic surface protrusions was similar to that of the P-face particles, which are known to reflect opsins, the protrusions were considered to be portions of opsins extending into the cytoplasm. The intradiscal surfaces in chemically-fixed retinas were rather smooth and were labelled with anti-opsin antibodies and wheat germ agglutinin. The true surfaces of the plasma membrane were found to be similar in fine structure to those of the disk. A model of the macromolecular organization of rod outer segments is proposed on the basis of these observations. The model shows apposed opsins within a disk membrane adhering to one another except at the rim. These opsins, as well as those in the plasma membrane, are minimally exposed to the extracellular surface, but protrude deeply into the cytoplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237906
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental alterations in membrane organization of rat subpial astrocytes (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 18 (1989), S. 731-747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Subpial astrocytic processes were examined in developing rats, mainly with complementary replicas, to see how orthogonal arrays of particles (OAs) are formed and become numerous in membranes covered by basal lamina. Only a few (4.2%) endfeet in the membranes contacting the basal lamina (subpial membranes) had acquired OAs by the 19-day foetal stage. The number of endfeet provided with OAs increased drastically in the prenatal period, continued to increase at birth (P0), and somewhat more slowly in the early postnatal period (P0–P3), reaching 100% at P10. There were neuronal processes as well abutting on the basal lamina at the pial surface but they were easy to distinguish from astrocytic endfeet because of their larger intramembrane particles (IMPs), which are sparsely distributed and in patch-like aggregations. The distribution density of OAs in differentiated astrocytic endfeet also increased very gradually with age until P0, a little faster in the early postnatal period, and drastically from P10 to adult. Ordinary globular IMPs increased in number with age and continued to increase in the lateral membrane where OAs were still very few, though less rapidly in the subpial membrane as OAs became numerous. With maturation, larger IMPs became conspicuous in the lateral membrane but not in the subpial, suggesting that larger IMPs were predominantly used to form OAS. We have proposed the idea that relatively large IMPs line up to form single linear arrays (SLs), appearing as grooves on the E face, and that occasionally some SLs line up in multiple rows multiple linear arrays (MLs)] and that SLs or MLs fuse with one another to become rod-like strands, then divide into squares to become OAS. SLs and MLs appeared ontogenetically earlier than OAs, and continued to appear in membranes provided with OAS. In areas where membranes were bent, transition of these three structures was observable and the proportion of OAs increased with age. Further, in such areas, alignment of OAs was different according to membrane curvature: concentric in and around protrusions, perpendicular to the edge of invaginations. This unique association of OA alignment with membrane curvature suggests that OAs contribute to some membrane stability in the area covered by the basal lamina and provide the membrane with special resistance to bending.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01187227
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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