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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 877-879 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A low-energy (2.3 kJ) plasma focus is operated in an enhanced Cu Kα line emission mode. The emission is dominated by the interaction of electrons in the current sheath with the anode tip. The Cu Kα line radiation of 0.4 J/sr is recorded in the side-on direction, which steadily increases in the end-on direction and attains the value of 0.8 J/sr. It is estimated about 40 J of energy is radiated as x rays, out of which 8 J is in the form of Cu Kα lines in 4π geometry. The radiation yield represents a system efficiency of 1.7% for overall x-ray emission, and 0.35% for the Cu Kα line. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – Insulin-like growth factor I – Insulin-like growth factor II – Acidic fibroblast growth factor – Basic fibroblast growth factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) and fibroblast growth factors [acidic FGF (aFGF) and basic FGF (bFGF)] are trophic for motor neurones in vitro and (in laboratory animals) in vivo. An immunohistochemical investigation was performed on the distribution of these factors in the neuromuscular system of control patients and patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Comparisons were made with rat tissue. IGF-I immunoreactivity (IGF-I-IR) was seen in motor neurone cell bodies and axons, astroglia and Schwann cells, and in muscle fibres. IGF-II-IR was weak in all these cells. aFGF-IR was present in motor neurone cell bodies and axons, oligodendroglia and muscle fibres, but was not demonstrable in Schwann cells. bFGF-IR was present in motor neurone cell bodies and axons, and in astroglia, but was not seen in Schwann cells or muscle fibres. The distribution of the IGFs and FGFs in material from motor neurone disease (MND) and controls was similar. A role for any of these factors in the etiology of MND is, therefore, unlikely IGF-I-IR and aFGF-IR were stronger in type II than in type I muscle fibres and were increased in denervated fibres. Species differences were found for IGF-I and bFGF. The function of these factors is apparently not entirely similar in humans and rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Insulin-like growth factor I ; Insulin-like growth factor II ; Acidic fibroblast growth factor ; Basic fibroblast growth factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) and fibroblast growth factors [acidic FGF (aFGF) and basic FGF (bFGF)] are trophic for motor neurones in vitro and (in laboratory animals) in vivo. An immunohistochemical investigation was performed on the distribution of these factors in the neuromuscular system of control patients and patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Comparisons were made with rat tissue. IGF-I immunoreactivity (IGF-I-IR) was seen in motor neurone cell bodies and axons, astroglia and Schwann cells, and in muscle fibres. IGF-II-IR was weak in all these cells. aFGF-IR was present in motor neurone cell bodies and axons, oligodendroglia and muscle fibres, but was not demonstrable in Schwann cells. bFGF-IR was present in motor neurone cell bodies and axons, and in astroglia, but was not seen in Schwann cells or muscle fibres. The distribution of the IGFs and FGFs in material from motor neurone disease (MND) and controls was similar. A role for any of these factors in the etiology of MND is, therefore, unlikely. IGF-I-IR and aFGF-IR were stronger in type II than in type I muscle fibres and were increased in denervated fibres. Species differences were found for IGF-I and bFGF. The function of these factors is apparently not entirely similar in humans and rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental and applied acarology 14 (1992), S. 61-65 
    ISSN: 1572-9702
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Contrary to patterns described elsewhere, tick numbers on Rusinga Island cattle drop markedly after the onset of the rainy season. One possible explanation is that this is related to seasonal differences in host behaviour since cattle grazing on the island are restricted during the crop-growing season (the rainy season) and free grazing afterwards. In a field experiment, cattle were divided into two groups, free grazing and restricted, for 2 months each during the rainy season and during the dry season, and the number of ticks infesting each group was compared. In both seasons, the free-grazing group carried more ticks than the restricted group. Not only did the restricted group come into less contact with ticks, they were also exposed to tick-predating chickens for longer periods each day than the free-grazing group. Management practices that affect host behaviour should, therefore, be taken into consideration in tick population studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics 14 (1978), S. 16-18 
    ISSN: 1573-8191
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Peripheral nerve lesion results in changes in protein expression by neurons and denervated Schwann cells. In the present study we have addressed the question whether similar changes take place following functional denervation. Using immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy we examined changes in growth-associated protein (GAP-43) and low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75NGFR) in rat gastrocnemius muscle following botulinum toxin-induced paralysis. GAP-43 and p75NGFR were selected because they are not expressed by mature intact motor neurons or Schwann cells, but are expressed following nerve lesion in both motor neurons and denervated Schwann cells. In control muscle, GAP-43 and p75NGFR immunoreactivity was seen only in nerve fibres near blood vessels. Two weeks after toxin injection, GAP-43 immunoreactivity could be seen at the motor endplates and in axons. Intensity of staining increased with longer survival and reached a peak between 4 and 8 weeks post-injection. Ultrastructurally, GAP-43 immunoreactivity was confined to nerve terminals and axons, whereas Schwann cells remained negative. Immunostaining for p75NGFR also increased following toxin injection and was detected in some terminal Schwann cells and in perineurial cells of small nerve fascicles near the paralyzed target cells, but not in axons. These results show that changes in expression of GAP-43 in motor neurons following functional denervation closely resemble the changes following anatomical interruption of nerve-muscle contact. GAP-43 was not expressed in Schwann cells, indicating that its upregulation in these cells is induced by loss of axonal contact or nerve degeneration products. There is no support for a role of p75NGFR in incorporation of neurotrophins in axons. The restriction of p75NGFR expression to terminal Schwann cells and perineurial cells in close proximity to the paralyzed target suggests a role for a target-derived signal or, alternatively, macrophages in eliciting this expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Tropical animal health and production 20 (1988), S. 52-56 
    ISSN: 1573-7438
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Après la sécheresse, des cas cliniques de carences en zinc et cuivre ont été rapportés sur une ferme d'élevage bovin dans la région du Kordofan au Soudan. Les animaux montrent une faiblesse générale, une croissance réduite, de l'infertilité, de la parakératose et de la dépigmentation du pelage. On constate également une anémie macrocytaire et de faibles concentrations sériques en cuivre et en zinc. Cet état clinique étant plus fréquent chez les métis zébu × frison que chez les animaux de race locale, La sècheresse et des teneurs basses ou marginales en cuivre et zinc des fourrages peuvent avoir été des facteurs prédisposants.
