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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A highly conserved gene for vitamin B6 biosynthesis may have consequences for stress and hormone responses in plants (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 121 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is not only an essential cofactor in amino acid biosynthesis but has recently been added to the list of potent antioxidants found in plants (Bilski et al., 71: 129–134, 2000). Herein the cloning of a gene (pvPDX1) from Phaseolus vulgaris that has a high degree of similarity to PDX1 from Cercospora nicotianae is reported. In C. nicotianae, PDX1 is involved in the biosynthesis of pyridoxine as null mutants exhibit pyridoxine auxotrophy (Ehrenshaft et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 9374–9378, 1999). Expression of pvPDX1 in PDX1 mutants of C. nicotianae partially complements pyridoxine auxotrophy suggesting that a similar biosynthetic pathway for pyridoxine exists in both plants and fungi. In P. vulgaris, expression of pvPDX1 was induced by mechanical wounding via a mechanism that is independent of the production of AOS (active oxygen species). Furthermore, whereas the expression of pvPDX1 in P. vulgaris was up-regulated by treatment with 1-aminocyclopropane-1- carboxylic acid (ACC) treatment in a time course similar to that observed with wounding, expression was not consistently regulated by other treatments that caused a similar increase in ethylene production suggesting a more complicated regulatory pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0031-9317.2004.00283.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular evolutionary analysis based on the amino acid sequence of catalase (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 37 (1993), S. 71-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Evolution ; Catalase ; Phylogenetic tree
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Heme-containing catalase sequences from 20 different organisms representing prokaryotes, fungi, animals, and plants have been compiled for phylogenetic reconstruction. Phylogenies based on distance and parsimony analysis show that fungal and animal catalases can be derived from one ancestor, whereas bacterial catalases fail to form a monophyletic group. Plant catalases appear to form a second class of catalases that arose independently from a possible prokaryotic ancestor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170464
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A long open reading frame in the mitochondrial LSU rRNA group-I intron of Cryphonectria parasitica encodes a putative S5 ribosomal protein fused to a maturase (1999)
    Springer
    Current genetics 35 (1999), S. 109-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key wordsCryphonectria parasitica ; Mitochondrial group-I intron ; Maturase ; S5 ribosomal protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A 4238-bp intervening sequence within the highly conserved U11 region of the mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA gene of the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica Ep155 has been sequenced and identified to be a group-I intron. This is the largest group-I intron reported to-date for fungal mitochondrial genomes. The intron contains an 851-codon open reading frame encoding a putative, but complete, small-subunit ribosomal protein of 510 amino acids which is fused at its carboxyl terminus to a 311 amino-acid polypeptide representing a typical maturase-like protein. A short open reading frame of 83 amino acids with some similarity to maturases, but lacking a translation-initiation codon, was also noted at the 3′ end of the intron. The unusual size of the intron and the arrangement of the open and truncated reading frames suggest that this segment of the mtDNA of C. parasitica has arisen by a fusion of components from two or more different introns, possibly involving the re-location of intronic genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050439
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A circular mitochondrial plasmid incites hypovirulence in some strains of Cryphonectria parasitica (2000)
    Springer
    Current genetics 37 (2000), S. 242-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Chestnut blight ; Endothia ; Hypovirulence ; Hypovirus ; Mitochondrial plasmid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In the chestnut-blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, a plasmid, pCRY1, occurs in the mitochondria of several strains isolated at various locations in the northeastern United States and Canada. The monomer of this plasmid is a 4.2-kb circular double-stranded DNA that has no detectable sequence homology with the 160–kb mitochondrial DNA of Ep155, a standard virulent laboratory strain of C. parasitica. The circular nature and oligomeric characteristics of the plasmid were deduced from the heterogeneous size of plasmid DNA molecules as detected by one- and two-dimensional gel-electrophoresis, the nature and alignment of restriction fragments, and the lack of detectable termini in the nucleotide sequence. The cytoplasmic location of the plasmid was deduced from its co-purification with mitochondria, uniparental (maternal) transmission in sexual crosses, dissociation from the nuclei of the donor strain during its horizontal transfer between vegetatively compatible strains through hyphal anastomoses, and mitochondrial codon usage (UGA=Try). The pCRY1 plasmid contains a long open reading frame that is transcribed and potentially encodes a unique 1214 amino-acid, B-family DNA polymerase similar to those encoded by the LaBelle and Fiji circular mitochondrial plasmids of Neurospora. In this subgroup of proteins, the DTD motif characteristic of B-family DNA polymerases is replaced by TTD. Amino-acid motifs related to those that are characteristic of the 3′→5′ exonuclease domains of B-family DNA polymerases have been located in the amino-terminal portion of the proteins. A comparison of isogenic plasmid-free and plasmid-containing cultures indicates that pCRY1 is an infectious agent that effects a reduction in the pathogenicity of some, but not all, strains of C. parasitica.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050526
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical and genetic map of the mitochondrial genome of Cryphonectria parasitica Ep155 (1996)
    Springer
    Current genetics 30 (1996), S. 34-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Cryphonectria parasitica ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Genetic map ; Hypovirulence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  In the chestnut-blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, a cytoplasmically transmissible (infectious) form of hypovirulence is associated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations that cause respiratory deficiencies. To facilitate the characterization of such mutations, a restriction map including the probable location of 13 genes was constructed for a relatively well-characterized virulent strain of the fungus, Ep155. The physical map is based on the order of all fragments generated by cleavage of the mtDNA by the PstI restriction endonuclease and includes some of the cleavage sites for HindIII, EcoRI, and XbaI. It was constructed from hybridization patterns of cloned mtDNA fragments with Southern blots of mtDNA digested with the four restriction enzymes. On this map, the probable locations of genes commonly found in the mitochondrial genomes of ascomycetes were determined by low-stringency hybridization of cloned Neurospora crassa mitochondrial gene probes to Southern blots of C. parasitica mtDNA. The data indicate that the mtDNA of strain Ep155 is a circular molecule of approximately 157 kbp and ranks among the largest mitochondrial chromosomes observed so far in fungi. The mtDNAs of 11 different C. parasitica isolates range in size from 135 to 157 kbp and in relatedness from 68 to 100 percent, as estimated from restriction-fragment polymorphisms. In addition to the typical mtDNA, the mitochondria of some isolates of the fungus contain double-stranded DNA plasmids consisting of nucleotide sequences not represented in the mtDNA of Ep155.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050097
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusually compact ribosomal RNA gene cluster in Sphaeronaemella fimicola (1993)
    Springer
    Current genetics 23 (1993), S. 357-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Ribosomal DNA repeat ; 5.8s rRNA gene ; Internal transcribed spacer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ribosomal DNA repeat unit of Sphaeronaemella fimicola was found to be a 13.7-kb tandem repeat with a relatively long nontranscribed spacer (NTS) and an unusually compact ribosomal RNA gene cluster. The DNA sequence of an 850-bp PCR amplification product containing the 3′ end of the small subunit rRNA (SSrRNA) gene, the 5.8s gene, and the 5′ end of the large subunit rRNA (LSrRNA) gene was determined. The putative internal spacers flanking the 5.8s RNA gene could be the shortest yet noted for any fungus, totaling only 102 bases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310899
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing the production of sclerotia in the wild rice (Zizania aquatica) pathogenSclerotium hydrophilum (1999)
    Springer
    Mycoscience 40 (1999), S. 393-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: glucose concentration ; light ; sclerotium-forming fungi ; vitamins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sclerotium hydrophilum was shown to be auxoheterotrophic for thiamine, with the addition of this vitamin being required for the induction of sclerotia on defined media, but riboflavin and pyridoxine also have a positive effect. In the absence of thiamine, an increase in glucose concentration lead to a decrease in the yield of sclerotia; however, the addition of thiamine negate this inhibition and, instead, as the glucose concentration increased a higher proportion of sclerotial initials matured. Overall it was found that thiamine, specifically the pyrimidine component of thiamine, is crucial for initiating sclerotium production, while glucose stimulates maturation. The effect of light on sclerotium production was found to be complex and dependent on the growth medium. Light is not required for either the induction or maturation of sclerotia, but continuous irradiation of developing cultures with either white light or black light induces an endogenous rhythm whereby sclerotia are formed every 48h. When exposed to alternating light/dark regimes mycelium that formed in the light does not mature sclerotia, but dark-formed mycelium does, even if it is subsequently exposed to light.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02464393
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