    Abstract: Resumen Casos clínicos de carencias de cinc y de cobre se han señalado en una ganadería en la región de Kordofan del Sudán del oeste, después de un período de sequía. Los animales manifestaron debilidad general, desarrollo impedido, esterilidad, paraqueratosis y acromotricia. Se notó anemia macrocítica hipocrómica y bajas concentraciones de cobre y de cinc en los sueros. La condición se vio más extendida en los cruces etre cebú y frisio que en las castas locales. Los factores que llevan a tal situación pueden ser la sequía y un contenido bajo o marginal de cobre y de cinc en el pasto.
    Notes: Summary Clinical cases of both Zn and Cu deficiencies are reported in a cattle farm in Kordofan Region of the Sudan after drought. The animals showed general weakness, stunted growth, infertility, parakeratosis and achromotrichia. There was macrocytic hypochromic anaemia and low Cu and Zn concentrations in sera. The condition was more prevalent in zebu-Friesian crosses than the local breeds. Drought and marginal or low Cu and Zn content in pasture may be the predisposing factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 17 (1983), S. 101-103 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Bendrofluazide ; Stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A stability-indicating method for the determination of bendrofluazide in bulk powder as well as in tablets is described. The compound is extracted with methanol containing salicylamide as an internal standard and an aliquot taken. The chromatographic column was stainless steel, 4mm×25 cm, packed with 5 μm Hypersil ODS and the mobile phase was methanol-water (50∶50), flow rate 2 cm3 min−1. Superiority of the proposed method to official methods is demonstrated after statistical comparison.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Flurazolidone and other nitro-pharmaceuticals ; Quantitative analysis ; Stability tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A simple, rapid and precise stability-indicating high performance liquid chromatographic assay for the determination of furazolidone (I), nitrofurazone (II), nitrofurantoin (III), niridazole (IV) and nifuroxime (V) in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations has been devloped. Reversed phase chromatography was conducted using a Lichrosorb R.P. 18 column (250×4 mm), with methanol-water-buffer pH3 (40∶55∶5) eluent and detection at 365, 375, 367, 368 and 340 nm respectively. Calibration graphs were linear over the concentration ranges 3–18, 1–10, 1–10, 3–18 and 3–18 μm·ml−1. Reoveries from bulk drugs were 99.94–100.00 with a relative standard deviation of 1.02–1.61. Sunlight degradation of most of the studied drugs to 5-nitrofuraldehyde was observed. Accelerated stability studies have been carried out on each drug by exposure to sunlight for different time periods. Graphs of log of the remaining concentration (Log. C) against time indicated that photodecomposition of the nitrocompounds is a first order reaction. The proposed method was applied to some representative dosage forms and the results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained by the official methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 55 (1995), S. 997-1005 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Graft polymerization of methacrylic acid (MAA) to loomstate viscose fabric (greige fabric) using KMnO4/NaClO2 system was studied. Residual thiocarbonate and/or sizing materials on the fabric as well as presence of NaClO2 act in favor of primary radical formation which, in turn, accelerate formation of cellulose macroradicals capable of initiating grafting. The polymerization reaction was studied with respect to polymer yield, graft yield, homopolymer, total conversion, and graft efficiency. The magnitude of each of these characteristics was found to depend upon parameters such as concentrations of KMnO4, NaClO2, and MAA as well as liquor ratio, reaction time, and temperature of polymerization. By and large all these parameters enhance the polymerization process with the exception of the liquor ratio. A reaction mechanism for the polymerization reaction is also reported. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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